• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.8
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• pp.85-91
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• 2021

This research aims to analyze the impact of Financial Risk (FR), Information Asymmetric (IA), and Earning Power (EP) on Real Earning Management (REM) of listed trading companies in IDX Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the influence of FR, IA, EP, on REM through Operating Cash Flow, Production expense, and Discretionary Expense. The study employs an unbalanced panel of data set from 2014 to 2018 on the activity of all trading companies (15 in total) as selected samples of 48 feasible samples from 144 existing data. The sample used a non probability sampling method with a purposive sampling technique. This research was classified as causative and tested by multiple linear regression model with cross-sectional analysis. The result indicated a significant impact of FR on REM through PROD and DISX but not through COF. How ever, IA, and EP showed significant impact on REM by means of COF but not go by PROD and DISX..The findings in this study contribute to the users of financial reports particularly the stakeholders in defining the determinants of real earning management practices among firms when it comes to decision making.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.1-10
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• 2024

Purpose: This study's objective is to examine the impact of firm-specific and macroeconomic factors on the business performance of non-cyclical and cyclical sectors in Indonesian listed firms. The evaluation of business performance holds paramount importance for the achievement and long-term viability of a company. Research Design Data and Methodology: The data for 61 non-cyclicals sector companies and 57 cyclicals sector companies was gathered over a 4-year period from 2018-2021. The model integrates firm size, leverage, and sales growth as firm-specific factors, with real GDP growth and inflation rate as macroeconomic variables. ROA and ROE are indicators of a firm's business performance. The regression models are estimated using the distribution of a dynamic approach with Arellano-Bond Panel Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimation. Results: The results of the pooled sample indicate that the historical ROA and ROE have a positive relationship with the business performance of all sectors, including both non-cyclical and cyclical industries. The ROE of non-cyclical enterprises is primarily influenced by firm-specific characteristics and macroeconomic influences. Conclusion: To ensure the successful implementation of the distribution of a dynamic approach towards enhancing corporate business performance, organizations need to take into account a combination of firm-specific factors and macroeconomic factors.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.272-277
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• 2010

In respect complication of group, rate of arrearage in domestic bank is composed of various factors. This paper studies focus on estimating the determinants of the rate of arrearage in domestic bank using panel data model. The volume of analysis consist of 3 groups(loaned patterns of enterprise, housekeeping, credit card). Analyzing period be formed over a 54 point(2005. 1~ 2009. 06). In this paper dependent variable setting up rate of arrearage in domestic bank, explanatory(independent) variables composed of the consumer price index, composite stock price index, rate of exchange, the coincident composite index, national housing bonds and employment rate. The result of estimating the rate of arrearage in domestic bank provides empirical evidences of significance positive relationships between the consumer price index However this study provides empirical evidences of significance negative relationships between the coincident composite index and the composite stock price index. The explanatory variables, that is, rate of exchange, national housing bonds and the employment rate are non-significance variables of negative factor. Implication of these findings are discussed for content research and practices.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.337-345
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the characteristics of Korean family firms and the impact of debt financing. The analysis period was 10 years from 2004 to 2013, and the sample consisted of 4,008 non-financial firms listed on the Korea Exchange. For the analysis, the unbalanced panel data with time - series, cross - section data were formed and analyzed using panel data regression analysis. The results are as follows. First, Korean family firms use relatively less debt than non - family firms. It can be understood that family firms in which the dominant family owns and dominates the corporation are less likely to increase their debt because the agent problem is alleviated and the need for the control effect of Jensen (1986) is lowered. Second, in the verification of the packing order theory using the model proposed by Shyam-Sunder and Myers (1999), family firms have higher compliance with the packing order theory than non-family firms do. When financing is needed, debt is preferred over equity issuance. However, for Korean family firms, 24.38% of the deficit funds are financed through the issuance of net debt, which is relatively low compared to the 75% shown in the analysis of Shyam-Sunder and Myers (1999). These results reveal the limit to the strong claim that the Korean family firms follow the packing order theory.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.213-219
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• 2014

This study applied the data of 384 senior citizens over 65 years old having difficulties in everyday life, among the ageing research panel of Korea Labor Institute in 2000, due to their visual impairment in the final analysis to investigate factors affecting the use of vision aids by the aged with visual impairment. The analysis was based on the service usage Andersen-Newman model and the factors were classified into preceding factors, potential factors and desire factors. To examine the effects of each factors on the use of vision aids by the aged with visual impairment, logistic regression analysis was carried out. In the analysis results, the level of vision aids usage was shown to increase significantly with unemployed status and higher education level in the preceding factors, lower subjective stratum consciousness in the potential factors, and higher cognitive function in the desire factors. The limitation and implication of this study were suggested on the basis of the results.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.125-139
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• 2022

Purpose - This study examines how employees' perception of HR department expertise affect their satisfaction of education and training. Moreover, this study explores that the HR department's communication activities moderate the main effects between satisfaction of education and training opportunities. Design/methodology/approach - This study predicts the positive relationship between employees' perceptions of HR department expertise and their satisfaction of education and training. Furthermore, the HR department's communication activities will strengthen this positive relationship. To test these hypotheses, this study used the Human Capital Corporate Panel (HCCP) datasets, especially individual-level 2017 data. The final number of samples is 1,947 for the analyses. In addition, this study utilized a hierarchical regression model with SPSS program. Finding - The results analyzed with the hierarchical regression model showed that the perceptions of HR department expertise had a positive relationship with satisfaction of provided educational and training. In addition, the HR department's communication activities moderated the relationship between perception of HR department expertise and satisfaction of education and training opportunities. Research implications or Originality - This study suggests academic and practical implications for future research in the human resource development filed by clarifying the critical factors to increase employees' satisfaction and transferability of education and training.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.225-231
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• 2010

Transaction value of business-to-business(B2B) is composed of various factors for groups and time series. In this paper, we use the panel data for finding various variables and using this we analyse the factors that is major influence to transaction value of business-to-business. For analysis we looked at transaction value of business-to-business of 7 groups such as manufacturing industry, electric, gas and piped water industry, construction industry, retail & wholesale trade, traffic industry, publish, image; broad-casting & telecommunication and information service industry, etc. In our analysis we looked at the transaction value of business-to-business during the period from 2005.01 to 2009.12. We examined the data in relation to the transaction value of cyber shopping mall, company bond, composite stock price index, transaction value of credit card, loaned rate of interest in deposit bank, rate of exchange looking at the factors which determine the transaction value of business-to-business, evidence was produced supporting the hypothesis that there is a significant positive relationship between the transaction value of cyber shopping mall, composite stock price index and loaned rate of interest in deposit bank, rate of exchange. The company bond is negative relationship, transaction value of credit card is positive relationship and they are not significant variables in terms of the transaction value of business-to-business.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.3417-3426
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• 2012

This study aims to determine how ownership structure (share-holding ratio of insiders, foreigners) affects agent costs (the portion of asset efficiency or non-operating expenses) through empirical analysis. However, as existing studies on correlations between ownership structure and agent costs adopted Pooled OLS Model, this study focused on additionally formulating Fixed Effect Model and Random Effect Model aimed to reflect the time of data formation and corporate effects as study models based on verification results on the suitability of Pooled-OLS Model before comparative analysis for the purpose of improvement of credibility and statistical validity of the results of empirical analysis based on the premise that the Pooled OLS Model is not reliable enough to verify massive panel data. The data has been accumulated over 10 years from 1998 to 2007 after the IMF crisis hit the nation, from a subject 331 companies except for financial institutions. As a result of the empirical analysis, verification of the suitability of model has determined that the Random Effect Model is appropriate in terms of asset efficiency among agent costs items. On the other hand, the Fixed Effect Model is appropriate in terms of non-operating costs. As a result of the empirical analysis according to the appropriate model, no hypothesis adopted in the Pooled OLS Model has been accepted. This suggests that developing an appropriate model is more important than other factors for the purpose of generating statistically significant empirical results by showing that different empirical results are produced according to the type of empirical analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.2038-2045
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• 2010

Households' monthly average income is composed of various factors. This study paper studies focuses on estimating the determinants of a households' monthly average income. The region for analysis consist of three groups, that is, the whole country, a metropolitan city(such as Busan, Daegu, Incheon, Gwangiu, Daejeon, Ulsan.) and Seoul. Analyzing period be formed over a 57 time points(2005. 01~2009. 09). In this paper the dependent variable setting up the households' monthly average income, explanatory (independent) variables are composed of the consumer price index, employment to population ratio, Index of housing sale price, the preceding composite index, loans of housing mortgage, spending rate for care medical expense and the composite stock price index. In looking at the factors which determine the monthly average income, evidence was produced supporting the hypothesis that there is a significant positive relationship between the composite index and housing loans. The study also produced evidence supporting the view that there is a significant negative relationship between employment ratios, the house sale pricing index and spending rates for care or medical needs. The study found that the consumer price index and composite stock price index were not significant variables. The implications of these findings are discussed for further research.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.303-329
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• 2017

This study aimed to explore the trajectories of computer game use of school age children and to identify the related predictors. The data for this study used Korean Children and Youth Panel data covering from the second year to the sixth year of elementary school. A total of 1,959 participants were analyzed. Latent class growth model was employed to explore the trajectories of computer game use and multinomial logistic regression was conducted to identify the significant predictors. Main results indicated that three types of trajectories were identified: low game using group, high initial using-fluctuating group, and high increasing game using group. Each group was found to be associated deferentially with sex, aggression, attention deficit, main caregiver's education, siblings, parent absence after-school, neglecting, family income, family trip, school grades, and peer relationship. Based on these findings, this study emphasized the importance of predictive intervention for the game user among early school age children and suggested useful practical strategies.