• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2001.11a
• /
• pp.81-84
• /
• 2001

A real time optimization algorithm for fed-batch cultures of recombinant yeast to determine the optimal substrate feed rate profile has been developed. Its development involved four key steps: (1) development of reliable adaptive model. (2) development of optimization algorithm. (3) design of on-line model update algorithm to be incorporated into the optimization algorithm and (4) experimental validation. A recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae producing human parathyroid hormone (hPTH) was chosen as the model strain. It was found to be very successful in maintaining cell growth and galactose consumption at leigh levels, thus resulting in significant improvements in the productivity (up to 2.1 times) and intact hPTH concentration (up to 1.5 times) compared with the case of an intermittent glucose and galactose, or galactose feeding.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.230-235
• /
• 2007

In the early neonatal period, the neonate is challenged by the loss of the placental calcium transport and manifests a quick transition, from an environment in which PTHrP plays an important role to a PTH- and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-controlled neonatal milieu. Disturbances in mineral homeostasis are common in the neonatal period, especially in premature infants and infants who are hospitalized in an intensive care unit. In many cases these disturbances are thought to be exaggerated responses to the normal physiological transition from the intrauterine environment to neonatal independence. Some disturbances in calcium and phosphate homeostasis are the result of genetic defects, which in many instances can now be identified at the molecular level. Although fetus develop remarkably normally in the presence of maternal calcium, PTH and vitamin D deficiency, the neonates demonstrate abnormalities that are consequences of the prior abnormal maternal calcium homeostasis. Evaluation and management of hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia in neonate requires specific knowledge of perinatal mineral physiology and the unique clinical and biochemical features of newborn mineral metabolism.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.547-553
• /
• 2001

This study was designed to observe the change of body composition and nutrient metabolites and the excretion of minerals during complete fasting for 10 days in thirty women. Average loss of body weight was 7.98kg and body fat was gradually reduced after 9 days fasting, but the loss of lean body mass was reduced after 7 days fasting. Serum glucose level was sustained at constant level, but serum levels of blood urea nitrogen, free acid and $\beta$-hydroxybutyrate were significantly increased during fasting but decreased after re-feeding. Urinary excretions of 3-methylhistidine, total creatinine, and urea were high in the beginning of fasting but gradually decreased. Serum level of parathyroid hormone was significantly reduced by fasting but regained after re-feeding. Serum level of minerals was at the constant level throughout the experimental period. The urinary excretion of minerals(Ca, K, Mg, P) was significantly increased in the early stage of fasting and then reduced from 7 days, but the excretion of Zn was continuously increased until the late stage of fasting. These results showed that amino acid fatty acid released from the breakdown of muscle protein and body fat, respectively, were utilized for energy during fasting. Body weight and BMI were reduced because of the increased muscle protein breakdown and body water excretion during early stage of fasting, but the significant body fat loss was after 9 days fasting. Therefore, it could be suggested to fast for longer than 10 days if the reduction of body fat was planned by fasting, and recommed to exercise and ingest more vitamins and minerals to replace the excreted minerals during fasting. (Korean J Nutrition 34(5) : 547~553, 2001)

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.18-22
• /
• 2017

Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1b (PHP 1b) is the result of end organ resistance to parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the absence of any features of Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy. There are two subtypes of PHP 1b with different genetic mechanisms. One subtype is related to a maternally derived 3kb microdeletion involving STX 16 gene, and is inherited in an autosomal dominant mode. Familial autosomal dominant inheritance of PHP 1b is relatively rare. The other subtype is associated with more extensive loss of imprinting at the GNAS locus that affects at least one additional differential methylated (hypermethylation at neuroendocrine secretory protein and hypomethylation at antisense transcript and or extra-large stimulatory G protein region) without microdeletion of the STX 16 or AS gene. It can be sporadic due to an imprinting defect in the GNAS gene. In our case, an 8-year-old girl was referred for suspected PHP with no feature of Albright hereditary osteodystrophy. Blood test results revealed hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia. Elevated PTH was also checked. There was no family history of endocrine or developmental problem. Her intelligence was normal, but she had inferior sociability at that time. Based on above, we diagnosed a rare case of paternal uniparental disomy of the long arm of chromosome 20 as the cause of PHP 1b by microsatellite marker test of chromosome 20.

• Endocrinology and Metabolism
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.485-492
• /
• 2018

Background: Increasing evidence supports interplay between aldosterone and parathyroid hormone (PTH), which may aggravate cardiovascular complications in various heart diseases. Negative structural cardiovascular remodeling by primary aldosteronism (PA) is also suspected to be associated with changes in calcium levels. However, to date, few clinical studies have examined how changes in calcium and PTH levels influence cardiovascular outcomes in PA patients. Therefore, we investigated the impact of altered calcium homeostasis caused by excessive aldosterone on cardiovascular parameters in patients with PA. Methods: Forty-two patients (mean age $48.8{\pm}10.9$ years; 1:1, male:female) whose plasma aldosterone concentration/plasma renin activity ratio was more than 30 were selected among those who had visited Severance Hospital from 2010 to 2014. All patients underwent adrenal venous sampling with complete access to both adrenal veins. Results: The prevalence of unilateral adrenal adenoma (54.8%) was similar to that of bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. Mean serum corrected calcium level was $8.9{\pm}0.3mg/dL$ (range, 8.3 to 9.9). The corrected calcium level had a negative linear correlation with left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD, ${\rho}=-0.424$, P=0.031). Moreover, multivariable regression analysis showed that the corrected calcium level was marginally associated with the LVEDD and corrected QT (QTc) interval (${\beta}=-0.366$, P=0.068 and ${\beta}=-0.252$, P=0.070, respectively). Conclusion: Aldosterone-mediated hypercalciuria and subsequent hypocalcemia may be partly involved in the development of cardiac remodeling as well as a prolonged QTc interval, in subjects with PA, thereby triggering deleterious effects on target organs additively.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.149-157
• /
• 2009

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the effects of Cheunggyeongsamul-tang extract on the growth of longitudinal bone in adolescent female rats. Methods : Longitudinal bone growth was measured by fluorescent microscopy. To examine the effects on the growth plate metabolism, the total height of growth plate, the induction of local insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), IGF-1 receptor, bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), BMPR-1A, indian hedgehog (IHH), and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTH-rP) were measured. Results : Cheunggyeongsamul-tang extract enhanced longitudinal bone growth and total height of the growth plate. Also, it promoted the induction of local IGF-1, BMP-2, IHH and PTH-rP of the growth plate. Conclusions : This study shows that the Cheunggyeongsamul-tang extract effects longitudinal bone growth in adolescent rats and might be used for both stunted adolescents and inherent growth failure patients.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.309-317
• /
• 2009

As far as we know, there were no studies of the effect of L-arginine on bone metabolism in post-menopausal women or ovariectomized rats. The primary objective of the current study was to determine whether arginine supplementation was associated with alterations in femoral and spinal bone mineral density (BMD) and bone markers in ovariectomized (Ovx) rats. Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups, Ovx and sham groups, which were each randomly divided into two subgroups that were fed control and arginine supplemented diet. All rats were fed on experimental diet and deionized water ad libitum for 9 weeks. Bone formation was measured by serum osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations. Bone resorption was measured by deoxypyridinoline (DPD) crosslinks immunoassay and corrected for creatinine. Serum osteocalcin, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin were analyzed using radioimmunoassay kits. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were measured using PIXImus (GE Lunar Co, Wisconsin, USA) in spine and femur. The serum and urine concentrations of Ca and P were determined. The plasma was analyzed for arginine. Diet did not affect weight gain, mean food intake, and plasma arginine concentration. Urinary Ca excretion was decreased by arginine supplementation in Ovx rats, but statistically not significant. The Ovx rats fed arginine-supplemented diet were not significantly different in ALP, osteocalcin, crosslinks value, PTH, calcitonin and IGF-1 compared to those fed control diet. The arginine-supplemented group had significantly higher serum Ca and growth hormone than control group. Spine and femur BMD were significantly increased by arginine supplementation on 5th and 9th weeks after feeding. Our findings indicate that dietary L-arginine supplementation decreased bone mineral density loss in Ovx rats. Therefore, dietary arginine supplementation may represent a potentially useful strategy for the management of osteoporosis.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.49 no.4
• /
• pp.337-344
• /
• 2017

To date, no clear threshold that has been established for defining an adequate store of vitamin D for bone health. Therefore, this study aims to determine the required level of vitamin D to maintain a healthy skeleton based on bone remodelling process among healthy adult population. This was a cross sectional study, involving a healthy adult population in Kota Bharu, Malaysia, aged 18~50 years. We measured serum 25(OH)D (vitamin D), serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX), and Procollagen 1 Intact N-Terminal (P1NP) in 120 healthy adults selected via multi stage sampling (64 males, 56 females) from 6 subdistricts in Kota Bharu. The mean level of 25(OH)D was 23.50 (${\pm}8.74$) nmol/L. There was a significant difference of the vitamin D level between genders ($26.81{\pm}8.3nmol/L$ vs $19.72{\pm}7.68nmol/L$ in males and females respectively) (p value<0.001). More than 50% of female subjects had 25(OH)D less than 20 nmol/L, while only 20.3% of male subjects had 25(OH)D below 20 nmol/L. Based on the LOESS plot, the bone turnover markers showed a plateauing result, at the 25(OH)D level of 35 nmol/L for CTX and 20 nmol/L for P1NP. Contrastingly, PTH showed a step rise in the 25(OH)D level of 20 nmol/L. Based on the LOESS plot for CTX, P1NP and PTH versus 25(OH)D, level of vitamin D between 20 to 35 nmol/L is recommended to maintain healthy skeleton.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.67-74
• /
• 1995

The aim of this study was to investigate the interrelationship among urinary excretion dietary habit of Na, Ca intake and hormonal factors in 22 hypertensive and 30 normotensive hospitalized patients. The results were summarized as follows : 1. Urinary excretion of Na in normotensive patients was not significantly different from that of hypertensive patients, while Ca excretion(as expressed on the basis of mg of creatinine) was significantly higher in hypertensive patients. 2. Habitual dietary intake of Na, Ca in hypertensive patients were not significantly different from those of normotensive patients. 3. There were no significant differences in mean plasma renin activity, aldosterone and parathyroid hormone(PTH) level between two groups. However, systolic pressure significantly correlated with PTH(r=0.2597) and aldosterone level(r=0.24648)(P<0.05). In this study blood pressure did not show any significant relationship between urinary Na excretion and habitual dietary Na intake of Na. It is speculated that individual difference of Na sensitivity might result in heterogenous blood pressure response to dietary Na intake. Higher Ca excretion in hypertensive subjects suggested a future study on the interrelationship between Ca metabolism and aldosterone system in hypertension.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.183-198
• /
• 1998

This study was designed to investigate the peri-implant tissue reaction in ovariectomized osteoporotic female rats, and to evaluate effects of estrogen, calcitonin, parathyroid hormone on the bone - implant interface in osteoporotic rats. 120 Sprague - Dawley rats were used in this experiments. Osteoporosis was induced by bilateral ovariectomy. They were divided 5 groups : sham-operated control group(Sham), ovariectomized group (OVX), OVX and estrogen treated group (OVX+E), OVX and PTH treated group (OVX+PTH), and OVX and calcitonin treated group (OVX+CT). Eight weeks after ovariectomy, two titanium screw implants were inserted into the left tibia of each rat. Eight weeks after the insertion of the implants, the periotest values (PTV) of implant were examined, and the rats were sacrificed, and examined the reaction of bone tissue surrounding the implant both histologically and histomorphometrically. The bone density and ash weight of opposite right tibia were examined. Over 40 rats were fractured on left tibia that was implant inserted. On histologically finding, all groups were osseointegrated well, especially in OVX+PTH group. In OVX group, tibial cortical bone showed many large harversian canal and microfracture lines. The OVX+PTH group showed the lowest mean PTV (-2.33) (p<0.05), and the hightest mean bone - implant contact percentage (89%) (p>0.05). But the OVX+CT group showed the highest mean bone density ($5.45mg/cm^3$) and ash weight (56.12%) (p<0.05). The results indicate that PTH treatment enhances osseointegration of implant in OVX rats, and CT treatment depresses bone turnover and prevent the development of osteopenia in OVX rats.