• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.233-240
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• 2002

In this paper, the effects of vehicle loads on flat slab system are investigated on the basis of the previous studies for beam-girder parking structural system. The influence surfaces of flat slab for typical design section are developed for the purpose of obtaining maximum member forces under vehicle loads. In addition, the equivalent vehicle load factors for flat slab parking structures are suggested using artificial neural network. The network responses are compared with the results by numerical analyses to verify the validation of Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm adopted as training method in this paper. Many parameter studies fur the flat slab structural system show dominant vehicle load effects at the center positive moments in both column and middle strips, like the beam-girder parking structural system.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.9-21
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• 2022

In this paper, we developed a 100% detection system for entering and leaving vehicles by improving the detection rate of existing detection cameras based on the LiDAR sensor, which is one of the core technologies of the 4th industrial revolution. Since the currently operating parking lot depends only on the recognition rate of the license plate number of about 98%, there are various problems such as inconsistency in the entry/exit count, inability to make a reservation in advance due to inaccurate information provision, and inconsistency in real-time parking information. Parking status information should be managed with 100% accuracy, and for this, we built a parking lot entrance/exit detection system using LIDAR. When a parking system is developed by applying the LIDAR sensor, which is mainly used to detect vehicles and objects in autonomous vehicles, it is possible to improve the accuracy of vehicle entry/exit information and the reliability of the entry/exit count with the detected sensing information. The resolution of LIDAR was guaranteed to be 100%, and it was possible to implement so that the sum of entering (+) and exiting (-) vehicles in the parking lot was 0. As a result of testing with 3,000 actual parking lot entrances and exits, the accuracy of entering and exiting parking vehicles was 100%.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.77
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• pp.67-72
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• 2007

ATMega8535 Controller is the ideal solution for use as a standard controller in many applications. The small compact size combined with easy program updates and modifications, make it ideal for use in machinery and control systems, such as alarms, card readers, real-time monitoring applications and much more. This board is ideal as the brains of your robot or at the center of your home-monitoring system. Today, most drivers must use a parking place day by day. Therefore we make time shorten. Using above-mentioned ATmega8535, a sensor of infrared rays, led and lcd, we will make a parking system which is able to display parking situation and lead a car at the best position of Parking easily and quickly. Trying this project, we will be more closer to practical application of electronic engineering bit by bit.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.199-203
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• 2011

The wireless sensor network (WSN) based on ad hoc network is applied to vehicle parking guide system without parking guide man at area or building with large scale of parking lots. The optimum number of cluster heads was derived for getting the minimum power consumption as well as time delay. Through the theoretical analysis of power consumption and time delay with the number of cluster heads in wireless sensor network, it was found that there exists the minimum point in the variation of power consumption and time delay according to the number of cluster heads.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

The parking guidance system can increase driver's convenience with detailed parking information service, but it continuously consumes electrical energy with large amount of sensors, displays and control modules. With the increase of the demand for green and sustainable building design, it becomes a meaningful issue for parking guidance system to reduce operating power. This paper presents the preliminary design and estimated results of a parking guidance system which is optimized to reduce the power consumption mainly on detectors and displays. The system design is based on commercial wireless parking detectors, wireless-loop-detector and earth-magnetic-detector. We have performed system architecture design, communication network design, parking information service scenario planning, battery life regulation and at last operating power estimation. With the 7 years of battery replace cycle, the estimated result for power consumption of designed system was 0.33W/slot, which is 13% of the traditional system's estimation result. The estimated annual maintain cost was similar to the traditional ultrasonic sensor based system's. The low power operable designed system can be expected to reduce CO2 emission.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.294-302
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• 2004

In this study, we developed the inverter system to control Induction motor for the vertically circulation parking facility. In the case of calling a pallet, a car parking space, we basically stoned conventional system's problems, pallet is uncontrollable to the fixed position and braking system was worn by forcer braking with remaining speed. Also, by appling to converter controller, added to power regenerative control function, we confirmed the reduce of power supply capacity and the energy saving effect according to increasing operation frequency. The validity of this system is verified by 55kw induction motor driving system. Via this study, the proposed system shows the efficient use of parking facility and good operation characteristics by implementing position and speed control effectively on condition of load and shows energy saying effect by power factor control for the vertically circulation parking facility operation.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.60-64
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• 2006

This system constructs system devoted to what supplement that I follow at an installation interval of attribute quotient repeater of a thing devoted wireless communication device gaining position information, and range of information is limited. A parking lot management system constructed a database of parking information, and the database information was planned so that there was the number of to easily offer client and an Administrator. There is a sensor in several to perceive a vehicle about adhesion in a radio communication device installed in a parking lot and covers, and hits data after parking to a server and transmits base information. The Administrator program that I verified an information treatment of the server parking management database that I did wireless hand phone emulator J2MEWTK with client and verified working together of a server, and was understood by a transfer of, parking information, and was devoted to a, server and an Administrator offered the menu screen which was easy for a user convenience and management.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.155-165
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• 2014

This study measured and compared the variation of ventilation rate and fan energy consumption according to various control strategies after installing wireless sensor-based pilot ventilation system in order to verify the applicability of demand-controlled ventilation (DCV) strategy that was efficient ventilation control strategy for underground parking lot. The underground parking lot pilot ventilation system controlled the ventilation rate by directly or indirectly tracking the traffic load in real-time after sensing data, using vehicle detection sensors and carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) sensor. The ventilation system has operated for 9 hours per a day. It responded real-time data every 10 minutes, providing ventilation rate in conformance with the input traffic load or contaminant level at that time. A ventilation rate of pilot ventilation system can be controlled at 8 levels. The reason is that a ventilation unit consists of 8 high-speed nozzle jet fans. This study proposed vehicle detection sensor based demand-controlled ventilation (VDS-DCV) strategy that would accurately trace direct traffic load and CO sensor based demand-controlled ventilation (CO-DCV) strategy that would indirectly estimate traffic load through the concentration of contaminants. In order to apply DCV strategy based on real-time traffic load, the minimum required ventilation rate per a single vehicle was applied. It was derived through the design ventilation rate and total parking capacity in the underground parking lot. This is because current ventilation standard established per unit floor area or unit volume of the space made it difficult to apply DCV strategy according to the real-time variation of traffic load. According to the results in this study, two DCV strategies in the underground parking lot are considered to be a good alternative approach that satisfies both energy saving and healthy indoor environment in comparison with the conventional control strategies.

• 한국ITS학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.141-144
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• 2010

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.219-226
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• 2010

Recently most parking control systems provide customers with various services, but most of the services are just the extension of parking spaces, automatic parking control system and so on. It is essential to use the satisfaction degree as the extent that customer are satisfied with parking control system to improve the quality of the system services and diversify the system services. The degree of satisfaction is different from customer to customer in same condition and can be represented as linguistic variables. In this paper, we present therefore a technique that quantify how much customer are satisfied with parking control system and fuzzy inference system architecture as a solution that can help us to make a efficient decision for these parking problems. In this architecture, inference engine using fuzzy logic compares context data with the rules in the fuzzy rule-based system, gets the sub-results, aggregates them and defuzzifies the aggregated result using MATLAB application programming to obtain crisp value. Fuzzy inference system architecture presented in this paper, can be used as a efficient method to analyze the satisfaction degree which is represented as fuzzy linguistic variables by human emotion. And it can be used to improve the satisfaction degree of not only parking system but also other service systems of various domains.