• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.639-643
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• 2010

Purpose: Hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) is a common viral illness in children, which is usually mild and self-limiting. However, in recent epidemics of HFMD in Asia, enterovirus 71 (EV71) has been recognized as a causative agent with severe neurological symptoms with or without cardiopulmonary involvement. HFMD was epidemic in Korea in the spring of 2009. Severe cases with complications including death have been reported. The clinical characteristics in children with neurologic manifestations of EV71 were studied in Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital. Methods: Examinations for EV71 were performed from the stools, respiratory secretion or CSF of children who presented neurologic symptoms associated with HFMD by realtime PCR. Clinical and radiologic data of the patients were collected and analyzed. Results: EV71 was isolated from the stool of 16 patients but not from respiratory secretion or CSF. Among the 16 patients, meningitis (n=10) was the most common manifestation, followed by Guillain-Barre syndrome (n=3), meningoencephalitis (n=2), poliomyelitis-like paralytic disease (n=1), and myoclonus (n=1). Gene analysis showed that most of them were caused by EV71 subgenotype C4a, which was prevalent in China in 2008. Conclusion: Because EV71 causes severe complications and death in children, a surveillance system to predict upcoming outbreaks should be established and maintained and adequate public health measures are needed to control disease.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.238-242
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• 2014

Here we described 2 cancer patients treated by acupuncture for abdominal pain as a complication of bowel obstruction. The patient 1, 43-year-old man was treated with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy for rectal cancer. Two years after surgery, he complained of acute abdominal pain due to small bowel adhesion band. Bowel obstruction and symptoms were not improved by conservative therapy like as fasting, keeping Levin tube, and fluid therapy. 4 months later, he could eat a little rice water, but ileus and abdominal pain persisted despite of applying opiod drug and patch. Got started on acupuncture, electroacupuncture(ST-36) and moxa treatment, pain was relived gradually. He could stop opioids 1 month later and ileus was improved after acupuncture therapy for 2 months. The patient 2, 65-year-old woman got hepatectomy, cholecystectomy, and chemotherapy with cholangiocarcinoma. 6 months after surgery, she got laparotomy again for biopsy of new mass around ascending colon. She started eating after gas passing, but felt abdominal distension. Diffuse paralytic ileus was diagnosed by abdominal X-ray, and she got started conservative therapy. During ST-36 electroacupuncture therapy, symptoms like abdominal pain and distension were improved and could stop opiod patch. But eating aggravated ileus again and clinical finding of mechanical bowel obstruction was appeared. Based on these cases, acupuncture and moxa therapy could be helpful for improving abdominal pain and ileus, but possibility of malignant bowel obstruction should be considered especially in cancer patients.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.239-255
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to explore the care needs of family-caregivers caring for patients with a CVA and the level of self care of the patients. The subjects for the study were 112 patients with a CVA and their caregivers. These patients were seen in a hospital or out-patient-department(OPD) at two oriental medical hospital in Jeonbuk province. The survey instruments used in this study were Kang's ADL checklist for self care of patients and Kim's Likert-style checklist for care needs of family-caregivers to patient with CVA. The survey was conducted from July 4 to August 30, 1999. Internal validity by calculation of Cronbach's alpha was 0.95, which was regarded as high. The survey results were analyzed using the SPSS program, with percentages, means, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficients. The results of this study are as follows : 1. The level of self care for patients with a CVA was : 1) complete dependence(M=14.9, 13.1%), 2) complete independence(M=23.6, 20.9%), 3) incomplete independence(M=23.9, 21.0%), 4) incomplete dependence(M=26.6, 25.0%), 5) dependence and independence(M=23.0, 20.0%). The items for which there was a high level of self care were : 1) drinking(M=3.62), 2) eating (M=3.25), 3) position returning(M=3.18) : and the items for which there was a low level of self care were : 1) ascending and descending stairs(M=2.08), 2) walking(M=2.47). 3) putting on and taking off trousers(M=2.55). 2. The mean score of the sum of the care needs of the family-caregivers was : 1) need for immediate care and help: 2) need of the way to communicate with patient: 3) need for education and assistance related to physical functional level: 4) need to be informed about the disease, treatment and care: 5) need for social support and consultation: 6) need for appreciation: 7) need for management of nursing problems related to immobility. The highest meed factor was the need for immediate care and help(M=3.47): and lowest need factor was the need for management of nursing problems related to immobility(M=2.80). 3. There were significant differences between the level of care need and general characteristic of the caregivers, there were family-caregivers age(P=0.001), marital status (P=0.276), occupation (P=0.006), monthly income(P=0.000), Patient's relationship to caregivers(P=0.004) and health(P=0.000). 4. There were significant differences between the level of self care and general characteristic of the patients, there were patient paralytic condition(P=0.01), blood pressure(P=0.01), and length of suffering(P=0.03). 5 There were significant differences between the level of care need and the general characteristic factors, which were CVA patient's blood pressure (P=0.05), problem of medical fee (P=0.05). 6. There was significantly correlation with the family-caregivers care need and the level of self care in the CVA patient(r=0.300, P=0.000). As a result, need to promote the level of self care in patients and to meet the care need of family-caregivers for more efficient nursing of CVA patients, is emphasized. Therefore more study is needed on an efficient way to provide rehabilitation and quality nursing interventions for family-caregivers and patients with CVA.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 1992

연구배경 : 대량 객혈은 내과적 혹은 외과적 치료로도 사망율이 매우 높은 임상증상이다. 대량 객혈은 높은 기관지 동맥 혹은 비기관지성 전신동맥에서 출혈된다고 알려져 있으므로, 최근 상기 혈관들을 색전시키는 것이 치료방법으로 되고 있으나 초기 색전후 일부에서 객혈이 재발되는 것이 문제로 되어 있다. 이에 저자들은 대량출혈환자에서 동맥색전을 하여 즉각적인 지혈정도를 알아보고, 즉시 지혈된 후 객혈이 재발되는 환자들의 임상소견 및 초기 동맥촬영소견을 조사하여 보았다. 방법 : 1988년 1월부터 1991년 7월까지 전부 21명의 환자에서 대량 객혈로 동맥색전술을 시행하였다. 환자 모두에서 대퇴통맥으로 경피하 삽관술을 하여 기관지동맥외에도 비기관지 전신동맥에 혈관촬영을 시행한 후, 병변부위의 혈관에 gelfoam pieces로 색전을 실시하였다. 이후 환자들을 추적관찰하면서 동맥색전술의 효과를 평가하였다. 결과 : 처음 동맥색전후 21명의 전환자에서 즉시 지혈은 성공하였다. 9명의 환자에서 출혈이 재발되었으며, 12예의 환자들에서는 객혈의 재발은 없었다. 합병증으로는 발열, 흉통, 기침, 배뇨 장애, 장마비, 하지마비 및 비장경색증등이 있었으며, 9명의 환자에서는 별 증상을 호소하지 않았다. 출혈이 재발된 환자중, 2명은 대량객혈로 사망하였고, 2명은 폐절제술을 시행받았으며, 4명은 매번 객혈이 재발시마다 반복적인 동맥색전술 혹은 내과적 보존치료를 받고 있다. 결론 : 재출혈의 가능성이 있기는 하지만, 동맥색전술은 대량 객혈환자에서 출혈을 비교적 빠르고 안전하게 멈출 수 있는 치료법이다. 또 수술적 치료가 불가능한 폐질환 환자에서 객혈이 재발시마다, 반복 시행하는 동맥색전술은 일단 급한 출혈을 막고 생명을 연장시키는 데에 도움을 주리라 사료된다.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.213-217
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• 2006

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical and radiological results of tibio-talo-calcaneal arthrodesis using ipsilateral distal fibula buttress which had advantages of extended operative field and release of contracted soft tissue. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 4 postraumatic compartment syndrome, 2 residual poliomyelitis, 1 posttraumatic osteoarthritis with subtalar joint infection and 1 posttarumatic sciatic nerve palsy patients who underwent a tibio-talo-calcaneal arthrodesis from April, 1996 to March, 2002. Each of the cases was notable for a severe rigid equinovarus, persistent pus drainage of calcaneal area and paralytic foot. The mean duration of follow up was 18 months (range, $13{\sim}42$ months). The pain, function and alignment were evaluated by the modified ankle hindfoot scale of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) and patients satisfaction clinically. The radiological union were evaluated by plain AP and lateral radiographs. Results: The AOFAS score improved from 58 points (range, $47{\sim}78$) preoperatively to 82 (range, $60{\sim}89$) postoperatively. Patents satisfaction checked at 12 months after operation had favorable results (excellent and good 80%). Union rate was 100% radiographically and the mean duration of union was 12.5 weeks (range $8{\sim}22$ weeks). There was 2 cases of superficial pin tract infection and one protrusion of screw. Conclusion: Tibio-talo-calcaneal arthrodesis using ipsilateral distal fibula buttress was good modality of arthrodesis which provides wide operative field and release of contracted soft tissue in some cases of contracted foot.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.50-57
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• 1995

연구배경: 기관지동맥 혹은 체측부동맥의 색전술은 수술전 환자상태의 안정화 혹은 지혈을 위해 또는 수술하기가 힘든 양측성 만성 폐질환환자에서 유용한 치료로 받아지고 있다. 이에 저자등은 객혈환자에서 동맥색전술의 효과와 색전술의 임상적, 방사선학적 특정과 환자의 경과 및 예후에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 1992년 4월부터 1993년 8월 까지 연세대학교 원주의과대학부속 원주기독병원에 객혈을 주소로 내원한 환자중 24시간 동안에 400cc이상의 대량객혈이나 내원시 2번이상의 반복적인 객혈로 동맥 색전술을 시행한 환자 58예를 대상으로 하였다. 결과: 환자들의 객혈의 원인 결핵이 34예(58%)로 가장 많았고 동맥 색전술시 시행한 혈관 조영상 과혈관신생과 기관지동맥과 폐동맥사이의 단락이 보이는 경우가 25예(43%)로 가장 많았다. 동맥 색전술은 Ivalon을 사용한 16예(27%), Gelform은 24예(41%), 두가지 모두 사용한 예는 17예(29%)였으며, 체측부동맥이 출혈에 관여한 경우가 32예(57%)였으며 동맥 색전술후 합병증은 모두 18예(31%)로 흉통이 6예, 발열 4예, 배뇨장애 4예로 비교적 경미한 합병증이 대부분(14예, 78%)이었다. 동맥 색전술후 재출혈은 15예(29%)였고 재출혈 환자군과 재출혈이 없었던 환자군의 비교에서 Gelform만 사용했던 환자가 의의있게 많았고, 원인 질환으로는 두 환자군사이에 의의있는 차이는 없었으며 혈관 조영술상에서는 체측부동맥이 재출혈군에서 의의있게 많았다. 결론: 객혈환자에서 특히 수술전에 지혈목적이나 폐기능 저하등의 이유로 수술을 할 수 없는 경우의 차선적 치료로 기관지 혹은 체측부동맥등의 동맥 색전술은 유용하고 안전한 방법이다. 또한 앞으로 장기적인 추적 관찰이 필요할것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.55-66
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• 2000

The following results have been obtaind after examing 72patients with facial paralysis who were hospitalzed and treated through the time period of December 1st, 1996 to November 30th, 1999 at the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion of Seoul Oriental Medicine, Kyungwon University. During the examination, those 72 patients were divided into two groups, and One group was treated by oriental-western treatment, the other group was treated by oriental treatment. Oriental treatments were acupuncture and moxibustion, herb medicine, physical treatment and hygienic treatment. The one of main western treatments is steroid therapy. The results were obtained as follows : 1. In regard to signs at the first medical examination, lacrimation was showed highest number and facial paralysis, dysgeusia, hyperacusis were showed in numerical order. 2. In regard to prescription of oriental herb medicine, Kamissangbotang(加味雙補湯) was prescribed in greatest numbers and Boyangwhanotang(補陽還五湯), Kamiboiktang(加味補益湯), Ligigepungtang(理氣祛風湯) were prescribed in numerical order. 3. In regard to treatment number, 10~19 times for treatment was showed highest number and 1~9 times, 20~29 times, 40~49 times were showed in numerical order . 4. In regard to mean treatment times about injury region and main sign, the effect of oriental-western treatment was showed as follows: lacrimal gland disorder, hyperacusis, dysgeusia, facial paralysis were treated for 15.1, 27, 13.2 and 21.4 times, repectively. The effect of oriental treatment was showed as follows: lacrimal gland disorder, hyperacusis, dysgeusia, facial paralysis were treated for 34.8, 22.1, 33.8 and 16.3 times, respectively. 5. In regard ta the effect of treatment about injury region and main sign, oriental-western treatment was showed as follows: cases of lacrimal gland disorder were showed 1 of excellent case, 1 of fair case, 5 of good cases. In hyperacusis patients, there was showed 1 of fair case. In dysgeusia patients, there was showed 1 of excellent case, 3 of fair cases, 1 of good case. In facial paralysis, there were showed 5 of fair cases. Oriental treatment was showed as follows: In lacrimal gland disorder, the excellent were 4 cases, the fair were 10 cases, the good were 3 cases and the poor were 4 cases, In hyperacusis, the fair were 5 cases, the poor 2 cases. In dysgeusia, the excellent were 4 cases, the fair were 1 case, the good were 1 case and the poor was 1 case, In facial paralysis, the excellent were 9 cases, the fair were 4 cases, the good 3 cases and the poor were 3 cases. 6. The effect of total treatment was as follows: 30 cases were showed fair effect, 19 cases were showed excellent effect, 13 cases were showed good effect and 10 cases were showed poor effect. 7. In regard to attack factor, overlabour was showed highest number and wind-cold, mental stress, trauma, ear disease, common cold, dental diseae, reason unknwon were showed in numerical order. 8. In regard to premonitory symptoms, non significant symptoms were in 38 cases, the pain of peri-stylomastoid region were in 38 cases and headache, dysaesthesia of periorbit, dysgeusia, stomatitis, eyelid tic were showed in numerical order. 9. In regard to sex, male were 33 cases and female were 39 cases. The distribution of age was disclosed that thirty, forty, fifty, seventy, sixty, twenty and below twenty years were revealed in turn. Sex and paralytic side were showed as follows: male-left were 15 cases, male-right were 18 cases, female-left were 19 cases and female-right were 19 cases. In regard to attack frequence in month, March was showed highest number and January, April, May, August, October, etc were showed in numerical order. In regard to attack frequence in season, spring was showed highest number and winter, summer, fall were showed in numerical order, but attack frequence between four seasons wasn't showed significant difference.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.457-461
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• 2010

가족성 저칼륨성 주기성마비는 간헐적으로 발생하는 저칼륨혈증을 동반한 가역적 이완성 근육마비를 특정으로 하는 상염색체 우성 유전질환이다. 골격근 세포막에 위치한 $K_{ATP}$ 채널의 활성도 감소가 저칼륨성 주기성 마비의 발병과 관련 있는 것으로 보고되고 있으나 아직까지 명확한 기전이 밝혀져 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 $K_{ATP}$ 채널을 구성하는 단위체인 Kir6.2를 대상으로 가족성 저칼륨성 주기성마비 환자의 골격근 세포에서 $K_{ATP}$ 채널의 활성도 감소가 발생하는 분자생물학적 기전을 알아보고자 하였다. 환자와 정상인의 골격근 세포내 Kir6.2 단위체의 유전자인 KCNJ11 의 mRNA발현 수준과 단백질 발현양상을 확인한 결과, 정상 세포외 칼륨 농도인 4mM 칼륨 완충용액에 노출된 경우 KCNJ11 mRNA와 단백질 수준의 정량적 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. 그러나 환자에서 마비를 유발할 수 있는 저칼륨 농도인 1mM의 칼륨 완충용액에 노출시킨 경우 정상세포는 KCNJ11 mRNA의 발현이 감소하였고, 그 산물인 Kir6.2 단백질의 정량적 차이를 확인한 결과 세포막에 존재하는 단백질의 양 또한 유의하게 감소하였다. 그러나 환자의 경우 1mM의 칼륨 완충용액에 노출시 KCNJ11 mRNA 발현수준에 차이가 없었고, 더불어 세포막과 세포질 상의 Kir6.2 단백질 분포에도 변화가 나타나지 않았다. 이는 환자 세포의 경우 세포막 단백질이 세포질로 회수되지 못하여 $K_{ATP}$ 채널의 폐쇄가 유지되어 탈분극이 지속되며 이로 인해 환자에서 마비 증상을 유발할 수 있음을 시사하는 결과로 본 질환의 새로운 발병 기전을 설명할 수 있는 근거로 생각된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제51권7호
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• pp.771-774
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• 2008

가족성 저칼륨성 주기성 마비는 골격근에 존재하는 ion channel의 장애로 인해 저칼륨혈증과 연관되어 나타나는 주기성 이완성 마비를 보이는 드문 유전 질환이다. 이 질환의 발생에 관여하는 유전자로는 골격근육의 1q31-32 염색체에 위치하는 칼슘 채널과 나트륨 채널의 alpha subunit을 encoding하는 CACNA1S gene과 SCN4A gene이 밝혀져 있다. 국내에서도 소아의 가족성 저칼륨성 주기성 마비가 수 예 보고된 바 있지만, 유전자 분석을 통해 변이가 확인된 예는 드물다. 이에 우리는 CACNA1S의 Arg1239His 변이에 의한 저칼륨성 주기성 마비로 진단된 12세 환아의 증례를 보고하는 바이다. 이 변이는 현재까지 알려진 CACNA1S의 변이 중 비교적 흔한 것으로 알려져 있으나, 국내에서는 보고된 바가 없다. 저자들은 경구 acetazolamide와 칼륨 복용, 유발인자를 회피할 것을 교육함으로써 이 환아를 치료했으며, 현재 환아는 주기성 마비의 빈도와 중증도의 개선을 보이며 삶의 질 역시 향상되었다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2017

Background: In cerebral palsy (CP), parents' quality of life and rearing attitude are considered possible factors that influence patients' quality of life, function level, and performance in daily activities. Despite these facts, little attention has been given to demonstrate a relation between these factors. Objects: This study aimed to demonstrate the relationship between parents' quality of life, functional level, and performance in daily activities, the quality of life of school-aged children with spastic CP. Methods: This study included 24 parents of school-aged children with spastic CP. The KIDSCREEN-52 and World Health Organization quality of life (WHOQOL)-BREF questionnaires (including physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains) were used as research tools to assess the quality-of-life profiles of the children with spastic CP and those of their parents, respectively. In addition, the function levels and performance in daily activities of the children with CP were assessed by using the gross motor function measure (GMFM) and modified Barthel index (MBI). Correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed to clarify the determinants of the quality of life of the children with CP. Results: The KIDSCREEN-52 score correlated with the total score (r=.735, p<.01) and all domains of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire (physical: r=.542, p<.01; psychological: r=.690, p<.01; social: r=.568, p<.01; and environmental: r=.783, p<.01). In addition, significant correlation was found between the KIDSCREEN-52 and MBI scores (r=.411, p<.05), and between the MBI and GMFM scores (r=.427, p<.05). After controlling for age, gender, paralytic type, GMFM, and MBI, the WHOQOL-BREF score ($R^2=.621$), particularly in the environmental domain ($R^2=.699$), remained independently related to the quality of life of the children. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the quality of life of school-aged children with spastic CP can be influenced by the quality of life of their parents. This study provides useful information for future studies to investigate the quality of life of children with CP.