• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.62-65
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• 2011

Characteristics of the pressure drop in an expanded bed have been compared to those in a packed bed for numerical study of the interphase drag in gas-particle flows. A numerical analysis of the pressure drop by the particle drag has been conducted according to the tube-to-particle diameter ratios and Reynolds numbers for comparison. As the tube-to-particle diameter ratios increase at the same Reynolds number, the pressure drop tends to converge. It has been confirmed that characteristics of the pressure drop in the expanded bed are similar to those in the packed bed.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 1995

The effect of particle size of raw material on the field of extract and changes in composition of Ssang Wha Tang was investigated during manufacturing. As the size of particle was decreased the yield was increased. The yield of extract increased as much as double times as the diameter of the particle decreased from 10 m to 1 m. But the composition of extract was not varied much as the diameter of the particle differed. From these results, it is concluded that cutting method affects the productivity of Ssang Wha Tang.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.32 no.11
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• pp.824-831
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• 2008

We present a continuous size-dependent particle separator using a negative dielectrophoretic (DEP) virtual pillar array. Two major problems in the previous size-dependent particle separators include the particle clogging in the mechanical sieving structures and the fixed range of separable particle sizes. The present particle separator uses the virtual pillar array generated by negative DEP force instead of the mechanical pillar array, thus eliminating the clogging problems. It is also possible to adjust the size of separable particles since the size of virtual pillars is a function of a particle diameter and applied voltage. At an applied voltage of 500 kHz $10\;V_{rms}$ (root mean sqaure voltage) sinusidal wave and a flow rate of $0.40\;{\mu}l\;min^{-1}$, we separate $5.7\;{\mu}m$-, $8.0\;{\mu}m$-, $10.5\;{\mu}m$-, and $11.9\;{\mu}m$-diameter polystyrene (PS) beads with separation purity of 95%, 92%, 50%, and 63%, respectively. The $10.5\;{\mu}m$- and $11.9\;{\mu}m$-diameter PS beads have relatively low separation purity of 50% and 63%. However, at an applied voltage of $8\;V_{rms}$, we separate $11.9\;{\mu}m$-diameter PS beads with separation purity over 99%. Therefore, the present particle separator achieves clog-free size-dependent particle separation, which is capable of size tuning of separable particles.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.20 no.3 s.57
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• pp.17-26
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• 2005

Many researches were focused on the data which obtained from chemical bulk analysis. It is difficult to evaluate source contribution by wet type chemical bulk analysis. In this study, we have reviewed the characterization of individual particle for source identification. We analyzed by SEM/EDX methods. We have obtained average geometric particle diameter measured by optical diameter which were resulted from SEM/EDX image scan, representative physical diameter of individual particle was $3.38\;{\mu}m\;in\;A,\;3.67\;{\mu}m\;in\;B$. In the result of image analysis at each spots particles, both samples non-sphere shapes, C-rich particles. In consequence of chemical analysis of individual particle, each sampling sites some elements.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1994.07b
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• pp.1295-1297
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• 1994

At 34 at% Co-Fe, the aluminum anodic oxidized (alumite) films of particle diameter $150{\AA}$ have large perpendicular anisotropy energy and high coercive force. However, for the samples of particle diameter larger than $450{\AA}$, the bottom of each particle forms abnormal part called branch-shaped different from that of particle diameter $150{\AA}$. In this case the magnetic anisotropy energy Ku was about zero at the compositions of 45 and 75 at% Co. Furthermore, at tile compositions from 50 to 70 at% Co, the values of Ku became negative value. We confirmed that Fe-C deposited the bottom of particle orients very strongly and it has a large influence upon the magnetic anisotropy energy.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.165-178
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• 2000

In this study the effects of block distance have been investigated on the particle deposition efficiency in the collecting cell of two-stage electrostatic precipitator by numerical analysis. Particle trajectories have been changed by the electrostatic and inertial force of particle with the inlet velocity electrostatic number and particle diameter. The total deposition efficiency has a minimum value by the interaction between the effect of particle inertial force and electrostatic force in the collecting cell. The increase of block distance makes the total deposition efficiency decrease under the range of the particle size which has the minimum deposition efficiency. However beyond the range of particle size which has minimum deposition efficiency total deposition efficiency has no trend with the variation of block distance.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.12a
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• pp.85-88
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• 2005

Experimental study has been conducted to evaluate characteristics of particle laden flows at the ratio of channel diameter to particle diameter (B = 14.9, 21.6 and 55). Particle velocities and radial concentrations are obtained using a microscope Nd:YAG laser and cooled CCD camera. Results show that there are relative velocities between the fluid and the particles at B = 14.9. It is also observed that the particles are accumulated at r=$0.5\∼0.82R$, with R being tile tube radius, and particle migration occurs at small Reynolds number, by comparing with the results obtained in macro scale. This gives optimal factors for designing microfluidic channels for cell or Particle separation, particle focusing, and so on.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 1992

Three cattle, a sheep and a goat were slaughtered to determine the distribution of digesta particles and mean size of digesta particles. Aliquot samples of digesta in the diverse sites of the digestive tracts were fractionated by a wet sieving technique. Fractionated particles were analyzed by the magnetic grid analyzer system constructed by authors. Results showed that the proportion of particles in digesta was similar among the omasum, abomasums cecum, colon and rectum, but that for the reticulo-ruminal digesta was different from the others. The pattern of the mass base frequency distribution of particles was also similar in the post-ruminal digesta. Average Heywood's diameter (the diameter equivalent to that of a circle with equal area to a projected area of a given particle) was about 1.2 mm in the reticulo-ruminal digesta and decreased to 0.65 mm for cattle or to about 0.35 mm for sheep and goat in the omasal digesta. Average Heywood's diameter was about the same in the post-ruminal digesta. It is concluded that mean particle size and particle distribution in digesta of the rectum or feces reflect those in digesta of the omasum.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.441-450
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• 2001

A three stage impactor with the cutoff diameters of 1, 2.5, and 10$\mu\textrm{m}$ in aerodynamic diameter was developed and tested. The gravimetric method and the particle counting method were utilized to evaluate the collection performance of each stage. A vibrating orifice aerosol generator was employed to generate monodisperse test aerosols larger that 2$\mu\textrm{m}$ in diameter. Polystyrene latex (PSL) particles smaller than 2$\mu\textrm{m}$ in diameter were generated by an atomizer and the particle number concentration was measured by an Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer. The experimental cutoff diameters obtained from the particle collection efficiency curves are in good agreement with the designed values. The square roots of Stokes number at 50% collection efficiency for stage 1, 2, and 3 are 0.42, 0.48, and 0.45, respectively. Effects of the particle bounce and the impaction plate on the collection efficiency were investigated. The collection efficiency curves including effect of the particle bounce were also compared with those of the MOUDI cascade impactor.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.54-59
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• 2014

Particle Image Velocimetry combined with developed image processing method is adopted to study the liquid-solid two phase flow in the centrifugal pump impeller with crystallization phenomenon. The tracer particle is used to follow the liquid phase, which has the diameter between 8 to $12{\mu}m$. The crystal particle precipitates from the sodium sulfate solution does change the wavelength of the laser, and which has great laser scattering characteristics. The diameter of the crystal particle is larger than $20{\mu}m$. Through calculating the diameter of the particles in the image, the tracer particle and the crystal particle can be distinguished. By analyzing the experimental result, the following conclusion has been obtained. During the delay period, there is not any crystal particle and the pump performance has not been changed. As the crystallization process begins, the crystal nuclei appears from the supersaturation solution and grows larger with temperature decreasing, which has the tendency of moving towards the pressure side. The characteristics of liquid-solid two phase flow with crystallization phenomenon in the pump are obtained according to analysis of experimental results, and some guiding advices are presented to mitigate the crystallization phenomenon in pump impeller.