• Title/Summary/Keyword: Passive heating

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A Multiplex Housing Energy Conservation Strategy through Combining Insulation Standard Based Green Roof Systems and Passive Design Elements

  • Son, Hyeongmin;Park, Dong Yoon;Chang, Seongju
    • KIEAE Journal
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.31-38
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    • 2014
  • Recently, the coverage of urban forests has been rapidly decreasing as the cities are created and expanding. Consequently, there arise urban problems such as heat island effect, urban flooding, urban desertification and so on. In this context, green roof systems is considered to be an efficient alternative to deal with these problems. However, it is difficult to apply green roof to new buildings since the majority of the buildings in cities are already constructed and the demand for new building constructions is not high enough. Therefore, it should be considered to apply green roof system to existing buildings for resolving various problems. This study evaluates heating and cooling energy consumption based on the combination of passive design factors such as wall, roof, window insulation in addition to a green roof system applied to an existing house by using an energy simulation program. Total 8 potential improvement cases are developed. Each case is applied to the same house with different insulation standard for simulations. Through the analysis of the simulated cases with the chosen test house, it is confirmed that heating energy consumption decreases as improvement cases are applied, but cooling energy consumption is relatively not much affected by each improvement case. In addition, when each improvement case is applied to already highly insulated house, the effect of thermal energy improvement decreases while the same improvement that is applied to the case with low insulated house tends to yield higher improvement rate.

Seasonal Acclimatization in Summer versus Winter to Changes in the Sweating Response during Passive Heating in Korean Young Adult Men

  • Lee, Jeong-Beom;Kim, Tae-Wook;Min, Young-Ki;Yang, Hun-Mo
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.9-14
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    • 2015
  • We investigated the sweating response during passive heating (partial submersion up to the umbilical line in $42{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$ water, 30 min) after summer and winter seasonal acclimatization (SA). Testing was performed in July during the summer, 2011 [summer-SA; temp, $25.6{\pm}1.8^{\circ}C;$ relative humidity (RH), $82.1{\pm}8.2%$] and in January during the winter, 2012 (winter-SA; temp, $-2.7{\pm}2.9^{\circ};$ RH, $65.0{\pm}13.1%$) in Cheonan ($126^{\circ}52^{\prime}N$, 33.38'E), Republic of Korea. All experiments were carried out in an automated climatic chamber (temp, $25.0{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$: RH, $60.0{\pm}3.0%$). Fifteen healthy men (age, $23.4{\pm}2.5$ years; height, $175.0{\pm}5.9cm;$ weight, $65.3{\pm}6.1kg$) participated in the study. Local sweat onset time was delayed during winter-SA compared to that after summer-SA (p<0.001). Local sweat volume, whole body sweat volume, and evaporative loss volume decreased significantly after winter-SA compared to those after summer-SA (p<0.001). Changes in basal metabolic rate increased significantly after winter-SA (p<0.001), and tympanic temperature and mean body temperature were significantly lower after summer-SA (p<0.05). In conclusion, central sudomotor acitivity becomes sensitive to summer-SA and blunt to winter-SA in Rebubic of Korea. These results suggest that the body adjusts its temperature by economically controlling the sweating rate but does not lower the thermal dissipation rate through a more effective evaporation scheme after summer-SA than that after winter-SA.

A Study of Voltage Balancing Method in Series-Connected EDLCs for High Power Applications (다중 직렬 연결된 대용량 EDLC 모듈에 적합한 전압 밸런싱 기법에 대한 연구)

  • Cha, Dae-Joong;Baek, Ji-Eun;Ko, Kwang-Cheol
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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    • v.29 no.7
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    • pp.22-27
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    • 2015
  • In this paper, the problem of voltage unbalancing in series-connected multiple electric double-layer capacitors(EDLCs) is studied. Good understanding of this problem is required in order to increase reliability and stability of an energy storage system comprising EDLCs. Existing methods to settle voltage unbalancing cannot mitigate the problem enough for each cell, since most method have been applied to each module. For equalizing between cells, Zener diode which is one of passive method have been well examined in literature. However, Zener have well not used in balancing due to heating problem. In addition, It is difficult to choose Zener diode fitted rating voltage of EDLC, because of its internal resistance. Thus, we proposed passive balancing using Zener diode by analyzing parasitic element of Zener and EDLC. To experimentally confirm the balancing effect, we compared in two occasions which are with and without passive. As a result, proposed passive balancing circuit mitigated unbalanced voltage gap between EDLCs.

An application of LT method for Design-decisions to improve energy performance of non-domestic buildings during the early stage of Remodeling Process (비주거용 건물의 리모델링 계획 시 에너지 성능 향상을 위한 LT method의 적용 방법에 관한 연구)

  • Leigh, Seung-Bok;Byun, So-Hyung
    • KIEAE Journal
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    • v.3 no.4
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    • pp.3-14
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    • 2003
  • Remodeling for an aged building is emerging as a potential alternative towards the future of the building industry. It is a more effective method than the new construction in environmental friendly view. Most of remodeling were aimed at the improvement of the function of the deteriorated finishing materials. But, at the early stage of remodeling process, energy performance of a building can be improved by adopting passive design solutions such as daylighting and natural ventilation. The purpose of this study is to explain the passive design strategy in remodeling process and to suggest a application of LT method. LT method is an energy-design tool which responds to parameters available early in design development. It provides an output of annual primary energy for lighting, heating, cooling and ventilation in non-domestic buildings. LT method basically uses the concept of passive zone and non-passive zones and should be used to evaluate the energy performance of a number of options and to make comparisons. In this paper, the process of LT method is introduced and investigated an applicability in our office building.

An Analytical & experimental study on the thermal performance of trickle solar collector with Sinuous Cross-section (파형 단면을 가진 유하식 집열기의 열적 성능에 대한 이론 및 실험 연구(I))

  • Lee Jong Ho;Chung Mo;Baek Nam Choon;Auh Chungmoo
    • The Magazine of the Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers of Korea
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.240-251
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    • 1983
  • The municipal government of Daejeon, Korea set up a plan to retrofit solar energy to the existing swimming pool. The pool was constructed in 1980, and meets the requirements of International standard. It will be used for the 1986 Asian Games and the 1988 Seoul Olymipics. The roof structure of the existing pool is to be modified to accomodate trickle solar collectors. In addition, various energy conserving ideas will be applied to the existing building structure. For the prevention of over heating of collectors on the roof, natural air convection scheme will be adopted within the collector system. Natural convection of passive type heating would be also adopted for the space heating of the pool when the system is idle. At present, the pool can be utilized only for two months a year without auxilairy heating. With oil heating, the energy cost would be too high for the normal operation. When this project completed in March 1984, it would be expected to be openable for seven months a year without a significan amount of auxiliary heating. In this project, two dimensional numerical analysis technic have been used to analyse the characterisitics of thermal performance of the swimming pool system. An experimental tat verification of the theoretical analysis have been also attempted.

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The measurement study on the airtightness of dwellings based on the passive design (패시브 디자인을 적용한 주택의 기밀성에 관한 실측 사례 연구)

  • Lee, Tae-Goo;Yun, Doo-Young
    • KIEAE Journal
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.13-20
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    • 2013
  • Today, the world energy consumption in buildings occupies more than 30%. In our country, the energy consumption in buildings also occupies 25% of the entire national energy consumption. With the increasing demand of energy saving in architectural fields, there is a more interest in low-energy construction. For these low-energy housings, our country is planning to apply the energy-saving design standards at the level of passive houses in 2017. However, there is still a limitation in energy saving only with the standards on the performance of envelope in buildings. This means that unless a building is airtight even though it was well-insulated, cooling and heating energy consumption will increase due to the infiltration and leakage. Therefore, this study aims to make a comparative analysis of airtight performance by conducting a blower door test on the housings applied with passive designs, analyze the reasons why most houses fall short of the airtightness standards, and complement the airtightness problems in the inadequate parts of the buildings in order to save building energy.

Experimental Study on the Thermal Performance of Passive Solar Trombe Wall System (자연형태양열 트롬월 축열벽 시스템의 열성능 특성 실측 분석 연구)

  • Yoon, Jong-Ho;Baek, Nam-Choon;Shin, U-Cheul
    • Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.75-81
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    • 2008
  • Thermal performance of passive solar Trombe wall system which is applied on the south wall of KIER Zero energy Solar House has been monitored for 6 months of heating season. Based upon the long-term measurement results, extensive statistical analysis was conducted to investigate temperature profiler and heat flow pattern in Trombe wall system under actual operating condition. Heat flow characteristics depending on the time variation of day and month was clearly revealed. Heat gain and loss on the inner surface of the Trombe wall was calculated base upon measured temperature data. Those results would be utilized to improve the efficiency of new type solar storage wall system.

Energy Performance Evaluation of Zero Energy Technologies for Zero Energy Multi-House (공동주택의 에너지 자립을 위한 핵심요소기술의 에너지 성능평가)

  • Yoon, Jong-Ho;Kim, Byoung-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.161-167
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    • 2007
  • Zero Energy Multi-House(ZeMH) signifies a residential building which can be self sufficient with just new and renewable energy resources without the aid of any existing fossil fuel. For success of ZeMH, various innovative energy technologies Including passive and active systems should be well integrated with a systematic design approach. The first step for ZeMH is definitely to minimize the conventional heating and cooling loads over 50% with major energy conservation measure and passive solar features which are mainly related to building design components such as super-insulation, super window, including infiltration and ventilation issues. The purpose of this study is to analyze the thermal effect of various building design components in the early design of ZeMH. The process of the study is presented in the following. 1) selection reference model for simulation 2) verification of reference model with computer simulation program(ESP-r 9.0). 3) analysis of effect according to insulation-thickness, kinds of windows, rate of infiltration. and The simulation results indicate that almost 50% savings of conventional heating load in multi-house can be achieved with the optimum design of building components such as super insulation, super window, infiltration, ventilation.

Recent Progress in Solar Energy Research - A review of Papers Published in the Korean Journal of Solar Energy between 2000 and 2002 - (태양에너지 분야의 최근 연구동향- 2000년$\sim$2002년 학회지 논문에 대한 종합적 고찰 -)

  • Yoo, Ho-Chun;Jang, Moon-Seok
    • Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.107-119
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    • 2002
  • A review on the papers published in the Korean Journal of Solar Energy between 2000 and 2002 has been done. Focus has been put on current status of research in the aspect of Insolation. Solar Collector and Storage System, Solar Heating and Cooling System, Solar Cell and Lighting System, Active and Passive Solar Building, Heat Transfer in Solar Energy and Natural Energy. The conclusions are as follows. 1) Many studies on Insolation were conducted to optimize the usage of Solar Energy. 2) A review of the recent studies on solar thermal shows that there were many papers on solar collector and storage system. However, studies on the HVAC system using solar energy were relatively insufficient. 3) To produce high efficient solar cell. various experimental and numerical papers were published. However studies on control system, solar cell and lighting were seemed to be insufficient. 4) Studies on using solar energy in passive solar buildings were widely carried out, however, studies based on synthetic analysis of buildings and BIPV were insufficient. 5) Studies on heat transfer were mainly about heat exchanger, performance of heat pipe and multi air conditioner. 6) Studies on energy resources except for solar energy, such as hydraulic power and wind power etc. were very few.

Analysis on the Characteristics of Energy Use Behaviors and Energy Saving Consciousness of Multi-family Housing Residents (공동주택 거주자의 에너지 사용행태 및 에너지 절약의식 분석)

  • Lee, Youn-Jae;Lee, Hyun-Soo;Park, So-Yun
    • Journal of the Korean housing association
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.31-42
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    • 2011
  • The purpose of the study was to investigate the characteristics of energy use behaviors and energy saving consciousness of multi-family housing residents. The energy referred to in this study includes electric energy, heating energy and water usage. This study was conducted from a survey carried out in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The results of the study are as follows: First, among the survey questions, the only positive energy saving behaviors shown by the occupants was turning off the lights and the television, and in the use of kitchen appliances; it could therefore be concluded that, in general, energy saving attitude and consciousness were not sufficient to reduce energy consumption. Second, the results showed high mean scores for the behaviors which were easy to control, such as turning off lights and televisions, and low mean scores for the behaviors which required extra effort to completely cut off electricity energy such as pulling out the plugs of electronic appliances. Third, it was found that the occupants generally showed the tendency to save heating energy. However, in cases where the occupants were required to continuously and directly experience indoor temperatures, they expressed passive attitudes toward saving energy. Fourth, they showed wasteful attitudes toward water usage by leaving the tap running when taking showers and washing their faces. Fifth, while they showed a strong energy saving consciousness, they also showed a passive attitude about putting this into practice; there was therefore some gap between attitude and behavior. Lastly, among the socio-demographic factors, age and family lifecycle were very important factors affecting energy use and energy saving consciousness.