• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2019

Preservatives of cosmetics is managed by positive list in Korea. Positive list requires a proper quantitative analysis method, but the analysis method is still insufficient. In this study, gas chromatography with flame ionization detector was used to simultaneously analyze 14 preservatives in cosmetics. As a result of method validation, the specificity was confirmed by the calibration curves of 14 preservatives showing good linearity correlation coefficient of above 0.9997 except dehydroacetic acid (0.9891). The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of 14 preservatives were 0.0001 mg/mL ~ 0.0039 mg/mL and 0.0003 mg/mL ~ 0.0118 mg/mL, respectively, but they were 0.0204 mg/mL, 0.0617 mg/mL for dehydroacetic acid, respectively. The precision (Repeatability) of the values was less than 1.0%, but 7.1% for dehydroacetic acid. The Accuracy (% recovery) of 14 preservatives in cosmetics showed 96.9% ~ 109.2%. Finally, this method was applied to 50 cosmetics available in market. Results showed that the commonly used preservatives were chlorophene, phenoxyethanol, benzyl alcohol and parabens. However, the amount of the detected preservatives was within maximum allowed limits established by KFDA.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.127-136
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• 2015

A simultaneous determination method was developed for nine preservatives (benzoic acid, sorbic acid, dehydroacetic acid, methyl-, ethyl-, isopropyl-, propyl-, isobutyl- and butyl-parabens) in sausage by liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS). Each parameter was established by multiple reaction monitoring in negative mode. Separation was achieved on a phenyl-hexyl ($2.5{\mu}m$, $2.1{\times}150mm$, Waters) with A-20 mM ammonium acetate containing 0.1% acetic acid in water, B-Acetonitrile as mobile phase with gradient mode at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The developed method was validated for specificity, linearity, accuracy and precision in sausages samples. Linearity was over 0.998 with calibration curve of the mixed standards. The mean recoveries from sausages fortified at the level of 2.0~10.0 mg/L were in range of 98.60~109.16% with RSDs lower than 8.93%. The limits of detection (LOD) and the limits of quantification (LOQ) were in the range between 0.0003~0.085 mg/L and 0.01~0.257 mg/L, respectively. Intra-day precision and inter-day precision were 0.45~6.16% and 2.81~13.33%, respectively. Using presently developed determination method, 33 field sausage samples from Gwangju city in Korea were screened over nine preservatives. As a result, no preservatives were detected in all samples.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.159-165
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• 2017

We were investigated the content of 7 preservatives for sheet mask samples(n=42) sold in markets of Daejeon metropolitan city in 2016. &3.3%(n=35) of all samples contained at least one of preservatives. In samples of 30.95(n=14) and 2.39%(n=1) was detected with 2 and 3 preservatives. Phenoxyethaol(PE), methylparaben(MP), chlorphenesin(CP) and benzyl alcohol(BA) showed detection rate of 76.19(n=32), 16.67(n=9), 21.43(n=7) and 2.38%(n=1), respectively. Also The content of detected preservative showed range of 0.06~0.71, 0.18~0.35, 0.06~0.71 and 0.32% and was within the maximum allowed amount established by Korean FDA. However ethylparaben(EP), propylparaben(PP) and benzylparaben(BP) in all samples was not detected. These results can be useful for sharing in emotion-fusioned information and supplying right to know of user.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.225-231
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• 2018

Benzoic acid, methyl paraben, and butyl paraben are preservatives that have been used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food products. However, as their toxicities for human have been reported, many nations and organizations including Korea have established a regulation limit for thier usage of these preservatives in food products. The present study developed the isotope dilution liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method for accurate determination of three target preseratives in soysauce. In this study, the isotope dilution liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method was developed for accurate determination of three target preservatives in soy sauce. LC separation was optimized considering the pKa of benzoic acid which is lower than those of methyl and butyl parabens. A C18 column was used with 5 mM ammonium acetate and methanol as mobile phases. Mass spectrometry was operated in negative mode and selected reaction monitoring mode (SRM). Soy sauce sample was cleaned-up with C18 SPE cartridge for removing matrix inferences and color material. Optimized conditions and the method were validated with soy sauce reference materials for the analysis of food preservatives from Health Science Authority in Singapore. The measured values of benzoic acid, methyl and butyl paraben agreed well with reference values within their uncertainties.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.111-115
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• 2007

It is inevitable to use germicidal agents like parabens, imidazolidinyl urea, phenoxyethanol and chlorphenesin to preserve the cosmetics. Although effective in reducing microblological contamination, chemical preservatives are irritative, allergenic and even toxic to human skin. So it is needed to decrease or eliminate usage of preservatives in cosmetic products Glycerin, butylene glycol (BG), prorylene glycol (PG), and dipropylene glycol (DPG) are widely used in cosmetics as skin conditioning agent or solvents. At high concentrations, they have antimicrobial activities, but deteriorate product quality like sensory feeling or safety. The purpose of study is to evaluate the effects of polyols on antimicrobial and preservative efficacy and confirm whether using adjusted polyols can decrease the contents of preservatives without deterioration of the quality of cosmetics. Effects of common polyols on antimicrobial activities of general preservatives were measured. BG and PG significantly (p < 0.05) increased activities of preservatives, but glycerin influenced little. It was inferred from the regression analysis of the results with S. aureus that adding 1% of PG increased activities of preservatives up to $2.1{\sim}8.4 %$ and BG improved activities of preservatives up to $1.8{\sim}8.4 %$. The challenge test results for oil in water lotions and creams showed that BG and PG improved the efficacy of preservative systems up to 40 % at a range of $5.5{\sim}9.9 %$, but glycerin had little effect on it. The measured rates of improvement were analogous to the inferences from regression analysis. It can be concluded that is possible to reduce total chemical preservatives up to 40 %, consequently improve the safety and sensory quality of cosmetics with the precision control of polyols. Added to that, using this paradigm, low preservative contents, praraben-free system, and even preservative-free systems can be expected in the near future.