• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.351-356
• /
• 2010

A new current-balancing multi-channel LED driver is proposed in this paper. The conventional LED driver system consists of three cascaded power conversion stages and its driver stage has the same number of expensive boost converters as those of the LED channels. On the other hand, the proposed LED driver system consists of two cascaded power stages and its driver stage requires only passive devices instead of expensive boost converters. Nevertheless, all of the currents through multi-channel LEDs can be well balanced. Therefore, it features a smaller system size, improved efficiency, and lower cost. To confirm the validity of the proposed driver, its operation and performance are verified on a prototype for a 46" LCD TV.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2020.08a
• /
• pp.387-388
• /
• 2020

본 논문은 패시브 셀 밸런싱과 액티브 셀 밸런싱의 에너지 손실 비교에 관한 연구내용이다. 패시브 셀 밸런싱은 저항을 이용하여 과충전된 셀의 에너지를 소모하는 방식이며 액티브 셀 밸런싱은 SSC(Single Switched Capacitor) 구조를 이용하여 높은 에너지 셀의 에너지를 낮은 에너지 상태의 셀로 전달하는 방식이다. 높은 셀과 낮은 셀의 SOC(State Of Charge)의 차이가 5% (0.085 V)일 때 ∆SOC = 3% (∆V = 0.051 V)로 줄이기 위해 패시브 셀 밸런싱과 액티브 셀 밸런싱을 하여 두 셀 밸런싱의 에너지 손실 차이를 시뮬레이션과 실험을 통하여 비교한다.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.25-29
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze quantitative and qualitative differences according to shoe type for the grand jete landing in ballet. The subjects for this study were 9 female ballet majors with an average of 12 years of experience. Subjects jumped, performing a front split, and landed on 1 foot, a movement called the grand jete. Analysis was performed on the students' landing. Independent variables were 3 shoe types: split sole, traditional out sole, and 5-toed forefoot shoes, with bare feet as a control group. Dependent variables were vertical passive ground reaction force and qualitative elements. Passive ground reaction force variables(maximum passive peak value, number of passive peaks, passive force-time integral, and center of pressure) were measured by the Kistler 9281B Force Platform. Qualitative elements were comfort, cushioning, pain, and fit. Statistical analysis included both 1-way ANOVA and Tukey's test for follow-up. Finalized data demonstrated that the 5-toed forefoot shoe allows the forefoot to expand and the toes to individually press down upon landing, increasing foot contact with the surface. Five-toed forefoot shoes minimize passive peaks and pain, while increasing comfort, cushioning, and fit. Most ballet movements are composed of jumping, balancing, landing, and spinning. Wearing 5-toed forefoot shoes allows for a natural range of movement in each toe, to improve both technique and balance. Pain and injuries from ballet can be minimized by wearing the correct shoe type. According to this analysis, it is possible to customized ballet shoes to increase the efficiency of techniques and movements.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2003.05b
• /
• pp.1113-1116
• /
• 2003

무선 네트워크를 통해 인터넷에 접속하려는 이동노드 수가 늘어남에 따라 다수의 이동노드에게 무선 서비스를 제공해야하는 HA(Hone Agent)와 FA(Foreign Agent)에서의 부하도 함께 증가하고 있다. 특히 지역적 등록(Regional Registration)에서와 같이 투선 네트워크 도메인의 최상위 FA가 현재 도메인에 로밍한 모든 이동노드의 COA로 동작함으로 인해 발생하는 부하는 최상위 FA에서 혼잡 및 지연의 원인이 된다. 이에 본 논문에서는 최상위 FA에서 발생말 수 있는 부하를 하위 FA에게 분산하기 위하여 두 가지 접근방법인 Passive Approach와 Active Approach를 제안한다 Passive Approach는 부모 FA가 부하 분산 시점을 결정하여 자식 FA에게 분산해주는 기법이고 Active Approach는 임의의 FA가 스스로 분산 시점을 결정하여 상위 FA에서 발생할 수 있는 부하를 완화시켜주는 기법이다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 Active Approach의 한 형태를 띠고 있는 기존 연구인 LNSP 기법과 성능을 비교하여 가장 효율적인 부하 분산 방법을 제시한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
• /
• 2006.11a
• /
• pp.61-64
• /
• 2006

As a demand of mobile network is increasing, mobile support protocols are suggested. Although HMIPv6 managing the micro mobility with MAP suggests a plan for an effectively mobile support, there has a problem of traffic concentrating. This paper propose efficient schemes of distributing the traffic concentrated on hierarchical Mobile IPv6. This proposed schemes, selecting MAP more than two, are divided by selected 'Active' and 'Passive' MAP. The proposed schemes change a state in MAP and define performance to distribute a load in MAP as the Load is occurred by traffic.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.30-40
• /
• 2017

Background: Many studies have reported positive results of the various mirror training and virtual reality games in improving dynamic standing balance and posture adjustment in chronic stroke patients. However, no systematic study has been conducted to compare the effects of virtual reality games and the mirror balance training. Objects: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Wii balance games and Mirror Self-Balancing Exercises in improving proprioception of knee joint and standing balance of people with chronic stroke. Methods: Twenty patients with chronic stroke volunteered for this study. The subjects were randomly divided into a Wii balance games group and a Mirror Self-Balancing Exercises group with 10 patients in each group. Each training was performed for 30 mins a day for 4 days. In addition to the balance training, 30 mins neuro-developmental-treatment based routine physical therapy was given to both groups. Proprioception was measured using two continuous passive motion devices, and static balance was measured using a Wii balance board. Dynamic balance assessment tools included the Berg Balance Scale, Dynamic Gait Index, and Timed Up-and-Go test. Results: All measured variables before and after the experimental results showed a significant improvement in both groups (p<.05). Only the improvement of the affected knee proprioception appeared to be significantly greater in the Wii balance game group (p<.05). However, other variables did not differ between the groups (p>.05). Conclusion: The findings suggest that both Wii balance games and Mirror Self-Balancing Exercises may be helpful for improving the proprioception of knee joint and the balance of patients with chronic stroke.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.67-75
• /
• 2009

The growing need for the mobility supportable networks induces the IP-based mobility management protocols. Though HMIPv6 which manages the micro-mobility of mobile nodes using MAPs suggests an effective method for mobility-support for mobile nodes within the domain that is managed by MAP. There is a problem that traffic may be concentrated on MAPs. In this paper, therefore, we proposed a method that can effectively distribute the traffic which is concentrated on a MAP under phased Mobile IPv6. In our proposed method, two or more MAPs are required and classified as an 'Active MAP' or a 'Passive MAP'. In addition, we defined the state of transition events between Active MAP and Passive MAP and the operations among MAPs for load distribution when an overload condition is occurred at some MAPs by traffic congestion. We compared the performance of our proposed method with its phased Mobile IPv6 to prove the propriety of our proposed method. As a result, we showed that our proposed method can provide an enhanced performance by about 12 percentages in view of packet throughput at the node.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.167-179
• /
• 2005

In hierarchical Mobile IPv4 Networks the highest FA(Foreign Agent) may experience serious congestion and delay since the highest FA plays a role of CoA(Care of Address) for all mobile nodes in the domain, In this paper, we propose mechanism called 'HRFA(Hierarchical Root Foreign Agent)', which distributes the load imposed on the highest FA. In the proposed HRFA scheme, multiple HRFAs are selected to provide the similar service that is provided by the highest FA. According to which entity determines HRFAs, HRFA scheme is categorized into 'Active' and 'Passive' approaches. HRFA scheme is further categorized into 'All MN(Mobile Node)s' and 'New MNs' approaches, depending on which mobile nodes are assigned to a newly elected HRFA. Through a course of simulations, we investigate the performance of 4 possible combinations of HRFA schemes. We also compare the performance of the proposed HRFA schemes with the LMSP(Local Multicast Service Provider) scheme, which is a scheme to distribute the load of FA for multicast service in hierarchical wireless network domain. The simulation results show that the Passive & New MN approach performs best with respect to both the overhead and the load balancing.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
• /
• v.12A no.6 s.96
• /
• pp.507-514
• /
• 2005

This paper presents a partially decentralized passive replication algorithm for deterministic servers in message-passing distributed systems. The algorithm allows any backup server, not necessarily the primary server, to take responsibility for processing its received client request and coordinating with the other replica servers after obtaining the delivery sequence number of the request from the primary. Thanks to thus desirable feature, the algorithm with conventional load balancing techniques can efficiently avoid extreme load conditions on the primary. Therefore, it can provide better scalability of deterministic and replicated sewer systems than traditional passive replication algorithms. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm can reduce $16.5\%{\~}52.3\%$ of the average response time of a client request compared with the traditional ones.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.628-645
• /
• 2014

In past few years, distributed hash table (DHT)-based P2P systems have been proven to be a promising way to manage decentralized index information and provide efficient lookup services. However, the skewness of users' preferences regarding keywords contained in a multi-keyword query causes a query load imbalance that combines both routing and response load. This imbalance means long file retrieval latency that negatively influences the overall system performance. Although index replication has a great potential for alleviating this problem, existing schemes did not explicitly address it or incurred high cost. To overcome this issue, we propose, in this paper, an integrated solution that consists of three replication schemes to alleviate query load imbalance while minimizing the cost. The first scheme is an active index replication that is used in order to decrease routing load in the system and to distribute response load of an index among peers that store replicas of the index. The second scheme is a proactive pointer replication that places location information of each index to a predetermined number of peers for reducing maintenance cost between the index and its replicas. The third scheme is a passive index replication that guarantees the maximum query load of peers. The result of simulations indicates that the proposed schemes can help alleviate the query load imbalance of peers. Moreover, it was found by comparison that our schemes are more cost-effective on placing replicas than PCache and EAD.