• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.37-50
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• 1986

A nutrition survey of 128 perschool children, 4 to 6 years old, in the Saemaul Youlgok day care center, located in one uplane, overpolulated, poor area of the city of Seoul, sponsered by the Korean Red Cross Society, was undertaken between August 21 and 31, 1984, to investigate dietary and nutritional status. RESULTS: Mean values of height, weight, arm circumference, girth of chest, and head circumference ranged from 95 to 100% of KIST mean. However, 4.8~14.2% of the subjects were assessed as undernourished in terms of 'weight for height'. Mean hemoglobin vcalue was 12.1±0.7gm%, and mean hematocrit value was 38.5±2.2%; 4.1% of the subjects were proven to be anemic according to the criterion of hemoglobin established by the ICNND. Mean urinary urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio was 11.4±3.8. Regarding mean energy and nutrient intake, the following percentages had intakes below two-thirds of the 1985 RDAs: 28.8% of children, for protein; 48.8% of children, for iron; and 28.8% of children, for calcium. About 25% of children had vitamin A intake below one-third of the recommended allowance. Carbohydrate provided 71% of total energy intake; protein accounted for 13%; fat provided 16%. Energy intake was divided among breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks in a percentage ration of 19:26:21:34. The lunch, and snacks which were served at the day care center provided 36.5~79.1% of daily energy and nutrient intake. The survey clarified that the day care feding largely supplemented the inadequate dietary intakes of these young children at home. According to factor analysis of energy and nutrient intake, there were two factor groups : the first factor group, for energy, protein, carbohydrate, iron and niacin, mainly provided by grains; and the second factor group, for calcium, vitamin A, thamin, riboflavin and ascorbic acid, provided by vegetables, fruits, milk and milk products. The survey also revealed significant correlation coefficients between family factors such as family income, educational level of parents, and number of children; and dietary or nutritional status of the subjects.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.67-87
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• 1990

This study was designed with the purpose to analyze the bias and the factor structure of Need of Living and to clear the influence of related variables on Need on Living. The Degree of Importance(Di) and of sufficiency(Ds) of 65 indicators which were the constituent components of Need of Living and were extracted from the 51 preceeding studies was estimated by the 1084 samples including 614 urban and 470 rural residents through the questionaire. The indicators with higher Di and lower Ds than average were considered to show the high level of Need of Living. The main results are as follows; 1. Generally speaking, the level of Di was higher than that of Ds. Specially this was serious in the case of the indicators related with social-economic equity, employment, housing and environment. 2. Di level of the indicators such as physical health, judicial equality, the life of planned expenditure was highest. Specially the equity of income allocation was considered to be more important than the increase of income or asset itself. 3. Ds level of the indicators such as the life of plannel expenditure, the development of transportation and communication and the relationship between parents and children was highest, adn that of the use of leisure time, socialactivity, economic equality and social welfare was lowest. 4. Through the oblique rotation of Factor analysis, 12 factors were extracted (total eigen value 32.663, total variance 50.251%). Specially Factor 1 which was christened as the equality and development of social-economic life was related with 11 indicators and its common variance was 51.68%. 5. The rural residents, the lower income group and the lower educated group, who were told of being under disadvantage and unfair treatment of social-economic status, showed higher suffiency on the equity of income allocation, the freedom of living and expression, and judicial equality. 6. Generally speaking, the urban residents, the group under 39 years old, the higher educated group had more intensive Need of Living than the other groups.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.183-192
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• 2018

This research aims to investigate how factors such as individual, parental and social support influence the life satisfaction of adolescents. For the study, students living in Ganman and Ganbuk area of seoul were selected as research subject, and final analysis targets were 375 students. First, differences between groups were analyzed as following; the higher average values were presented on groups with higher grade and subjective economic level than normal. Second, it was evident that self-esteem for individual factors and autonomous-control for parental factors had positive correlation on the satisfaction of adolescent's life, whereas problematic factor had negative correlation. Based on these results, this study propose policies that can be applied in the field of social welfare practice in order to enhance the satisfaction of adolescents' life and seek intervention plans.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.461-472
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the current status and condition of children's playgrounds in K which parents recognize as in Gyeonggi-do and provide basic data for the qualitative environment for daily outdoor play of young Children. To do so, a survey of 269 parents living in Gyeonggi-do was conducted and reconstructed based on the advanced research related to outdoor play. Also it was evaluated and revised after consultation with 3 children education specialists. The repossessed questionaries were frequency-analyzed with SPSS 20.0 program. The result of the analysis on outdoor playgrounds is in the following. First of all, it was analyzed that parents required 1 or 2 hours for their children to play outdoors in a type of "forest playgrounds." Moreover, they said that it was really important for the children to feel "interesting and funny" during the outdoor play, and they recognized that the play would be helpful for the children's socialization. However, they felt that a risk factor of the outdoor play was "a vehicle risk in streets." Secondly, the study suggested that there were outdoor playgrounds around parents' houses, and a type of the outdoor play was "a playground installed in the apartment complex." Furthermore, most of the parents weren't satisfied with the outdoor play because the apartment neglected the management of the playgrounds, and there were no playing facilities that were good enough to derive children's curiosity and adventurous spirit. The result also showed that most of the children played outdoors with "their mothers," and they participated in indoor activities, especially playing a game or watching TV rather than outdoor activities after attending a children educational institute. Lastly, when it comes to areas of outdoor play to be improved, it was necessary to "expand playgrounds that children can use for each season," build "safe playgrounds" for a type of the outdoor play," provide "playing spaces" for a spatial type, and "control vehicles around the playgrounds and deal with dangerous things" to prevent safety accidents. The result can expand the understanding of outdoor play for Young Children and offer discussions about the relevant organizations and studies.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.63-73
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• 2012

Development of antiviral resistance to lamivudine is the most important factor for the treatment failure. It is necessary to establish proper guidelines to overcome drug resistance for children with chronic hepatitis B. Primary treatment with lamivudine should be considered if patients are in immune-clearance phase and have persistently elevated ALT levels more than twice the upper limit of normal value. Before initiating the therapy, careful consideration of the patient's status is required to exclude abnormal liver function tests due to other causes. The treatment option should be carefully decided to suppress the viral replication effectively. To obtain good compliance, clinicians should educate patients and their parents. Appropriate monitoring for virologic breakthrough and genotypic resistance is important in deciding to change the treatment plan. Sequential monotherapy should be avoided and a combination of drugs in other categories is recommended. New antiviral agents, such as entecavir and tenofovir, which have high potency and high genetic barrier, are soon expected to be available for use with children.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.279-284
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to propose the baseline data for the development of a stress measurement tool for primary school students. The data were collected from 650 students from four primary schools in the Chon-buk area from April 1 to May 30, 1995. Through a pretest and literature review a questionaire was designed with 57 stressors experienced by school children in daily life. Reliability of the tool was tested by a Cronbach's alpha and the result was ${\alpha}=.9137$. Factor analysis was applied to organize the 57 items together. As the result, 8 factors were obtained and these factors explained 40% of the variance. The 8 factors were: 1) Life events related to family, 2) Conflict related to friend & senior or junior, 3) Educational attitude of parents, 4) Own personality, 5) School life events, 6) Scolding by teacher and parent, 7) Conflict with interpersonal relationship, and 8) Change of situation.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.257-270
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to explore the differences of decision making in farming settlement and to analyze attributes for vocational decision making of rural youth. The study was carried out by literature review and questionnaire. To analyze vocational decision making of rural youth, the data were collected from 196 rural youth by stratified random sampling. The SPSSWIN/ver10 was used for analyzing data with frequency, percentage, t-test ANOVA and factor analysis. The major findings of this study were as follows; 1) Rural youth decided to become farmers at the middle and high school stage for farming succession and eco-friendly life orientation. 2) Youth parents were the major source of influence on their rural youth to settle in farming. 3) Rural youth with high economic status, upper academic achievement and university graduation showed higher autonomous decision making and lower heteronomous decision making. 4) Rural youth with low economic status and low academic achievement showed unstable vocational decision making. 5) The study suggested that rural youth with unstable decision making should get more educational opportunities and supports.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.10 s.200
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• pp.23-38
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• 2004

This study firstly investigated the relationships of children's social competence with the relevant factors such as mother's parental role satisfaction and parenting behaviors and secondly analyzed if parenting behaviors function as mediators. The subjects were 1865-year-old children and their mothers. The results showed that children's social competence was related to the children's sex, health, and mother's academic career. Children's social competence was influenced by the relation satisfaction between parents and children, the role conflict between wife and husband, the mother s warm-hearted and rational parenting, and the wife's satisfaction of her husband's support. The mother's warm-hearted and rational parenting functioned as a mediator(intermediary factor) between the children's social competence and the mother's parental role satisfaction.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.89-98
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• 1995

The present study explored a factor, social support, that could mediate the relationship between negative life events and behavioral problems during adolescence. It was hypothesized that social support from parents, peers, and teachers would be an effective mediator between negative life events and delinquent behavior. Data were collected from 161 of the 9th graders in a high school in a coastal community of Oregon. A series of path analyses using regression techniques was used to examine the research hypotheses. Results indicated that social support mediated the relationship between negative life events and delinquent behavior, implying the importance of social support from family, peers, and school in preventing delinquent behavior among adolescents. That is, negative life events were found to exert influence indirectly upon delinquent behavior through its direct effect on social support. Results were discussed in relation to the effects of negative life events on social support and delinquent behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.8
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• pp.107-121
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• 2002

This study investigates the factors associated with adolescent females' sexual behavior. Results from 390 adolescent females reveal that dating atmosphere was the strongest and the most influential risk factor predicting adolescent females sexual behavior, which has been a neglected variable in the research of adolescent sexual behavior. Age and similarity of sexual attitude with her dating partner, in addition to the dating experience had very significant impacts on highly sexually experienced adolescent females' sexual behavior. Adolescent females with low sexual experiences were significantly affected by similarity of sexual attitude with dating partner, siblings, and peers, her own attitude, age, and dating atmosphere. The findings from this study also indicate that parental supervision, dating atmosphere, respondent's sexual attitude, love for partner, and communication with parents on sexual issues were significant factors for determining adolescent females' sexual involvement.