• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.447-462
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• 2021

In insurance, the surrender rate is an important variable that threatens the sustainability of insurers and determines the profitability of the contract. Unlike other actuarial assumptions that determine the cash flow of an insurance contract, however, it is characterized by endogenous variables such as people's economic, social, and subjective decisions. Therefore, a microscopic approach is required to identify and analyze the factors that determine the lapse rate. Specifically, micro-level characteristics including the individual, demographic, microeconomic, and household characteristics of policyholders are necessary for the analysis. In this study, we select panel survey data of Korean Retirement Income Study (KReIS) with many diverse dimensions to determine which variables have a decisive effect on the lapse and apply the lasso regularized regression model to analyze it empirically. As the data contain many missing values, they are imputed using the random forest method. Among the household variables, we find that the non-existence of old dependents, the existence of young dependents, and employed family members increase the surrender rate. Among the individual variables, divorce, non-urban residential areas, apartment type of housing, non-ownership of homes, and bad relationship with siblings increase the lapse rate. Finally, among the financial variables, low income, low expenditure, the existence of children that incur child care expenditure, not expecting to bequest from spouse, not holding public health insurance, and expecting to benefit from a retirement pension increase the lapse rate. Some of these findings are consistent with those in the literature.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.355-362
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• 2019

본 연구는 천식이나 아토피 피부염이 있는 청소년의 삶의 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 알아보기 위하여 실시하였다. 자료는 2016년 한국아동청소년패널조사(Korean Child and Youth Panel Survey; KCYPS) 자료를 이용하였고, 자료분석은 교차분석, t-test, 일원분산분석, 단계적 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 단계적 다중회귀분석결과 덜 우울할수록, 자아존중감과 자아탄력성이 높을수록, 연령이 적을수록, 부모의 양육태도가 애정적일수록 알레르기 질환이 있는 청소년의 삶의 만족도가 높아졌다. 지속적인 증상관리가 필요한 알레르기 질환이 있는 청소년의 삶의 만족도를 높이기 위해서는 부모가 애정적 양육태도를 취하고, 자녀에게 적절한 선택권을 부여하고, 긍정적이고 지지적인 관계를 유지하며, 우울감을 관리하기 위한 적절한 교육 프로그램을 제공하는 것이 필요하다.

• 융합경영연구
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2021

Purpose: This study empirically investigates what factors contribute to corporate value in the Korea New Exchange (KONEX) market and determines whether financial constraints contribute any effect on it. Research design, data and methodology: A fixed-effect panel regression model was utilized to analyze financial constraints on firm value for KONEX listed firms through the fiscal period from 2013 to 2020. Results: we find that firms' research and development, volatility, size, and sales growth give significant impacts to firm value, but the significance and direction are different. In addition, no significant relationship exists between the largest shareholder's equity ratio and firm value in all models. The debt-to-equity ratio did not show a significant relationship with corporate value. A significant negative relationship was found between R&D and corporate value in the entire sample. Volitility exhibited a positive relationship with corporate value in the entire sample and financially unconstrained companies. Firm size presented a significant negative relationship with company value in all models. Sales growth showed a significant negative relationship with corporate value in financially constrained companies. Conclusions: No difference is found between financially constrained and unconstrained companies in the KONEX market. We can infer that KONEX companies have a large difference with KOSPI or KOSDAQ. Further analysis is needed on the differences among these markets.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.751-762
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• 2021

This study aims to examine whether an increased disclosure has a positive impact on firm performance and whether the opposite impact of increased disclosure on firm performance can occur in certain conditions - high proprietary information and competition. The sample for this study consists of Indonesian firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The data were selected based on purposive sampling and panel data spanned eleven years (2006-2016). A panel GLS regression using moderated regression analysis (MRA) was adopted. The results of this study reveal that an increased disclosure has a positive effect on firm performance, but an increased disclosure has a negative impact on firm performance when proprietary information is high, and vice versa. Also, if the disclosure is increased, the negative impact of proprietary information on firm performance will get exacerbated in conditions where the competition level is high. The findings of this study suggest that, since the positive effect of continuously-increased disclosure on firm performance leads to the reversal (negative) impact when certain conditions occur (high proprietary information and competition), the level of disclosure quality is most likely to tap an 'optimal' point. In this regard, however, a broader investigation of all firms across countries still needs to be conducted.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.1301-1311
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• 2022

Global climate change brings environmental quality sensitivity, especially in developed countries. Developed countries use non-renewable energy sources intensively both in their own countries and in other countries, they make productions that cause an enormous rate of increase in CO₂ emissions and unsustainable environmental costs. This has increased the interest in environmentally friendly alternative energy sources. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of nuclear energy consumption and technological innovation on environmental quality in G7 countries using annual data over the period 1970-2015. The Panel Threshold Regression Model was used for the analysis. Empirical findings have indicated that the relationship between nuclear energy consumption and carbon emissions differs according to innovation for nuclear power plants. It was also concluded that nuclear energy consumption reduces carbon emissions more after a certain level of innovation. This result shows that the increase in innovative technologies for nuclear power plants not only increases energy efficiency but also contributes positively to environmental quality.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2018

Objectives : This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of uninsured herbal medicine(UHM) users and the economic and social barriers of UHM utilization. Methods : We used the Korea Health Panel Data, representative national survey on medical utilization and cost, provided by National Health Insurance Service and Korea Institiute of Health and Social Affairs. The frequency analysis was used to identify the characteristics of the respondents, and the cross-analysis (${\chi}^2-test$) was used to verify the relationship between their characteristics and the usage of UHM. In order to analyze the determinants of using the UHM considering the individual's characteristics, logistic regression analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted for those who used the Korean medicine (KM) outpatient service in 2015. Results : The usage of UHM was significantly lower for those (1) who's age of 20 to 65; (2) who have the university or higher education degree; (3) who live in Jeju province, and (4) who bought the herbal medicine for other health related purposes. On the other hand, the usage of UHM for those (1) who have the first quintile of household income; (2) who have the chronic respiratory disease; (3) who have been taking the medicine for health promotion purpose for more than 3 months and (4) who have purchased the food which has health promotion function was significantly higher than others. The patients who have chronic musculoskeletal diseases accounted the most among the UHM users. Conclusions : There was the considerable inequality in the usage of UHM among household income groups, which provides policy rationale for UHM to be covered by national health insurance. To facilitate the coverage expansion, restrictive covering model can be considered for children and adolescents, or for patients with muskuloskeletal diseases who have the high demand for UHM.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2020

In this study, the current state of management efficiency of ocean carriers in Korea and the factors affecting them were analyzed. The purpose of this research is to enhance global competitiveness of ocean carriers by presenting suggestions that can improve management efficiency based on the analysis results. The measurement of management efficiency was made using the DEA model. The results of testing the adequacy of the input and output variables used are as follows. Appropriate inputs are total assets, cost of goods sold, charter expenses, sales and general management expenses, and interest expenses. Appropriate variables are sales, operating income, and operating cash flow. According to the analysis results of the DEA model by these variables, inefficient carriers (78%) are nearly four times more than efficient carriers(22%). However, container carriers have the most improved management efficiency compared to 2016 and 2017. According to the panel regression analysis, the charter rate has the greatest negative impact on efficiency (CRS), and the debt rate has a significant negative impact. Thus, it appears that reducing the charter size and the debt-to-sale rate facilitate improvement of the management efficiency of ocean carriers. Additionally, the pre-sales tax return rate, value added rate, total asset turnover rate, and the scale variable and interest coverage rate have a positive (+) effect. Thus ocean carriers should restore their global competitiveness by improving management efficiency by securing stable cargoes increasing sales profitability from the cost management perspective, increasing productivity, and enhancing the efficiency of their total assets through efficient fleet management.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.505-513
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• 1995

The major factors affecting productivity on daily farms in Queensland, Australia, were determined using the stepwise linear regression approach. The data were obtained from a survey conducted on the total population of daily farms in Queensland in 1987. These data were divided into six major dailying regions. The technique was applied using 12 independent variables believed by a panel of experienced research and extension personnel to exert the most influence on milk production. The regression equations were all significant (p < 0.001) with the percentage coefficients of determination ranging from 62 to 76% for equations developed using' total farm milk: production as the dependent variable. Three of the variables affecting total farm milk: production were found to be common to all six regions. These were; the amount of supplementary energy fed, the area set aside to irrigate winter feed and the size of the area used for dailying. Higher production farms appeared to be more efficient in that they consistently produced milk production levels higher than those estimated from the regression equation for their region. Other methods of analysis including robust regression and non linear regression techniques were unsuccessful in overcoming this problem and allowing development of a model appropriate for farms at all levels of production.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.39-61
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• 2013

동북아 지역내 경제성장을 끌고 나가는 중국은 해운항만 분야에서는 환적화물의 흐름과 초대형 선박들의 기항지 선택 및 선사들의 네트워크 구축에 대한 영향을 통하여 동북아 단일 시장의 통합을 선도하고 있으며, 지역내 주요 항만들에 다양한 영향을 주고 있다. 이 연구는 중국 주요 항만-상해항, 천진항, 홍콩항 포함-들의 개발과정과 항만들간 개발의 상호관계를 시계열적으로 고찰함으로써 중국 항만의 미래를 조망하는 데에 유익한 시사점을 도출하는 데에 초점을 두고 있다. 주요 항만의 개발과정과 특성은 다음과 같다. 홍콩항은 고베항의 터미널을 세분화 전략보다는 물동량의 증가 추이에 따라 단계적으로 시설을 대형화하는 전략을 취하면서 운영의 안정성을 추구하였다. 상해항은 물동량의 지속적 증가에도 불구하고 2000년대 초까지 확장에 보수적 태도를 견지하였으며, 컨테이너 부두시설을 집중화하여 시설 대형화의 장점을 취하고 있다. 천진항도 타 중국항만과 유사하게 물동량의 증가에 따라 단계적 부두 확충과 부두시설의 집중과 특화 전략을 취하고 있다. 중국 거점항만들에 대한 패널자료와 패널회귀분석은 이들 항만들이 각기 독자적 수요기반을 갖고 있음을 시사하고 있으며, 항만들간 상관관계가 1980년대에는 낮았지만, 1990년대 이후 점차적으로 동시적 상관관계가 높아지는 것을 나타냈다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.18-24
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• 2002

본 연구는 보리등겨로 제조한 간장 맛의 특성을 찾기 위해서 수행되었다. 맛성분은 기기분석으로, 관능검사는 panel로, 그 외 통계적 처리의 방법 등을 이용하였다. 보리간장 맛성분은 유기산, 유리당 및 유리아미노산으로 분류하였으며, 이들과 관능검사 성적과의 단순상관으로 보리간장 맛의 품질을 결정하는 것은 불가능하였다. 중상관계수는 절대값의 대수 변환에서 가장 높게 나타났으며, 따라서 단계적 중회귀분석은 가장 설명력이 높으며, 표준오차가 적은 절대값의 대수 변환을 이용하여 실시하였다. 단계적 중회귀분석 결과, 보리간장 맛의 좋고 나쁨에 기여를 하는 성분은 짠맛, 구수한 맛 및 쓴맛을 내는 성분 순이었다.