• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2018.06a
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• pp.70-70
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• 2018

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.509-515
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• 2004

The aim of this paper is to forecast passenger numbers and freight volumes in 2005 and it is proposed optimal tonnage of passenger ship. The forecasting of passenger numbers and freight volumes is important problem in order to determine optimal tonnage of passenger ship, port plan and development. In this paper, the forecasting of passenger numbers and freight volumes are performed by the method of neural network using back-propagation learning algorithm. And this paper compares the forecasting performance of neural networks with moving average method and exponential smooth method As the result of analysis. The forecasting of passenger numbers and freight volumes is that the neural networks performed better than moving average method and exponential smoothing method on the basis of MSE(mean square error) and MAE(mean absolute error).

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.142-147
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• 2009

In the present study, a numerical simulation of passenger evacuation in a subway station was performed. Algorithm for passenger flow analysis based on DEM(Discrete Element Method) has been improved to simulate passenger flow in detailed geometry. The effect of grid density was assessed in the present study to show the advantage of using finer grid in the simulation. The method of coupling passenger flow and fire simulation has also been investigated to analyze passenger evacuation flow under fire. In this method the CO distributions in the subway station was used to assess fire hazards of passenger by means of FED(Fractional Effective Dose) model. Using the coupled algorithm a simulation for passenger evacuation flow and fire analysis were performed simultaneously in the simplified subway station. This algorithm could be used in the design of subway station for the purpose of passengers' safety in case of fire.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.483-495
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• 2010

The passenger pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius) was a species of pigeon that was once the most common bird in North America. According to some ornithologists, the number of passenger pigeons is estimated as many as five to six billions at the time when the first Europeans arrived there. But this species became extinct in 1914. There were a multiplicity of causes in the extinction; first, the extension of telegraph lines and railroads into the Middle West of the USA beginning in 1850s, second, the loss of vast feeding, nesting, and roosting sites of the passenger pigeon due to the massive deforestation, third, the rapid population growth of the USA during nineteen century, fourth, the commercial exploitation of the species, and finally, the infirm and weak protective efforts. Some important lessons can be learned from the extinction of the passenger pigeon. First, it shows how much critical the public interest is for a successful conservational movement. Second, it illustrates the need for strong laws and practices in the protection of an endangered species from going extinct. Third, the fate of the passenger pigeon proves a very important principle in conservational biology. That is, for each species (bird or other animal) there is a minimum population to sustain the species. Ecologists generally believe that the extinction of the passenger pigeon was due to the loss of their numbers below the minimum owing to overexploitation.

• Special Issue of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• 2007.09a
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• pp.14-21
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• 2007

A passenger ship is consist of five(5) constituents; passenger, sea, crew, port and ship itself and the rule & regulation which is applicable to passenger ship are differently required as their objects of constituents. the basic concept of rule & regulation can be defined all activities to keep safety of ship and her constituents. Especially, the rule & regulation for passenger ship design and construction shall be considered not only safety of ship itself but also safety of lives, so its are required more severe than commercial vessel. Recently, the IMO have finished the rule making work on the 'passenger ship safety' since it has been discussed last 2000 and next MSC meeting will be adopted the results. In this paper, the application method of rule & regulation are treated and the new rule which were made by IMO are introduced. The rule & regulation for passenger ship is one of the most important things. therefore, it is required to careful consideration to apply on the rule application.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.88-97
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• 2020

In the past 20 years, passenger and cargo transportation performance at the international passenger ports in Korea have increased by 8.6% on the compound annual growth rate, respectively. The Korean government had expected to continue expanding the market of car ferries and the government included plans for the development of additional routes and lanes with neighboring countries such as China, J apan, and Russia as a part of the Plan of the Korean Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries in 2019. However, compared to the development of routes, the management and operation of passenger terminals are inefficient. The purpose of this paper was to introduce the overall improvement of the passenger terminal operating system that reflects the recent changes in the supply and demand of international passenger vessels and the needs of the government and private sector passengers. To this end, a basic survey was conducted on the status of operations and facilities at the Busan International P assenger Terminal and a questionnaire survey was administered on the subject of use. The results of the survey were analyzed using the IPA model. As a result of the analysis, three items in the operation sector, three items in the facility sector, and four items in the system sector of the Busan International Passenger Terminal were identified as in need of improvement. Based on the results, the need for investment to improve the international passenger terminal operating system is suggested.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.95-104
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• 2018

Using network betweenness centrality we attempt to analyze the characteristics of Seoul metropolitan subway lines. Betweenness centrality highlights the importance of a node as a transfer point between any pairs of nodes. This 'transfer' characteristic is obviously of paramount importance in transit systems. For betweenness centrality, both traditional betweenness centrality measure and weighted betweenness centrality measure which uses monthly passenger flow amount between two stations are used. By comparing traditional and weighted betweenness centrality measures of lines characteristics of passenger flow can be identified. We also investigated factors which affect betweenness centrality. It is the number of passenger who get on or get off that significantly affects betweenness centrality measures. Through correlation analysis of the number of passenger and betweenness centrality, it is found out that Seoul metropolitan subway system is well designed in terms of regional distribution of population. Four measures are proposed which represent the passenger flow characteristics. It is shown they do not follow Power-law distribution, which means passenger flow is relatively evenly distributed among stations. It has been shown that the passenger flow characteristics of subway networks in other foreign cities such as Beijing, Boston and San Franciso do follow power-law distribution, that is, pretty much biased passenger flow traffic characteristics. In this study we have also tried to answer why passenger traffic flow of Seoul metropolitan subway network is more homogeneous compared to that of Beijing.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.365-366
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• 2022

This study investigated and analyzed the perceptions of passengers on various topics related to passenger ship operation by targeting the passengers (passenger ship consumers) at the coastal passenger terminals in three regions, Incheon, Mokpo, and Tongyeong, where many coastal passenger ships operate in Korea. . The survey period was from October 1 to October 11, 2019, just before the outbreak of Corona 19, and the number of samples was 277 The analysis was divided into two elements. As a result of the analysis, for items that both islanders and the general public did not respond to more than 50% positively, a more in-depth review of policies and fare policies for transportation-disabled facilities through comprehensive fare evaluation such as the excellence of transportation-disabled facilities, the appropriateness of fares, and the appropriateness of fare guidance. was found to be necessary. It is expected that this study will be able to prepare for re-opening after COVID-19 and be used in public transportation policy.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05b
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• pp.3197-3202
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• 2007

An analysis program for pedestrian flow has been developed to investigate the flow patterns of passenger in railway stations. Analysis algorithms for pedestrian flow based on DEM(Discrete Element Method) are newly developed. There are lots of similarity between particle-laden two phase flow and passenger flow. The velocity component of 1st phase corresponds to the unit vector of calculation cell, each particle to passenger, volume fraction to population density and the particle velocity to the walking velocity, etc. And, the walking velocity of passenger is also represented by the function of population density. Key algorithms are developed to determine the position of passenger, population density and numbering to each passenger. By using the developed program, we compared the simulation results of the effects of the location and size of exit and elapsed time.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.1563-1571
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• 2011

In the commercial trains, there are monitors hung on the ceiling which simply display broadcasted contents so a passenger in a cabin has only one choice of passively watching them or not. To lead the application of IT in railway, keep a passenger from tedious journey, or help a passenger having a productive time, an MCS(Multimedia Contents System) was analyzed, designed, and implemented. A passenger can select and use a content from a smart terminal that is attached at the passenger's seat. A smart terminal is one that has its own memory and processor to handle informations and interact with a user. In this paper, the contents, such as train schedule, transfer information, traveling information, e-book, TV, music, and game, that the MCS can provide were introduced. To validate the applicability of the MCS on a next generation high-speed train, a testing environment will be set on a pre-production car and tested. The successful installation of the MCS will boost up the competitive power of the next generation train in the world market.