• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2017

This study aims to investigate the change in building density and residential environment after the reconstruction of decrepit public rental housing complexes formed in accordance with the Land Readjustment Project during the 1970s-80s. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: First, in terms of change in residential environment after the reconstruction, floor plans that were limited to two to four types and to small apartments measuring $42.9m^2$(13py)-$56.1m^2$ (17py) became varied, presenting 5-6 types of floor plans and various sizes of apartments. In particular, the reconstructed apartments were mainly built in a size smaller than 85($m^2$) and in the 3LDK floor plan and staircase-style unit architectural structure in order to reflect the lifestyle of residents. Second, in terms of change in building density after the reconstruction, the building coverage ratio did not change a lot, but the floor area ratio showed great change depending on the complex, ranging from a minimum of 2.9 times (Singdong Complex) to a maximum of 5.4 times (Eoyangdong Complex). Such change is attributable to the reconstruction policy that aims to improve the residential environment for original residents, secure economic feasibility and efficiency, and reflect the lifestyle of residents while incorporating dividends assigned to the existing housing project members as well as the maximum floor area ratio allowed by the regulation. Additionally, in terms of change in the number of floors and building density after the reconstruction, the former 5-story apartments were changed to apartments with 16-28 stories. Accordingly, the number of households in each complex has also increased by 20%. Third, according to the characteristics of parking facilities in terms of the size and density of parking spaces, former apartment complexes had only aboveground parking lots, not underground parking area. The newly constructed apartment complexes have underground parking space, and the parking-housing ratio is 1.1-1.3 cars.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.5D
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• pp.485-496
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• 2010

An increase in number of vehicles owned by individuals worsens the conditions of parking in residential areas. So to speak, the pedestrians' safety is seriously threatened by illegally parked vehicles on the residential area roads. As a result, the number of vehicle-to-pedestrian accidents has been increasing annually. Also, illegal parking on arterial roads is increasingly becoming common, especially by cooommercial trucks. However, no solution has been found to reduce or eliminate accidents caused by vehicles illegally parked on readside. The result of this study provides the solutions to enhance the safety of residential area roads and arterial roads, from viewpoints of both long-term and short-term, by collecting data about the status of illegal parking and addressing critical problems.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.52-62
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to develope an assessment method for parking lot remodeling alternative by adopting the asset management technique. In order to identify the Level of Service(LOS) and the Evaluation Measurement(EM), literatures was implemented which documented the consideration of parking lot plan, needs of the apartments' tenant, and various design standards. In addition, the authors conducted a three-time delphi survey for the identified 5 LOS and 19 EM to evaluate suitability and necessity of them and to collect additional opinion of experts. The LOS of parking lot were categorized into 5 areas such as Environmental effect and Convenience, Accessibility and so on. The 19 EM were determined to estimate the LOS quantitatively. The researchers analyzed the degree of importance of LOS and EM by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. But construction cost was excepted from the analysis, because it is used as an independent variable in alternative assessment. In conclusion, the authors proposed the estimation criteria for EM, and the method and process for alternative assessment be performed to benefit-cost analysis using the LOS variation and construction cost. The assessment method for parking lot remodeling alternative was demonstrated effective to assess the parking lot remodeling alternative by case-study. This study has a academic significance by adopting the asset management techniques in the area of the parking lot remodeling. And the assessment method is expected to help deciding a reasonable remodeling alternative of parking lot, as it ensures the diversity for remodeling of the parking lot and reflects the needs of the occupant.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.215-220
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to develope evaluating indicators for housing plan on slope-site. At first, housing plan elements were derived from existing studies, and then, the importance of elements were evaluated by expert group. AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) was used to calculate the weight of housing plan elements on slope-site. The results are as follows: 'building layout' is relatively important, and followed important elements are selected as 'pedestrian circulation' and 'parking plan', and then, detail elements for building layout, 'daylight', 'view', 'privacy' and 'using level' are all relatively important.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.97-106
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• 2000

In this study, we analyze space alternation, which is shown pre-development and post-development in the reconstruction apartment. We point out problems in terms of the city and dwelling environment, and in looking for drawing up a plan for improvement as well. As a result of our research, we offer some important observations and conclusions. Ourdoor space of the site after the reconstruction caused inconvenience to the residents due to the plan for high-storeys, high-density, And the building shape and arrangement provide changeable conditions form line figures to variable figures due to courtyard patterns. The courtyard space changes into a parking area ; therefore the outdoor site gives worse circumstances.

• Journal of recreation and landscape
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

This study is about the investigation of the walking environment of the First Experimental Elementary School in Shapingba District of Chongqing City and the Zaozilanya Elementary School in Yuzhong District and the analysis of the pedestrian's consciousness. The improvement plan is obtained by comparing and analyzing the walking environment around the school. The survey results are as follows. According to the survey results of the walking environment around the school, the sidewalks of the two schools are relatively narrow, and there are more pedestrians crossing the road. There is a phenomenon of parking in both schools. The phenomenon of parking in Zaozilanya Elementary School is even more serious. In investigating the most important elements of the school's pedestrian environment, the setting of the signpost, the setting of the crosswalk and signal lights, the setting of the fence, the setting of the vehicle's deceleration facilities, and the control of the school gate are all necessary. Therefore, in order to create a safe and comfortable improvement plan for the surrounding environment of the school, first of all, in the improvement of the facilities around the school, the setting of the fence, the setting of the speed bump, the improvement of the crosswalk and the signal light. Second, in terms of restrictions, the scope of protection around the school needs to be expanded, and restrictions on parking and restrictions on vehicle traffic need to be implemented. Third, in terms of education and publicity, it is not only necessary to provide safety guidance for students to go to school, but also to provide drivers with driving safety education and publicity.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.785-793
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• 2017

The guidelines for the district unit planning(DUP) of detached houses in the area of Misagangbyeon-City (MISA) do not consider the characteristics of the region. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the relationship between the blocks and parking lots of the detached houses area. The research results can be summarized as follows: 1) Detailed design guidelines are provided for apartment homes in MISA, but not for detached houses. 2) Apartment home and multi-family house parking lot equivaluation calculations exist in the DUP guidelines, however there are no regulations related to detached houses and the problem of parking for these residents is worsening which causes tension. 3) The DUP guidelines stipulate that the outer wall material of multi-family houses must be glass, however this is a dangerous material for use on the first floor, because cars that park close to this wall. 4) There is a significant risk to elementary and kindergarten students who must walk along the road in the inner blocks where cars are driving quickly. 5) There are a number of issues involved when planning parking lots without considering the characteristics of the area. The local government uses the traditional parking lot codes without considering the current regional characteristics, whereas the number of cars has dramatically increased. 6) The pedestrian mall is not currently being used for pedestrians, because it is full of parked cars due to the lack of parking space.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.47-54
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• 2005

The improvement of perspectives on dark and limited underground space could be an important factor in successful underground space development. The Current trend in the apartment underground parking garages requires not only quantitatively energy efficient design and operation but also qualitative improvement of the space. For this, we need to consider two factors: Firstly, to understand the characteristics of the lamps; Secondly, to improve the uniformity ratio of illuminance. In a winter season, a way to keep the uniformity and a method not to lower the indoor illuminance level by cold ambient air should be established. Therefore, a change in interval and arrangement of the lighting fixtures is required. Also, in their operations, the current time-fixed control method needs to be changed into the control which method considers the use pattern.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to consider activation methods of traditional markets in Jinju city through questionnaire and field survey. Research framework is summarized into two categories: physical environment and operation program. The results are as follows: 1) the gross profit on sales has been decreased continuously and the main causes of that have been recognized as insufficiency of parking lots and convenient facilities and deterioration of environment in spite of facilities modernization project; 2) consumers visited a traditional market because of proper price and reliance on goods, etc. However, they were not satisfied with the physical environment such as parking lots and resting spaces and the operation program such as cultural event and performance. In conclusion it was thought that activation methods of traditional market would be related to the improvement plan in the physical aspect such as parking lots, walkway, convenient and crime prevention facilities and in the operation program aspect such as cultural event, marketing, management consulting, information infrastructure, and delivery system.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.45-52
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• 2019

The most ordinary form of residential type in Korea is a plate-type apartment, and the common space in these apartment is attracting as an important factor for enhancing social exchanges among neighbors and forming community consciousness. In addition, it provides a sense of psychological security by enabling natural exchanges and communication in contemporary society. It is desirable to plan the flow of space in such a way that private, semi-private, semi-public, and public spaces are linked. Semi-private and semi-public spaces can be defined as common spaces. Semi-private spaces are strongly recognized in the order of unit household entrance, main entrance, elevator, corridor, staircase, playground, bench, trail, walkway and parking lot, exercise space, main/back gate, the ability to gratify is increased sense of belonging, ownership consciousness formation, defensive function. Semi-public space is strongly recognized in the order of playground, bench, exercise space, trail, main entrance, walkway and parking lot, unit household entrance, main/back gate, corridor, staircase, elevator, the ability to gratify is increase of social contact, Secondary activity space function. In addition, the function to gratify in the common space differs according to gender and age group among resident characteristics, and differs according to corridor type, parking lot type and main entrance type. Therefore, differentiated planning of common space is needed in consideration of these differences in the design of common space in future.