• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.119-123
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• 1990

Unexpected renal abnormality can be detected on bone scan using Tc-99m-MDP. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic significance of diffusely increased bliateral renal uptake on bone scarf. 1,500 boor scan were reviewed and 43 scans which showed diffusely increased bliateral renal uptake were selected for analysis. Laboratory findings for renal and liver function tests including routine urinalysis were reviewed in 43 patients. 26 of 43 case showed abnormality in urinalysis and renal function stud 20 of 43 cases showed abnormal liver function study and 3 of these cases were diagnosed as hepatorenal syndrome later. 13 of those 20 cases had liver cirrhosis with or without hepatoma. 12 of 43 cases showed abnormality both in renal and liver function studies. 2 of 43 cases showed diffusely increased bilateral renal uptake after chemotherapy for cancer but not on previous scans before chemotherapy. 2 of 43 cases showed hypercalcemia and 8 of 43 cases had multifocal bone uptake due to metastasis or benign bone lesion. but the latter showed no hypercalcemia at all. There was no significant correlatrion between increased renal uptake and MDP uptake in soft tissue other than kidneys. This study raised the possibility that the impaired liver and/or renal function may result in diffuse increase of bliateral renal uptake of MDP of unknown mechaninsm. It seems to need further study on this correlation.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.68-76
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• 2019

Background: In colorectal cancer (CRC), 40-60% of patients develop metastasis. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a pivotal and intricate process that increases the metastatic potential of CRC. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Korean Red Ginseng extract (RGE) on colorectal metastasis through inhibition of EMT and the metastatic abilities of CRC cells. Methods: To investigate the effect of RGE on the metastatic phenotypes of CRC cells, CT26 and HT29 cells were evaluated by using an adhesion assay, a wound-healing assay, an invasion assay, zymography, and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Western-blot analysis was conducted to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of RGE, which showed an inhibitory effect on the transforming growth factor-${\beta}1$ ($TGF-{\beta}1$)-induced EMT in HT29 cells. Additionally, the antimetastatic effect of RGE was evaluated in a mouse model of lung metastasis injected with CT26 cells. Results: RGE decreased the adhesion and migration ability of the CT26 cells and TGF-${\beta}1$-treated HT29 cells. The invasion ability was also reduced by RGE treatment through the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression and activity. Moreover, RGE suppressed the TGF-${\beta}1$-induced EMT via TGF-${\beta}1$/Smad-signaling-mediated Snail/E-cadherin expression in HT29 cells and lung tissue in CT26 tumor-bearing mice. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that RGE inhibited colorectal lung metastasis through a reduction in metastatic phenotypes, such as migration, invasion, and the EMT of CRC cells.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2022

This study estimated the direct and indirect socioeconomic costs of 238 diseases and 22 injuries from a social perspective in Korea from 2007 to 2015. The socioeconomic cost of each disease group was calculated based on the Korean Standard Disease Classification System. Direct costs were estimated using health insurance claims data provided by the National Health Insurance Service. The numbers of outpatients and inpatients with the main diagnostic codes for each disease were selected as a proxy indicator for estimating patients' medical use behavior by disease. The economic burden of disease from 2007 to 2015 showed an approximately 20% increase in total costs. From 2007 to 2015, communicable diseases (including infectious, maternal, pediatric, and nutritional diseases) accounted for 8.9-12.2% of the socioeconomic burden, while non-infectious diseases accounted for 65.7-70.7% and injuries accounted for 19.1-22.8%. The top 5 diseases in terms of the socioeconomic burden were self-harm (which took the top spot for 8 years), followed by cirrhosis of the liver, liver cancer, ischemic heart disease, and upper respiratory infections in 2007. Since 2010, the economic burden of conditions such as low back pain, falls, and acute bronchitis has been included in this ranking. This study expanded the scope of calculating the burden of disease at the national level by calculating the burden of disease in Koreans by gender and disease. These findings can be used as indicators of health equality and as useful data for establishing community-centered (or customized) health promotion policies, projects, and national health policy goals.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.617-632
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• 2022

Tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP) and voice prosthesis insertion following laryngectomy may fail to form an adequate seal. When spontaneous closure of the fistula tract does not occur after conservative measures, surgical closure is required. The purpose of this study was to summarize the available evidence on surgical methods for TEP site closure. A comprehensive search across PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Cochrane was performed to identify studies describing surgical techniques, outcomes, and complications for TEP closure. We evaluated the rate of unsuccessful TEP closure after surgical management. A meta-analysis with a random-effect method was performed. Thirty-four studies reporting on 144 patients satisfied inclusion criteria. The overall incidence of an unsuccessful TEP surgical closure was 6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1-13%). Subgroup analysis showed an unsuccessful TEP closure rate for silicone button of 8% (95% CI < 1-43%), 7% (95% CI < 1-34%) for dermal graft interposition, < 1% (95% CI < 1-37%) for radial forearm free flap, < 1% (95% CI < 1-52%) for ligation of the fistula, 17% (95% CI < 1-64%) for interposition of a deltopectoral flap, 9% (95% CI < 1-28%) for primary closure, and 2% (95% CI < 1-20%) for interposition of a sternocleidomastoid muscle flap. Critical assessment of the reconstructive modality should take into consideration previous history of surgery or radiotherapy. Nonirradiated fields and small defects may benefit from fistula excision and tracheal and esophageal multilayer closure. In cases of previous radiotherapy, local flaps or free tissue transfer yield high successful TEP closure rates. Depending on the defect size, sternocleidomastoid muscle flap or fasciocutaneous free flaps are optimal alternatives.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제65권5호
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• pp.697-709
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• 2022

Objective : The present study aimed to identify the function of ischemic stroke (IS) patients' peripheral blood and its role in IS, explore the pathogenesis, and provide direction for clinical research progress by comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. Methods : Two datasets, including GSE58294 and GSE22255, were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database. GEO2R was utilized to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs were performed using the database annotation, visualization and integrated discovery database. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was constructed by search tool of searching interactive gene and visualized by Cytoscape software, and then the Hub gene was identified by degree analysis. The microRNA (miRNA) and miRNA target genes closely related to the onset of stroke were obtained through the miRNA gene regulatory network. Results : In total, 36 DEGs, containing 27 up-regulated and nine down-regulated DEGs, were identified. GO functional analysis showed that these DEGs were involved in regulation of apoptotic process, cytoplasm, protein binding and other biological processes. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs mediated signaling pathways, including human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-I infection and microRNAs in cancer. The results of PPI network and cytohubba showed that there was a relationship between DEGs, and five hub genes related to stroke were obtained : SOCS3, KRAS, PTGS2, EGR1, and DUSP1. Combined with the visualization of DEG-miRNAs, hsa-mir-16-5p, hsa-mir-181a-5p and hsa-mir-124-3p were predicted to be the key miRNAs in stroke, and three miRNAs were related to hub gene. Conclusion : Thirty-six DEGs, five Hub genes, and three miRNA were obtained from bioinformatics analysis of IS microarray data, which might provide potential targets for diagnosis and treatment of IS.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.35.1-35.10
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• 2023

Background: Titanium is the most widely used metal for bone integration, especially for cancer patients receiving ionizing radiation. This study aimed to investigate the amifostine administration that would reduce the effects of radiation on bone healing and osseointegration in rat models. Objectives: It is aimed that the application of amifostine in rats receiving radiotherapy treatment will reduce the negative effects of ionizing radiation on the bone. Methods: Thirty-five adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into one healthy and four experimental groups. In three consecutive days, two experimental groups of rats (AMF-RT-IMP and RT-IMP) were exposed to radiation (15 Gy/3 fractions of 5 Gy each). Then the titanium implants were inserted into the left tibia. Before the radiotherapy process, a 200 mg/kg dose of amifostine (AMF) was administered to the rats in the AMF-IMP and AMF-RT-IMP groups. Twenty-eight days after the screw implant, all rats were sacrificed, and their blood samples and tibia bones were collected for analysis. Results: The results indicated an accelerated bone formation and a more rapid healing process in the screw implants in the AMF-IMP, AMF-RT-IMP, and AMF-RT groups than in the RT-IMP group. Also, bone-implant contact area measurement and inflammation decreased with amifostine treatment in the implants subjected to irradiation (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results obtained in the present study suggested that amifostine prevents the losses of bone minerals, bone integrity, and implant position from ionizing-radiation when given before exposure.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.138-144
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• 2024

Crocin은 여러 가지 요리에 향미와 색깔을 주는 치자 열매나 사프란에 함유되어 있는 적노란색의 수용성 색소이다. 사프란과 치자는 전통의학 분야에서 부종, 해열, 해독 작용이 있어 바이러스성 간염, 식도염, 관상동맥심장병, 신경쇠약, 불면증, 퇴행성 신경질환, 호흡기 질환, 비뇨기 질환 등을 치료하는데 사용되어 왔다. Crocin (C₄₄H₆₄O₂₄)은 카로테노이드의 복합체로, dicarboxylic acid crocetin과 disaccharide gentiobiose로 이루어진 diester이다. Crocin은 혈액학적인, 병리학적인 독성이나 유전독성이 없다. 현재까지 수많은 생체 내 및 생체 외 연구들을 통해 Crocin의 생물학적인 약리작용이 밝혀지고 있다. 본 총설에서는 염증성 장질환, 위염, 천식, 동맥경화, 류머티스 관절염, 다발성 경화증, 당뇨, 알츠하이머병, 파킨슨병, 우울증 등의 염증 관련 질환에서 Crocin의 보호 효과를 요약한다. Crocin은 다양한 작용 기전을 통해 항염, 항산화, 세포 자살 방지 기능을 함으로써 이들 질환을 개선하는 것으로 추론된다.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제84권6호
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• pp.1266-1289
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• 2023

악성 림프종은 역동적 조영증강 컴퓨터단층촬영에서 전형적으로 커진 림프절 이 균일한 조영증강을 보이며 내부에 괴사 및 낭성 병변을 보이지 않는 영상 소견을 보이며, 이를 통해 침습적인 진단 검사 없이도 의심할 수 있다. 그러나 일부 림프종은 비전형적인 영상 소견을 보여 영상의학과 의사가 진단하는데 어려움을 겪는다. 더욱이, 실제 임상 현장에서는 백혈병, 면역저하자의 바이러스 감염, 원발암 및 전이암들이 림프종과 유사하게 보여 감별진단하는데 어려움이 있다. 초기에 영상검사로 악성 림프종과 이러한 유사질환을 구별하는것은 적절한 치료방침을 결정하는데 중요하다. 따라서, 본 임상 화보의 목표는 림프종의 전형적, 비전형적 영상 소견과 림프종을 모방하는 병변들의 영상 소견을 보여주며, 감별 진단을 좁히는데 도움이 되는 중요한 소견들을 논의하고자 한다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.913-919
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• 2004

본 연구는 소음성 감각신경성난청 환자의 유전적 관련요인을 파악하고자 관련성이 의심되는 mitochondrial DNA의 돌연변이와 소음성 감각신경성난청과의 관련성을 조사하였다. 말초혈액 백혈구로부터 DNA를 추출한 후, mtDNA 3243, 1555, 7445부위의 $A{\rightarrow}G$ 돌연변이 유무를 관찰하기 위하여 mtDNA 3243, 1555, 7445부위 가 포함된 mtDNA fragment를 중합효소 연쇄반응으로 증폭하고 유전자 제한효소로 소화하여 전기영동하고 ethidium bromide 용액으로 염색하여 UV transilluminator에서 관찰하였다. 그리고, PCR 산물을 이용하여 DNA 염기서열을 분석하여 mtDNA 3243, 1555, 7445부 위에서의 염기서열 분석을 실시하여 mtDNA 3243, 1555, 7445부위 의 $A{\rightarrow}G$ 돌연변이를 관찰하였다 MtDNA A3243G, A1555G, A7445G의 돌연변이를 관찰한 결과 돌연변이 부위가 포함된 fragment가 소음성 감각신경성난청 환자군, 감각신경성난청 환자군, 대조군 모두에서 증폭됨을 관찰하였다. 또한 PCR 산물을 제한효소로 처 리 한 결과에서도 mtDNA에서 3243, 1555, 7445부위의 $A{\rightarrow}G$ 돌연변이가 일어나지 않았음을 알 수 있었다. PCR산물을 이용하여 DNA 염기서열을 분석하여 mtDNA 3243, 1555, 7445부위에서의 염기서열을 확인한 결과 이미 밝혀진 사람의 mtDNA 3243, 1555, 7445부 위의 염기서열과 동일한 염기서열임이 확인되었으므로 mtDNA 3243, 1555, 7445부위의 $A{\rightarrow}G$ 돌연변이가 일어나지 않았음을 확인하였다. 소음성 감각신경성난청과 mtDNA 3243, 1555, 7445부위의 $A{\rightarrow}G$ 돌연변이와는 관련이 없는 것으로 관찰되었다.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.16-21
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• 2007

목적: 우리나라와 같이 만성 염증성 폐질환이 호발하는 지역에서는 폐문 및 종격동 림프절에 석회화가 동반될 수 있고 이 부위에 FDG 섭취가 될 수 있기 때문에 FDG 섭취만 고려할 경우 위양성률이 높다. 이 연구에서는 비소세포 폐암환자에서 림프절의 PET/CT 판독 시 FDG 섭취 정도뿐만 아니라 CT 영상에서의 림프절 석회화 혹은 감쇠 정도를 고려하여 진단율을 평가하였고 조직학적 종류에 따라 향상 정도의 차이가 있는지 또한 알아 보았다. 대상 및 방법: 2004년 9월부터 2005년 12월사이 화순전남대학교병원에서 비소세포 폐암으로 처음 진단 받고 PET/CT와 림프절 절제술을 시행 받은 53명(평균나이; 62세, 남:여=38:15)을 대상으로 수술 후 림프절 전이에 대한 PET/CT 결과를 병리결과와 비교하였다. 림프절의 maxSUV값이 3.0 이상인 경우를 악성으로 분류하여 PET의 진단율을 조사하였다. PET/CT의 경우에는 maxSUV값이 3.0 이상이라도 CT 영상에서 석회화가 있거나 높은 감쇠를 보이는 림프절은 양성으로 분류하였으며, 조직학적 분류에 따라 진단율의 차이를 보이는지 조사 하였다. 결과: 각 림프절 군에서 maxSUV 값에 따른 PET 진단의 전체적인 민감도, 특이도, 정확도는 각각 45%, 91%, 86%였고, 편평세포암종 71%, 91%, 90%, 샘암종에서는 36%, 91%, 84%이였다. PET/CT의 민감도, 특이도, 정확도는 각각 45%, 97%, 92%였고 편평세포암종인 경우에서는 71%, 98%, 95%. 샘암종에서는 36%, 97%, 89%이였다. 결론: PET 진단에 비해 PET/CT 진단의 특이도가 유의하게 향상되었고, 이는 편평세포암종 및 샘암종 모두에서 유의하게 향상되었으며, 향상되는 정도는 조직학적 분류와 관계가 없었다.