• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.12a
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• pp.113-116
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• 2006

AC-electroosmosis is one of the electrokinetic forces leading to phenomena peculiar in the microfluidics. This paper shows particle deformation in the microchannel with rectangular electrodes on the bottom wall for the AC-electroosmotic flows. We make a PDMS microchannnel with ITO electrodes To measure velocity distributions of the particles we used a three-dimensional particle tracking velocimetry (micro-PTV) technique this method is Particle tracking by interpolation the diffraction pattern ring diameter variations with the defocusing distances of base particle locations. we induce a function of frequency at the electrode. We find the velocity of particles is the most at the edge of the electrodes and Particles move to side wall or center of the channel for the bottom and middle.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.650-658
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• 1997

Analysis and control of intake charge motion such as swirl and tumble are very important factors in improving the gasoline engine performance. In this paper, single-frame PTV (particle tracking velocimetry) is used to investigate intake tumble patterns in a steady flow test rig of gasoline engine with dual-intake-valve and pent-roof combustion chamber. Intake tumble pattern is quantified in accordance with blockage ratio of TIV (tumble intensifying valve) with single- frame PTv.The view of the instantaneous 2-D velocity field gives a realistic understanding of in-cylinder flow field. Thus it is confirmed that PTV is a effective tool in engine design. In conventional port, two tumble structures appear clearly, and the larger one is observed under the exhaust valve side and the smaller is right below the intake valve side. The larger vorticity is observed in TIV port, thus it is concluded that TIV have an effect on intensified tumble motion in cylinder flow.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.30 no.10 s.253
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• pp.929-934
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• 2006

The digital HPTV(holographic particle tracking velocimetry) velocity field measurement system consists of four steps: recording, numerical reconstruction, particle extraction and velocity extraction. In the velocity extraction process, we improved the two frame PTV algorithm to extract 3-D displacement information of each particle located in 3D space. Because a digital CCD camera was used, some factors such as spatial resolution, numerical aperture, and particle concentration influenced on the performance of the developed digital HPTV. Especially, the particle concentration $(C_o)$ affected the reconstruction efficiency and recovery ratio in the numerical reconstruction and particle extraction procedure. In this paper, the effect of particle concentration reconstruction efficiency and recovery ratio were analyzed experimentally. Optimal particle concentration was found to be in the range of $C_o=11{\sim}17\;particles/mm^3$.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.108-115
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• 2002

The fundamental mechanism of a dispersed two-phase flow was investigated. Experiments were carried out to understand how the particles behaves under the influence of the particle size, shape, metamorphoses (bubble) and buoyancy of a single particle which is ascending from the standstill water. Two CCD cameras were employed for image processing of the behavior of the particles and the surrounding flow, which was interpreted with the technique of correlation PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) and PTV (Particle Tracking Veloci- metry), respectively The experimental results showed that the large density difference bet- ween a particle and water caused high relative velocity and induced zigzag motion of the particle. Furthermore, the turbulence intensity of a bubble was about twice the case of the spherical solid particle of similar diameter.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.9-19
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• 2015

Experimental research on characteristics of particle-laden jet by using a coaxial injector was conducted in order to design fuel and oxidizer injectors of the supercavitation underwater vehicle. $1{\mu}m$ and $42{\mu}m$ particles was simultaneously injected to obtain particle and fluid velocity. Small particles($1{\mu}m$) and large particles represent fluid and fuel characteristics respectively. Small particles, which was processed using PIV algorithms, and one for the large particles processed using PTV algorithms. Fluid phase axial velocity increases according to particle loading ratio increases, and particles are located at the outside of the high vorticity region in a mixing layer of a coaxial injector.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.177-178
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• 2006

Digital holographic particle tracking velocimetry (HPTV) is developed by single high-speed camera and single continuous laser with long coherent length. This system can directly capture 4000 hologram fringe images for 1 second through a camera computer memory. The 3D particle location is made of the reconstruction by using a computer hologram algorithm. This system can successfully be applied to instantaneous 3D velocity measurement in the water flow inside a micro-tube. The average of 100 instantaneous velocity vectors is obtained by reconstruction and tracking with the time of evolution of recorded fringes images. In the near future, we will apply this technique to measure 3D flow information inside various micro structures.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.652-659
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• 1998

The present study is aimed to develop a new PIV operating software through optimization of vector tracking identification including versatile pre-processings and post-processing techniques. And the result exhibits an improved version corresponding various input and output multimedia compared to previous commercial software developed by other makers. An upgraded identification method called grey-level cross correlation coefficient method by direct calculation is suggested and related user-friendly pop-up menu are also represented. Post-processings comprising turbulence statistics are also introduced with graphic output functions.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.13-18
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• 1998

The practical use of the particle image velocimetry(PIV), a whole-field velocity measurement method, requires the use of fast, reliable, computer-based methods for tracking velocity vectors. The full search block matching, the most widely studied and applied technique both in area of PIV and Image Coding and Compression, is computationally costly. Many less expensive alternatives have been proposed mostly in the area of Image Coding and Compression. Among others, TSS, NTSS, HPM are introduced for the past PIV analysis, and found to be successful. But, these algorithms are based on small dynamic range, 7 pixels/frame in maximum displacement. To analyze the images with large displacement, Even and Odd field image separation and a simple version of multi-resolution hierarchical procedures are introduced in this paper. Comparison with other algorithms are summarized. A Results of application to the turbulent backward step flow shows the improvement of new algorithm.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.75-90
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• 2023

Turbulent wind flow over hilly terrains has been extensively investigated in the scientific literature and main findings have been included in technical standards. In particular, turbulent wind flow over nominally two-dimensional hills is often adopted as a benchmark to investigate wind turbine siting, estimate wind loading, and dispersion of particles transported by the wind, such as atmospheric pollutants, wind-driven rain, windblown snow. Windblown sand transport affects human-built structures and natural ecosystems in sandy desert and coastal regions, such as transport infrastructures and coastal sand dunes. Windblown sand transport taking place around any kind of obstacle is rarely in equilibrium conditions. As a result, the modelling of windblown sand transport over complex orographies is fundamental, even if seldomly investigated. In this study, the authors present a wind-sand tunnel test campaign carried out on a nominally two-dimensional sinusoidal hill. A first test is carried out on a flat sand fetch without any obstacle to assess sand transport in open field conditions. Then, a second test is carried out on the hill model to assess the sand flux overcoming the hill and the morphodynamic evolution of the sand sedimenting over its upwind slope. Finally, obtained results are condensed into a dimensionless parameter describing its sedimentation capability and compared with values resulting from other nominally two-dimensional obstacles from the literature.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.171-171
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• 2022

난류 수체에서 관성입자의 침강속도는 정지 수체에서보다 빠르고, 그 침강속도의 증가비율은 입자의 관성력과 난류의 길이 스케일에 큰 영향을 받는다고 알려져 있다(Wang and Maxey, 1993; Yang and Shy, 2003; Wang et al., 2018). 본 연구에서는 개수로 흐름에서 난류의 영향을 받는 관성입자의 침강속도를 측정하고, 정지 상태의 침강속도에 대한 침강속도의 증가비율과 난류 인자의연관성에 대해 조사하였다. 실험에 사용된 관성입자는 비중 1.35, 직경 300 ㎛에서 2000 ㎛까지의 구형 플라스틱(PE; polyethylene) 입자이며, 해당 입자들의 침강속도는 PTV(particle tracking velocimetry) 방식을 통해 측정하였다. 그리고 PIV(particle image velocimetry) 기법을 통해, 개수로 흐름의 난류 에너지 소산율(energy dissipation rate, ϵ)과 그에 따른 Kolomogorov 길이 스케일을 측정하였다. 실험 결과, 모든 직경 조건에서 플라스틱 입자는 난류 흐름에서의 침강속도가 정지 수체에서의 침강속도보다 빠름을 보였으며, 그 비율은 입자 직경이 난류의 길이 스케일과 유사하거나 작아질 때 큰 폭으로 증가하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 유체 내에서의 관성입자의 거동에 대한 이론식과 비교하여 관성입자의 침강에 미치는 여러 힘들의 상대적 관계를 파악하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 자연 수체에서 미세플라스틱의 거동을 이해하는데 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.