• 환경위생공학
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2003

There are lots of waterborne diseases which are caused by pathogenic microorganisms disseminated in contaminated environment. The purpose of this study is to investigate the status of water qualify and in order to investigate the sanitary condition of water purifier in northern part of Gyeonggi-do. We analyzed pathogenic microorganisms and 44 items of drinking water criteria from April to July in 2002. The results were as follows. 1. In 774 samples of water purifier, Pathogenic bacteria(salmonella, E coli O-157, O-26, O-111, shigella, pseudomonas etc.) were not isolated and total coliforms not detected. 2. About 76.5% of the water with purifier are found to be appropriated to the drinking water quality criteria. but 182 samples(23.5%) were without limits of drinking water criteria. 3. In the microbiological examination, 774 samples of purified water showed that 169 samples(21.9%) exceed the range of recommended limits(100 $CFU/m{\ell}$) to the total viable bacterial counts by pour plate method.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.121-127
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• 2021

Yogurt is produced by bacterial fermentation of milk and contains lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which produce various metabolites such as organic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and bacteriocin. This study aimed to investigate cell-free supernatants (CFS) of LAB isolated from Tibetan yogurt. CFS (TY1, TY2, TY3, TY4, TY5, TY6, and TY7) from selected strains of LAB were co-incubated with four different foodborne pathogenic bacteria, namely E. coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus. Inhibition of foodborne pathogenic bacterial growth was not affected in the presence of CFS (pH 6.5). In contrast, CFS without neutralization completely inhibited the growth of the bacteria. Furthermore, when the concentration of CFS (without neutralization) was changed to 1:4 and 1:8, a difference in inhibition was observed between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. CFS more effectively inhibited the growth of Gram-negative E. coli O157:H7 and S. Typhimurium than Gram-positive L. monocytogenes and S. aureus. These results suggest that organic acids in LAB may inhibit the growth of foodborne pathogenic bacteria, particularly Gram-negative bacteria.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.215-223
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• 2005

The bacteria on the surface of slaughtered meat was monitored to investigate the relationships between microbiological quality and sanitation management in slaughter process of cattle and pig. It was conducted to evaluate the microbiological quality on the surface of slaughtered beef and pork in Seoul from January to December 2004. Two hundred and thirty three beef and 233 pork carcasses were surveyed on generic E coli counts and standard plate count for microbiological quality and Salmonella spp, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens and E coli O157: H7 as pathogenic microorganisms. The prevalence of the excellent or good grade $(10^4\;CFU/cm^2)$ in beef and pork carcasses were $100\%\; and\;99.2\%$, respectively. The frequency of beef carcasses with less than $10^2\;CFU/cm^2$ of generic I coli counts was $100\%$, while that of pork carcasses was $99.6\%$. Of 233 beef carcasses, $1(0.42\%)$ was contaminated with L monocytogenes and $6(2.58\%)$ with C perfringens. Of 233 pork carcasses, $11(4.72\%),\;2(0.86\%),\;and\;2(0.86\%)$ were contaminated with L monocytogenes, C perfringens, and S aureus, respectively, Salmonella spp and E coli O157:H7 were not detected with all of the beef and pork carcasses. In conclusion, this study emphasized the Importance of relationship between microbiological quality and sanitation management in slaughter process of cattle and pig, in abattoirs.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2002

This survey was conducted to evaluate the microbiological quality and to detect of pathogenic microorganisms on the surface of slaughtered beef and pork products in two abattoirs located in Seoul from January 2001 through December 2001. Two hundred and twenty-five beef and 215 hog were surveyed for microbiological quality and 630 beef and 625 hog were detected for pathogenic microorgainsms. 1. The prevalence level on number of standard plate count(SPC) less than $10^4$cfu/$cm^2$in beef and hog were 89.8% and 90.7%, respectively. 2. Escherichia coli less than $10^2$cfu/$cm^2$ in beef and less than $10^3$cfu/$cm^2$ in hog were 98.2% and 99% 3. E coli 0157:H7 was recovered from 2 beef carcasses(0.32%), and Staphylococcus aureus from 12 pork carcasses(1.90%), Listeria monocytogenes from 1 beef and 4 pork carcasses (0.15%, 0.64%) and clostridium perfringens from 14 beef and 11 pork carcasses(2.22%, 1.76%), respectively.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.330-337
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• 1997

4종류의 향신료(allspice, clove, oregano, thyme)를 액체배지에 0~2%(w/v) 첨가하여 멸균한 후 6종류의 식중독세균(Aeromonas hydraphila, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus 196E, Salmonella typhimurium, Vibrio parahaemolyticus)을 $10^{5}$~$10^{6}$ cells/$m\ell$되게 접종하여 35$^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 배양하였다. 향신료의 종류와 농도에 따른 각 식중독세균에 대한 항균활성은 배양액의 생균수 변화로서 조사하였으며, 향신료의 농도가 증가할수록 식중독세균의 증식은 억제되었다. 액체배지에 첨가한 향신료의 농도 2% 범위내에서 Gram 양성균이 V. parahaemolyticus를 제외한 Gram 음성균에 비하여 증식이 크게 억제되었다. 향신료 중에서는 시험한 6종류의 식중독세균에 대하여 clove의 항균활성이 가장 우수하였으며, 다음으로는 allspice와 oregano가 우수하였다. 액체배지에 0.3%의 clove첨가로서 시험한 모든 식중독세균의 증식이 억제되었다. Kanagawa 반응 양성세균인 V. parahaernolyicus는 clove와 allspice를 첨가했을 때 시험한 타 균쥬에 비하여 증식이 가장 두드러지게 억제되었다. Thyme은 시험한 대부분의 세균에 대하여 가장 항균활성이 낮았던 반면에 clove는 1%를 첨가하였을 때 시험한 모든세균을 사멸시켰다.다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2000

솔잎과 녹차의 물추출물과 에탄올추출물을 액체배지에 0~2%(w/v)첨가하여 5종류의 식중독세균(Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus 196E, Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella typhimurium)을 $10^{5}$~$10^{6}$ cells/ml 되게 접종하여 35$^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 배양하였다. 솔잎과 녹차의 추출물 종류와 농도에 따른 각 식중독세균에 대한 항균활성은 배양액의 생균수 변화를 측정하였으며 이 결과로부터 각 추출물의 최소저해농도와 최소사멸농도를 구하였다. 아울러 솔잎과 녹차의 추출물과 보존료인 sodium benzoate로서 각 세균에 대한 생육저해환의크기를 비교하였다. 솔잎추출물은 Gram 양성균(L. monocytogenes, S. aureus)과 Gram 음성균중 A. hydrophila에 대하여 0.4~l.6% 범위내에서 증식을 억제시켰으며 E. coli와 S. typhimurium은 솔잎추출물에 대하여 강한 내성을 나타내었다. 솔잎 추출물은 시험한 5균주에 대하여 사멸작용은 전혀 나타내지 않았다. 반면에 녹차추출물은 시험한 5균주 모두에 대하여 0.2~l.0% 범위내에서 증식을 억제시켰으며 L. monocytogenes를 제외한 모든 균주를 0.5~2.0% 범위내에서 사멸시키는 강한 항균활성을 나타내었다. 솔잎과 녹차추출물은 특히 S. aureus와 A. hydrophila에 대하여 보존료(sodium benzoate)보다도 강한 항균활성을 나타내었다. 전체적인 항균력의 크기는 녹차 에탄올추출물 > 녹차 물추출물 > 솔잎 에탄올추출물 > 솔잎 물추출물의 순이었다. 이 결과로 미루어 녹차추출물은 다양한 종류의 세균에 대하여 우수한 항균작용을 나타내는 천연 보존료로서의 활용가치가 있을 것으로 판단된다.다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.560-564
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• 2012

최근에 건강식품의 선호에 따라 신선 채소류 등의 소비가 증가하면서 농산물의 안전성에 대한 관심이 점점 증가하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 국내 유통 중인 유기농 채소류를 구입하여 총균수, Salmonella spp., E. coli O157:H7, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, Y. enterocolitica 등의 병원성 미생물의 오염도를 분석하고 유기농산물의 식중독균에 대한 잠재적인 위험성을 평가하는 기초자료에 도움을 주고자 수행하였다. 유기농 채소류 4종의 일반 세균수 수준을 비교한 결과 오이의 일반 세균수 수준이 가장 높았고, 토마토의 일반 세균수는 가장 낮았다. 유기농 채소 중 깻잎의 일반 세균수는 $4.2{\sim}7.7log\;CFU\;g^{-1}$, 상추는 $5.0{\sim}8.0log\;CFU\;g^{-1}$, 토마토는 $4.0{\sim}7.5log\;CFU\;g^{-1}$, 오이는 $6.6{\sim}8.6log\;CFU\;g^{-1}$ 범위였다. 유기농 채소에서 Salmonella spp., E. coli O157:H7, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, Y. enterocolitica 등은 검출되지 않았다. 일반 세균수는 관행 농산물과 비슷한 수준을 보였으며 병원성 미생물은 전혀 검출되지 않았기 때문에 식중독균 오염수준은 극히 낮을 것이라고 생각한다. 그런데 오염될 수 있는 가능성이 있으므로 생산, 유통 단계에서 주의 깊은 관리가 필요하다고 판단된다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2005

Before twentieth centuries and during early twentieth centuries, communicable diseases were the major cause of morbidity and mortality in Korea. But reliable data are not available. After 1975, the overall morbidity and mortality from communicable diseases, rapidly declined. Recently many new pathogenic microbes were recognized: L. monocytogenes, Hantaan virus, Y. pseudotuberculosis, P. multocida, L. pneumophilia, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), G. seoi, H. capsulatum, C. burnetii, V. cholerae O139, C. parvum, F. tularensis, E. coli O157:H7, B. burgdorferi, S. Typhimurium DT104, Rotavirus, hepatitis C virus and so on. Since the first HIV infection recognized in 1985, the reported cases of infection and deaths from HIV/AIDS have been steady increased each year. Legionnaire's disease, E. coli O157:H7 colitis, listeriosis and crytosporidiasis have been occurring just sporadically among immunocompromized cases. Many re-emerging communicable diseases were occurred in Korea: leptospirosis, malaria, endemic typhus, cholera, tsutsugamushi disease, salmonellosis, hepatitis A, shigellosis, mumps, measles, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, brucellosis and so on. Leptospirosis and tsutsugamushi diseases have been noticed as major public health problems since 1980s. The malaria that had been virtually disappeared for a decade has reappeared from 1993 with striking increase of patients in recent 3-4 years. The distributions of salmonella and shigella serotypes have been changed a lot in recent few decades. Furthermore rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains induces more difficult and complex problems in control of communicable diseases. We must recognize on the importance of environment and ecosystem conservation and careful prescription of anti-microbial agent in order to prevent communicable diseases.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.483-488
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• 2008

Foodborne pathogenic bacteria in various food samples in Korea were monitored and the obtained data was statistically analyzed. A total of 1,240 food samples including 280 sashimi, 244 processed frozen products, 258 kimbab (cooked rice wrapped with seaweed), 337 soybean pastes were obtained from 7 cities including Seoul in Korea. Microorganisms tested were Bacillus cereus, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Yersinia enterocolitica, Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter jejuni, and Clostridium perfringens. The contaminated microorganisms in food samples were comprised of 10.55% B. cereus, 2.7% S. aureus, 2.0% V. parahaemolyticus, 0.8% C. perfringens, 0.2% Y. enterocolitica, and 0.1% of L. monocytogenes, respectively. Salmonella spp., C. jejuni, and E. coli O157:H7 were not detected in any of the food samples. Particularly, B. cereus that harbors the enterotoxin gene was detected in various foods and regions in Korea, therefore it should be a given special consideration not to allow the hazardous level of contamination.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.294-300
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• 2019

국내시판 김치로부터 분리한 probiotics의 병원생 미생물에 대한 억제효과와 항균제 내성을 조사하기 위해 35종의 국내시판 김치에서 총 140주의 probiotics를 분리하였으며, 16S rRNA 염기서열 분석을 통해 L. plantarum이 53주(37.9%), E. faecium 27주(19.3%) 그리고 L. rhamnosus 7주(5.0%) 순으로 동정되었고, 12종(species)의 다양한 병원성 미생물 즉 S. Typhi, S. Enteritidis, E. coli O157:H7, S. flexneri, NAG Vibrio, L. monocytogenesis, Y. enterocolitica, S. aureus, S. pyogenes, G. vaginalis, C. albicans, P. acne에 대한 전체적인 항균성은 69주(49.3%)이었으며, 균종별로 살펴보면 L. plantarum 75.5%, L. sakei 66.7%, E. faecium 40.7%, 그리고 L. rhamnosus 28.6% 순이었다. 또한 디스크 확산법에 의한 18종의 다양한 계열의 항균제에 대한 내성시험 결과 nalidixic acid가 98.6%의 내성을, S 83.6%, gentamicin 75.7%, vancomycin 73.6%, norfloxacin 72.1%, 그리고 ciprofloxacin 67.9% 순으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 본 실험에서 다양한 항균활성과 광범위한 항생제 내성을 지닌 L. plantarum, L. sakei, 그리고 E. faecium 균주가 장기 항생제 치료환자에 대한 유용한 설사 치료용 및 Candida 속이 야기하는 여성질염 치료제로서의 사용이 유용할 것으로 생각된다.