• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.321-327
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• 2012

Paraffin bio-based hydrotreated biodiesel(HBD) is originated from vegetable oil(the process can also be applied to animal fat) with the the chemical structure $C_nH_{2n+2}$. In the number of process of the oil or fat, the hydrogenation is significantly important to create a bio-based diesel fuel. This study is focused on lubricity characteristics of BTL diesel blends to use alternative diesel fuel in Korea. The BTL diesel are blended the different volume ratios (HBD 5(5 vol.% HBD - 95 vol.% diesel), HBD 10, HBD 20, HBD 30, HBD 40 and HBD 50. HBD with paraffin compounds showed a very high centane number, low sulfur content and free aromatic compound. Especially, the wear scar of HBD showed poor lubricity compared to automotive diesel due to the fuel composition, low sulfur content and free aromatic compound. Also, the lubricity specification of automotive diesel with different six HBD blends is within the limit by the Korean standards. Finally, HBD as an alternative diesel fuel is challengeable in transportation sector of Korea.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.98-106
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• 1976

In order to study the effect of croton oil on the mucous cell in the mice intestin the experimental animals were injected with 0.1gm body weight of croton oil through intraperitoneally. They were sacrificed by ether anesthesia and obtained from distal small intestine and duodenum and colon, and fixed in 10% meutral formal. After embedded in paraffin, sectioned in 5 micro thickness, and stained with P.A.S (Periodic Acid Schiffis) reaction. The average number of the mucous cell was counted in each specimen over 20 fields under 450 magnification. The following results were obtained; 1) An average number of mucous cell began rapidly increase from 15 min and reached high average number after injection of croton oil of mucous cell from 30-60 min after injection. 2) An average number of mucous cell rapidly increase after injection of croton oil and were not reduced normal level by time lapsed 48 hrs. 3) The mucous cell showed with tape of time after injection of croton oil. A type and B type decrease and showed recovery C type decrease and recovery. 4) According to the above findings, it is presumed that croton oil accelerate secretion of mucin of the mucouse cell and production of mucin in growing mucous cell.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2002년도 proceedings of the second asia international conference on tribology
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• pp.83-84
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• 2002

For estimation of chain-matching phenomena between normal paraffin as a solvent and straight-chain fatty acid as an additive, the density measurement of n-dodecane, n-tetradecane and n-hexadecane were carried out at oil temperature 313K and pressure up to 1.3 GPa. Their solidification pressure were easily determined by the appearance of molecular crystal, abrupt volumetric contraction and generation of heat of solidification and showed minima under the matching condition. The bulk modulus K of molecular crystal was evaluated using phase diagram. The bulk modulus showed maxima under the each matching condition. The chain matching effect on the bulk modulus beyond the scope of the interfacial phenomena are confirmed.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.252-258
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• 1998

Biosurfactant를 생산하는 미생물을 토양으로부터 분리하였다. 그 중에서 표면장력 및 계면장력 감소능에서 가장 우수한 L-417주를 순수분리하여 동정한 결과, No-Cardia속으로 판명되었다. Biosurfactant 생산을 위한 최적 배지조성은 3% n-hexadecane, 0.1% $NaNO_3$, 0.02% $K_2HPO_4$, 0.01% $KH_2PO_4$, 0.01% $MgSO_4 \;.\;7H_2O$, 0.01% $CaCl_2$ 0.02% yeast extract였으며, 최적 온도와 pH는 각각 $30^{\circ}C$와 6.0이였다. 이러한 조건에서 500ml용 shaking flask에 최적 배지 50ml를 넣어 배양했을 경우 대수증식기 말기인 4일째에 균의 증식과 유화활성이 가장 높게 나타남에 따라 Nocardia sp. L-417에 의한 bio-surfactant의 생산은 균의 생육과 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 판단된다. 이계면활성제는 산업적으로 널리 사용되는 bunker A, paraffin, corn oil 및 oilve oil 등에 대해서도 비교적 높은 유화활성을 나타내였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2007

Boiling-in-oil process was performed to investigate the high-temperature drying characteristics of 25, 50, and 70 mm-thick flat-sawn Douglas-fir lumber. Drying rates, moisture profiles and temperature profiles were monitored. Fully refined paraffin wax was used as drying agent and heated to $130^{\circ}C$. Average drying rates of 25, 50, and 70 mm-thick specimen were 11.6, 6.7, 5.0%/h, respectively. The moisture content differences between cores and ends were 1~2% in 25 mm-thick and 200 mm-long sample and over 10% in 50 mm-thick and 600 mm-long sample.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.603-606
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• 2008

Purpose: Sclerosing lipogranuloma is an unusal benign condition of the genitalia following injections into the genitalia with exogenous paraffin or mineral oil. A few cases have been reported in which sclerosing lipogranuloma of the lid was caused by paraffin-containing ointment plugs after the endonasal sinus surgery. A 52-year-old man presented with a painless hard mass of the right lower lid after the MRI scan at the Ophthalmology department. Nine months before, he had undergone right maxilla sinus surgery through the oral incision. And he was also gotten nasal packing with Vaseline gauze after the surgery. Methods: The round shaped two masses in the Right lower lid were approximately $1.0{\times}1.0cm$ in size. There were no size or color change, bleeding and ulceration. The MRI scan showed a suspicious part of an abscess of benign tumor. Also, He was planned cyst remove through the endonasal surgery due to the mucoid cyst in the right maxillary sinus in the ENT dept. Under the general anesthesia, the patient underwent surgical excision through a subcilliary incision with endonasal sinus surgery. The masses were in deep subcutaneous orbital fat with no connection with right maxillary sinus. Results: The masses were excised $2.1{\times}0.7cm$ in size including surrounding necrotic fatty tissue. Histopathological diagnosis was 'sclerosing lipogranuloma' due to paraffin or similar substance with fat necrosis and cystic change. This tissue was positive in PAS, S-100, CD68 reaction. Conclusion: It is extremely rare to find a granulomatous orbital lesion arising to a endonasal surgery. In conclusion, if sclerosing lipogranuloma is suspected excisional biopsy should be undertaken. Surgery should be reserved for recurrent or refractory cases when steroids have failed as first-line treatment at the 6-month follow-up examination, There was no complication or recurrence.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2016

실내에서 복숭아씨살이좀벌 성충 침적법으로 유기농업자재에 의한 살충효과를 조사한 결과, 2014년에 'Extract of Sophora flavescens roots'가 84.7%의 살충률을 보였으며, 'Extracts of Neem II' 등 5개 자재는 100%의 살충률을 보였고, 2015년에 'Plant extract Matrine 0.5%+paraffin oil 8%'와 'Plant extract+pyrolignous acid Matrine 0.45%'가 각각 100, 94.6%의 보정살충율을 보였는데, 광양 다압 지역에서의 방제효과가 2014년과 2015년 4년 4월 21일에 살포시 방제효과가 좋아 실내와 포장에서 처리가 일치하는 경향을 보였고, Plant extract Matrine 0.5%+paraffin oil 8%'도 2015년에 실내와 포장에서의 살충효과가 유사한 양상을 보였다. 한편, 유기농업자재 살포시기에 따른 방제효과는 대체로 광양 다압 농가에서는 4월 하순 살포가, 순천 황전 농가에서는 4월 하순~5월 상순에 살포하는 것이 방제효과가 좋았는데, 광양 다압에서 2015년에 4월 21일과 27일 각각 1회씩 살포한 것과 2회 살포한 시험수에서 방제효과 차이는 없었으나 순전 황전 지역의 농가에서는 2회 살포한 시험수에서 방제 효과가 더 좋았다. 따라서, 유기재배 매실에서 살충효과가 있는 유기농업자재의 사용은 4월 중하순에 2회 이상 방제가 필요하고, 피해 양상이나 주변의 여건에 맞추어 방제전략을 수립하여야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2005

본 연구는 2003년부터 2005년까지 감귤원에서 구리제의 효율적인 사용을 위하여 주요 감귤 병에 대한 구리제의 방제 효과, 구리피해 발생시기 및 구리제 종류 별 구리피해 정도, 그리고 기계유유제와의 혼용에 대한 효과를 구명하고자 실시하였다. 결과를 종합하면 감귤더뎅이병에 대한 방제효과는 구리제 종류에 관계없이 방제가가 약 $75\%$, 궤양병에 대해서도 $85\~88\%$, 그리고 검은점무늬병에 대해서는 약 $75\~86\%$이었다. 구리피해는 새순이 어릴수 록 발생이 심하였고 과일의 경우 고온기인 7월부터 8월까지가 가장 심하였다. 또한 구리제에 응애 방제용 기계유유제를 혼용하여 살포할 경우 방제 효과는 그대로 유지하였지만 구리피해는 상당히 감소하였으며 이들 결과들로부터 구리제와 기계유유제를 혼용하여 적기에 사용할 경우 봄철 더뎅이병과 궤양병, 그리고 응애를 동시에 방제할 수 있으며 유기농이나 무농약 재배 과원에서도 효율적으로 사용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.83-86
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• 1989

A wear transition mechanism during sliding in glass has been observed. Disk specimens of sodalime-silicate glass were slid against AISI 52100 steel with paraffin oil as lubricant. Observations of the micrrx structural change on the worn surface showed that semi-circular cone cracks (SCCCs) were suddenly produced after a certain critical sliding time. These SCCCs brought about the severe damage in the form of extensive microchipping during further sliding. It was shown that the abrupt appearance of the SCCCs is attributable to the grooves formed during sliding, which act as surface flaws.

• 한국발생생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국발생생물학회 2005년도 제5회 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회
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• pp.59-60
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• 2005