• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.161-167
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• 2007

Zero Energy Multi-House(ZeMH) signifies a residential building which can be self sufficient with just new and renewable energy resources without the aid of any existing fossil fuel. For success of ZeMH, various innovative energy technologies Including passive and active systems should be well integrated with a systematic design approach. The first step for ZeMH is definitely to minimize the conventional heating and cooling loads over 50% with major energy conservation measure and passive solar features which are mainly related to building design components such as super-insulation, super window, including infiltration and ventilation issues. The purpose of this study is to analyze the thermal effect of various building design components in the early design of ZeMH. The process of the study is presented in the following. 1) selection reference model for simulation 2) verification of reference model with computer simulation program(ESP-r 9.0). 3) analysis of effect according to insulation-thickness, kinds of windows, rate of infiltration. and The simulation results indicate that almost 50% savings of conventional heating load in multi-house can be achieved with the optimum design of building components such as super insulation, super window, infiltration, ventilation.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2002

This study is on the design and evaluation of Zero Energy Solar House(ZeSH) including active solar heating system. Various innovative technologies such as super insulation, passive solar systems, super window, ventilation heat recovery system...etc were analyzed by individual and combination for the success of ZeSH. The ESP-r simulation program was used for this. Simulation results shows that almost 77% of heating load can be reduced with the following configuration of 200mm super insulation, super windows, passive solar system and 0.3 ventilation rate per hour. Active solar heating system (ASHS) was designed for the rest of the heating load including hot water heating load. The solar assisted heat pump is used for the auxiliary heating device in order to use air conditioner but not included in this study. The yearly solar fraction is 87% with a solar collector area of $28m^2$. The parametric studies as the influence of storage volume and collector area on the solar fraction was analyzed.

• Architectural research
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2023

Indoor thermal conditions greatly affect the health and comfort of humans who occupy the space in it. The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of water and vegetation elements as a microclimate modifier in buildings to obtain thermal comfort through the study of thermal environment models. This research covers two objects, namely public buildings and housing in Makassar City, South Sulawesi Prov-ince - Indonesia. Quantitative methods through field surveys and measurements based on thermal and personal variables. Data analysis based on ASHRAE 55 2020 standard. The data was processed with a parametric statistical approach and then simulated with the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation method to find a thermal prediction model. The model was made by increasing the ventilation area by 2.0 m2, adding 10% vegetation with shade plant characteristics, moving water features in the form of fountains and increasing the pool area by 15% to obtain PMV + 0.23, PPD + 8%, TSV-1 - +0, Ta_25.7℃, and relative humidity 63.5 - 66%. The evaluation shows that the operating temperature can analyze the visitor's comfort temperature range of >80% and comply with the ASHRAE 55-2020 standard. It is concluded that water elements and indoor vegetation can be microclimate modifiers in buildings to create desired comfort conditions and adaptive con-trols in buildings such as the arrangement of water elements and vegetation and ventilation systems to provide passive cooling effects in buildings.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.754-757
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• 2008

To maintain the indoor air quality, many ventilation systems and technologies have been developed in the highly insulated and air tight buildings. In this study, a porous construction material, which is applicable to passive ventilation system, is developed and measured the performances of the permeability and the resistance of water vapor, and the dust collection efficiency. The average coefficient of water vapor permeability shows $3.6\;g/m^2{\cdot}h{\cdot}mmHg$, which is slightly higher than Hanji ($2.4{\sim}3.2\;g/m^2{\cdot}h{\cdot}mmHg$) and the average water vapor resistance factor shows $0.303\;g/m^2{\cdot}h{\cdot}mmHg/g$, which is slightly smaller than Hanji($0.309{\sim}0.315\;g/m^2{\cdot}h{\cdot}mmHg/g$). The pressure drop of the porous construction material is smaller than the HEPA filter and the minimum dust collection efficiency shows 82.8% in the range of $2{\sim}9\;cm/s$.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.293-314
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• 2013

Double-Skin Façade (DSF), which is a kind of passive indoor environmental control technique, is effective way to control environmental loads while maintaining the transparency especially in perimeter zone and hence the adoption example of DSF keep increasing recently. The objective of this study was to perform a field survey of air quality environment with natural ventilation through DSF and thermal environment within office building with six stories during a mild climate period in Japan. Moreover, to understand the comprehensive environmental performance of the target building, questionnaire survey was conducted to subjectively evaluate the productivity and satisfaction with the environmental factors in office space. In this field measurement, there was a positive correlation between the DSF internal ventilation flow and the amount of solar radiation on the DSF normal surface; the primary driving force for ventilation in the DSF was considered to be the buoyancy force caused by solar radiation. The results of questionnaire survey with regard to productivity level indicated the need for improvement in the thermal (temperature) and spatial environment (room size and furniture placement).

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2013

Recently, the field of construction is putting a variety of effort into reducing CO2, since global warming is being accelerated due to climate changes and the increase of greenhouse gas. For reduction of CO2 in the field of construction, it is required to make plans to cut down heating energy of buildings and especially, it is urgently needed to cut down energy of residential buildings in rural area where occupies the majority of consumption of petroleum-based energy sources. Therefore, this research compared and analyzed the actual energy consumption, by evaluating energy performance of a detached house applying passive house design components for reduction of energy. As the result, energy consumption showed remarkable differences, according to the operation of a heat recovery ventilation unit which is one of passive house design components, and building energy consumption displayed remarkable differences, too, depending on the difference of airtightness performance during building energy simulation conducted in process of design. Based on these results, the importance of airtightness performance of passive house was verified. The result of the actual measurement of energy consumption demonstrated that LNG was most economical amongst several heat resources yielded, on the basis of LPG source energy consumption measured within a certain period of time, and it was followed by kerosene. LPG was analyzed to have a low economic efficiency, when used for heating.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.321-343
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• 2022

Museum buildings display artefacts for public education and enjoyment, ensuring their long-term safety and the comfort of visitors by following strict indoor environment control protocols using mechanical Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems to keep the (environmental) variables at a fixed comfort level. Maintaining this requires constant supply of energy currently mostly sourced from the combustion of fossil fuels which exacerbates climate change. However, a review on the effects of the indoor environmental variables on museum artefacts as well as museum visitors revealed that there is no specific point at which artefact deterioration occurs, and that there are wide ranges of conditions that guarantee the long-term safety of artefacts and human comfort. Visits to museum buildings in hot-humid tropical climate of Nigeria revealed that strict indoor environmental practices were adopted. Even when appropriate micro-climatic conditions are provided for artefacts, mechanical HVAC systems remain necessary for visitor comfort because almost no consideration is given to natural ventilation. With the current global push towards energy management, this paper reviewed passive environmental control practices, architectural design strategies, and discusses the adaptation of double skin façade with jali screens, and the notion of smart materials, which can satisfy the range of requirements for the long-term safety of artefacts and levels of human comfort in buildings in hot-humid tropical climate, without mechanical HVAC systems. This review would inspire more discussions on passive, energy efficient, smart and climate responsible popular architecture, challenging current thinking on the impact of the more accepted representative architecture.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2002년도 학술대회지
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• pp.161-164
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• 2002

In the present study, a passive control method, using the porous wall and cavity system, is applied to the shock wave/boundary layer interactions in transonic moist air flow. The two-dimensional, unsteady, compressible Navier-Stokes equations, which are fully coupled with a droplet growth equation, are solved by the third-order MUSCL type TVD finite difference scheme. Baldwind-Lomax turbulence model is employed to close the governing equations. In order to investigate the effectiveness of the present control method, the total pressure losses of the flow and the time-dependent behaviour of shock motions are analyzed in detail. The computed results show that the present passive control method considerably reduces the total pressure losses due to the shock/boundary layer interaction in transonic moist air flow and suppresses the unsteady shock wave motions over the airfoil, as well. It is also found that the location of the porous ventilation significantly influences the control effectiveness.

• 에너지공학
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.40-45
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• 2014

주거시설에서 환기횟수 0.7회 적용은 실내공기질 향상과 거주자의 쾌적성을 높이고자 100세대 이상은 의무적으로 적용하고 있다. 건축물에너지효율등급에서는 환기횟수를 기준으로한 기밀시험을 실시 하여 그결과 값을 효율등급결과치에 반영함으로서 창호주변의 정밀시공을 유도하고 침기로 인해 손실되는 에너지절감을 꾀하고 있다. 건축물엔지효율등급 현장실사 결과 환기횟수가 0.6~0.71까지 나타났으며 그차이가 에너지 절감량에 크게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 유럽의 패시브 하우스 기준이 0.6회 이하의 기밀을 요구하고 있고 우리나라도 2017년 패시브하우스, 2025년 제로하우스를 목표로 하고 있어 비주거 건물의 기밀진단의 의무확대와 고기밀 건물에 대한 연구와 시공방법이 시급한 실정이다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2015

In this study, the solar chimney, one of the passive solar systems, is proposed as a method to improve the thermal environment of northern zones in buildings. As this well-known system has rarely been used in building projects, an adequate application of the system is proposed in this paper: the solar chimney system is designed to meet the required ventilation rate and consequently to reduce the ventilation load in the northern part of a building. To investigate such a possibility, a numerical model for the system is developed, and results of numerical tests are used for energy simulations. The results were taken into account for test simulations in EnergyPlus. As a result, approximately 75% of the volumetric ventilation rate required in the north zone could be supplied with the air volume acquired through the system and the monthly mean load was reduced by 29.5%, from 1.584 kWh to 1.117 kWh. The analyses of hourly mean heating and ventilation load over the heating period indicated that the system was very effective at around 13:00. Results show that 33% reduction in the ventilation load and 17% in the heating load for the north zone could be acquired through this system.