• The Journal of Korea CHUNA Manual Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.55-65
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• 2003

The purpose of this article was to contribute to the knowledge of physiological and pathological changes of aging skeletal muscles, and of therapic method. By aging there were changes of distribution of muscle fibers, the loss of muscle mass, the loss of the number of muscle fibers, the loss of glycolysis capacity, the decrease of the oxidative enzymes and muscle vascularization in the skeletal muscles. And as a pathological change, the exhaustive maximal exercise increased oxidative stress that led to oxidative damage which were shown to be implicated in promoting aging. The property of intensity and duration exercise is important not only in keeping human health and physical fitness from oxidative stress, but also for the maintenance of well-being and quality of life.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.127-130
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• 2015

Direct injection of foreign material, such as liquid paraffin and silicone, into the breast can induce a foreign body granulomatous reaction and fibrosis, resulting in hard, nodular breast masses and architectural distortion that can mimic neoplasm. Conventional methods, including physical examination, mammography, and ultrasonography are of little use to differentiate between foreign body-induced mastopathy and breast cancer. In patients with foreign body injection such as breast augmentation, dynamic contrast enhanced MR imaging is an excellent imaging modality. Here, the authors report the MR imaging and pathological findings of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) with multicystic changes in a 41-year-old woman with a previous history of interstitial mammoplasty by paraffin injection.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.323-330
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• 1996

Subacute toxicity study was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats after daily oral administration of KDRD-002 0.23, 0.7, 2.1 g/kg for one month. There were no clinical signs and pathological changes compared with control group but slight decrease in spontaneous motor activities and locomotions at high dose group of KDRD-002. Body weights were not significantly changed between control and KDRD-002 treated groups. In histopathological examinations, however, two animals (1 male, 1 female) showed abnormal increases in the weights of spleen tissues at middle dose group of KDRD-002. Also, there were some hemorrhages in lung tissues at low dose group of KDRD-002, but it was not considered to be caused by KDRD-002. These results suggest that KDRD-002 does not induce any significant subacute oral toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.314-322
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• 1996

The subacute toxicity was investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats orally treated with KDRD-010 at the doses of 0.056, 0.28, and 1.4 g/kg for one month. There were no clinical signs and pathological changes compared with control group. Body weights were not significantly changed between control and treatment groups. In hematological and biochemical serum parameters, all mean values appear to be within the normal range. In pathological examinations, hemorrhages of lung was observed in one male rat at low dose group and one female rat at high dose group of KDRD-010, but it was not considered to be caused by KDRD-010. These results suggest that KDRD-010 dose not induce any significant subacute oral toxicities in Sprague-Dawley rats.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2018

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effects of computer game exposure on pathological musculoskeletal symptoms in adolescents. Method: This study included 10 male junior high school students who used computers less than 3 times a week for 1 hr per day. The subjects were asked to play computer games for 4 hr. Magnetic resonance imaging of the hand and wrist, from the distal radius and ulnar head to the distal phalanges, and radiography of the cervical vertebrae were performed before and after playing computer games. For each dependent variable, a paired t-test was performed to identify significant changes before and after a 4-hr active computer game (p<.05). Results: The horizontal diameters of the flexor tendons in the index and middle fingers were significantly reduced after playing computer games. The horizontal diameters of the flexor tendons of other fingers did not show any significant differences, but there was a tendency toward a decrease after playing computer games. There was no significant change in the cervical lordosis angle before and after playing computer games. However, the cervical lordosis angle was relatively decreased. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that computer game exposure had direct and indirect effects on morphological changes of flexor tendons. In addition, playing computer games for long periods of time can have a negative effect on normal functioning of the musculoskeletal system, with the possible development of abnormalities. However, computer game exposure in adolescents cannot be decisively identified as a factor causing pathological symptoms, based on the results of this study alone. Thus, longterm longitudinal studies on the overall musculoskeletal system are necessary.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.83 no.3
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• pp.195-200
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• 2020

The disease concept of interstitial lung disease with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis at its core has been relied on for many years depending on morphological classification. The separation of non-specific interstitial pneumonia with a relatively good prognosis from usual interstitial pneumonia is also based on the perception that morphology enables predict the prognosis. Beginning with dust-exposed lungs, initially, interstitial pneumonia is classified by anatomical pathology. Diagnostic imaging has dramatically improved the diagnostic technology for surviving patients through the introduction of high-resolution computed tomography scan. And now, with the introduction of therapeutics, the direction of diagnosis is turning. It can be broadly classified into to make known the importance of early diagnosis, and to understand the importance of predicting the speed of progression/deterioration of pathological conditions. For this reason, the insight of "early lesions" has been discussed. There are reports that the presence or absence of interstitial lung abnormalities affects the prognosis. Searching for a biomarker is another prognostic indicator search. However, as is the case with many chronic diseases, pathological conditions that progress linearly are extremely rare. Rather, it progresses while changing in response to environmental factors. In interstitial lung disease, deterioration of respiratory functions most closely reflect prognosis. Treatment is determined by combining dynamic indicators as faithful indicators of restrictive impairments. Reconsidering the history being classified under the disease concept, the need to reorganize treatment targets based on common pathological phenotype is under discussed. What is the disease concept? That aspect changes with the discussion of improving prognosis.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.619-622
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• 1974

The purpose of this study was to investigate biological tissue reactions to various restorative dental materials. An experimental pellects was implanted into subdermal tissue in dog subjects observing 1 week, 3 weeks, and 8 weeks respectively. The obtained histo-pathological findings were as follows: 1. Experimental pellets such as gold, ticonium and amalgam alloy are considered biologically acceptable. 2. Experimental results in 1 week dog showed acute inflammatory changes. 3. Experimental results in 8 week dog showed fibrotic and chronic inflammatory changes. 4. Active irritans such as silicate cements revealed acute inflammatory changes in all observed period. 5. Biological tissue to irritants observed.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 1976

The livers of 300 cases of Korean native cattle which were collected at slaughted house in Pusan were examined by gross and histopathological means to study patterns of pathological changes of the organ. 1. The most dominated lesion of the liver was those of fascioliasis showing incidence rate as 907 per cent of inspected cattle. 2. On age distribution of the fascioliasis lesion in the liver, higher incidence was seen in animals that were from 6 to 9 years of age. 3. Significant changes of the hepaticparenchyma caused by immature flukes included thrombosis, migrational tracks such as hemorrhagic foci with massive eosinophilia and hepatic necrosis. The changes of chronically infected livers of cattle were recognized as proliferation of periductal eosinophilic granuloma of various degrees in each portal triad. And this easential cholangiohepatitis might develop into multiple focal cirrhosis or diffuse perilobular cirrhosis. 4. Most cases with gross lesion of swelled bile ducts on visceral surface of the liver showed histological evidences of fascioliasis lesion throughout hepatic lobes.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.169-183
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• 2011

Objectives : This study explores perspectives, reasons, functions of dreams in order to develop a treatment model. Methods : We searched CNKI, KISS, NDSL. Papers published since 2002, which are classified in categories. Results : 1. The Recognitions about the dream of Oriental Medicine is based on "Hwangjenaegyeong Eumsabalmong(黃帝內經 淫邪發夢)". 2. By each era, There are a variety of etiological causes, stages. 3. Dreams are generated by the internal stimuli Physiological activities of the Jangbu(臟腑),Deficiencies of yin and yang(陰陽), Pathological changes in the Jangbu(臟腑), Pathology products, external stimuli Yukeum(六淫), Eumsiksang(飮食傷), and unusual feelings. 4. Spirit(神) comes from brain(腦), not heart(心). So what we call brain spirit(腦神) is right. Dreams are the mental activity related to the brain. 5. Dreams are the reflection of the pathological changes of the human body. And it shows the development, changes and prognosis of disease. Dreams sometimes illustrate the incidence of the disease Conclusions : We organized perspectives, Causes and Functions of dreams mentioned in Oriental Medicine Literatures. Health is closely related to the dream. Therefore, we propose that the dream is worth for the diagnosis and treatment in oriental medicine.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.14-35
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• 2024

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is one of the most unique joints in the human body that orchestrates complex movements across different orthogonal planes and multiple axes of rotation. Comprising the articular eminence of the temporal bone and the condylar process of the mandible, the TMJ integrates five major ligaments, retrodiscal tissues, nerves, and blood and lymph systems to facilitate its function. Cooperation between the contralateral TMJ and masticatory muscles is essential for coordinated serial dynamic functions. During mouth opening, the TMJ exhibits a hinge movement, followed by gliding. The health of the masticatory system, which is intricately linked to chewing, energy intake, and communication, has become increasingly crucial with advancing age, exerting an impact on oral and systemic health and overall quality of life. For individuals to lead a healthy and pain-free life, a comprehensive understanding of the basic anatomy and functional aspects of the TMJ and masticatory muscles is imperative. Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) encompass a spectrum of diseases and disorders associated with changes in the structure, function, or physiology of the TMJ and masticatory system. Functional and pathological alterations in the TMJ and masticatory muscles can be visualized using various imaging modalities, such as cone-beam computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and bone scans. An exploration of potential pathophysiological mechanisms related to the TMJ anatomy contributes to a comprehensive understanding of TMD and informs targeted treatment strategies. Hence, this narrative review presents insights into the fundamental functional anatomy of the TMJ and pathological changes that evolve with TMD progression.