• Applied Microscopy
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.122-129
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• 1995

Pancreatic endocrine cells of the native Korean goat were investigated immunocytochemically at electron microscopic level. All glucagon-, insulin-, somatostatin- and pancreatic polypeptide(PP)-immunoreactive cells were showed chromogranin(CG) immunoreactivity in the secretory granules of each cells. In addition, bovine pancreatic polypeptide immunoreactivity was found to be colocalized in the secretory granules of the glucagon and insulin cells. These observations support that chromogranin is available as the marker of pancreatic endocrine cells on the native Korean goat and BPP colocalized in the secretory granules of glucagon and insulin cells.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2000

Regional distribution and relative frequency of endocrine cells in the pancreas of the red-eared slider, Trachemys scripta elegans, were investigated by immunohistochemical methods. Chromogranin (Cg) A-, serotonin-, insulin-, glucagon-, somatostatin-, bovine pancreatic polypeptide (BPP)- and human pancreatic polypeptede (HPP)-immunoreactive cells were identified in this study. Most of immunoreactive cells in the exocrine and endocrine pancreas (Langerhans islet) were generally spherical or spindle-shaped (open-typed cell), while occasionally cells round in shape (close-typed cell) were found in the basal portion or interepithelial regions of the pancreatic duct. These immunoreactive cells were located in the exocrine, endocrine pancreas and/or basal or interepithelial portion of the pancreatic duct. Serotonin-immunoreactive cells were found in the basal portion of epithelia of the pancreatic duct at a low frequency and interacinar region of the exocrine at a moderate frequency. Insulin-immunoreactive cells were found in the central portion of the endocrine pancreas, interacinar regions of the exocrine pancreas and basal portion of the epithelia of the pancreatic duct at high, moderate and low frequencies, respectively. Glucagon-immunoreactive cells were detected in the periphery of the endocrine pancreas, interacinar region of the exocrine pancreas and basal portion of the epithelia or interepithelia of the pancreatic duct at high, moderate and moderate frequencies, respectively. Somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were dispersed in the whole area of the endocrine pancreas, interacinar regions of exocrine pancreas and basal portion of the epithelia or interepithelia of the pancreatic duct at a moderate frequency. BPP- and HPP-immunoreactive cells were detected in the iinteracinar region of the exocrine pancreas at moderate and hige frequencies, respectively. However, no Cg A- and motilin-immunoreactive cells were detected in this study.

• 한국간담췌외과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.364-370
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• 2024

Backgrounds/Aims: We evaluated long-term pancreatic functional outcomes, including pancreatic volumetry after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for peri-ampullary neoplasm. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 353 patients with a 12-month follow-up who underwent elective pancreaticoduodenectomies for peri-ampullary neoplasms at a single university hospital between January 2011 and December 2020. Perioperative and postoperative outcomes, long-term pancreatic endocrine functions, and pancreatic volume changes 12 month postoperatively were evaluated. Results: The mean age was 65.4 years, and the sex ratio was 1.38. The patients with prediagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) comprised 31.4%. The peri-ampullary neoplasm origins were: the pancreas (49.0%), common bile duct (27.2%), ampulla of Vater (18.4%), and duodenum (5.4%). The 1-week, and 3-, 6-, and 12-month postoperative proportions of patients with DM diagnosed before surgery combined with new-onset postoperative DM were 39.7%, 42.8%, 43.9%, and 49.6%, respectively. The preoperative and postoperative 1-week, and 3-, 6-, and 12-month mean pancreatic volumes were 82.3, 38.7, 28.1, 24.9, and 25.5 mL, respectively. Univariate risk factor analyses for new-onset DM after PD observed no significant difference between the 'No DM after PD' and 'New-onset DM after PD' groups. Conclusions: Following PD for peri-ampullary neoplasms, pancreatic endocrine functions and volumes continued to decrease for a minimum of 12 months. The current study did not identify any causal relationship between pancreatic endocrine dysfunction and pancreatic atrophy following PD.

• International Journal of Stem Cells
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.253-269
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• 2024

Pancreas serves endocrine and exocrine functions in the body; thus, their pathology can cause a broad range of irreparable consequences. Endocrine functions include the production of hormones such as insulin and glucagon, while exocrine functions involve the secretion of digestive enzymes. Disruption of these functions can lead to conditions like diabetes mellitus and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Also, the symptoms and causality of pancreatic cancer very greatly depends on their origin: pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the most fatal cancer; however, most of tumor derived from endocrine part of pancreas are benign. Pancreatitis, an inflammation of the pancreatic tissues, is caused by excessive alcohol consumption, the bile duct obstruction by gallstones, and the premature activation of digestive enzymes in the pancreas. Hereditary pancreatic diseases, such as maturity-onset diabetes of the young and hereditary pancreatitis, can be a candidate for disease modeling using human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), due to their strong genetic influence. hPSC-derived pancreatic differentiation has been established for cell replacement therapy for diabetic patients and is robustly used for disease modeling. The disease modeling platform that allows interactions between immune cells and pancreatic cells is necessary to perform in-depth investigation of disease pathogenesis.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.263-267
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• 1997

The distribution and relative frequencies of the endocrine cells were studied immunohistochemically in the common pancreatic ducts of the Korean native goat with serotonin, glucagon, insulin, BCG, BPP and somatostatin antisera. Serotonin-, glucagon-, BCG-, BPP- and somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were detected in the basal portion of the mucosal gland in the common pancreatic ducts of the Korean native goat but insulin-immunoreactive cells were not detected. The function of these immunoreactive cells and appearance of other immunoreactive cells in the common pancreatic ducts of the Korean native goat were remains unknown.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.321-331
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• 1992

The regional distribution and relative frequency of gastrointestinal endocrine cells were studied immunohistochemically in the gastrointestinal mucosa and pancreas of the fresh water turtle. Ten kinds of endocrine cells were identified in the gastrointestinal tract. Cholecystokinin-8-, bovine pancreatic polypetide-and glucagon-immunoreactive cells were seen throughout the gastrointestinal tract, also among them cholecystokinin-8-immunoreactive cells were most predominant in segment III. Although gastrin- and gastrin/cholecystokinin-immunoreactive cells were found from segment III to VI and X, respectively, they were numerous in segment III. Somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were observed from segment I to VII. 5-hydroxytryptamine- immunoreactive cells were detected in segment I, III, VIII, IX and X. Human pancreatic polypeptide-immunoreactive cells were demonstrated in segment V, VI, VIII, IX and X. Insulin-immunoreactive cells were found from segment III to X except for segment VIII, but rare in segment VII. Neurotensin-immunoreactive cells were found to be restricted to segment VIII, IX and X. No porcine chromogranin-, substance P- and bombesin-immunoreactive cells were detected throughout the gastrointestinal tract of the fresh water turtle. Although typical mammalian pancreatic islets encapsulated by connective tissue were not present in this species, five kinds of endocrine cells-glucagon, insulin, somatostatin, bovine pancreatic polypeptide and 5-hydroxytryptamine-were found in forming small or large groups and scattered in the exocrine gland region. However porcine chromogranin- and motilin-immunoreactive cells could not be demonstrated in the pancreas.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.253-262
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• 1997

To investigate morphological changes in the endocrine pancreas of chicken after pancreatic duct ligation, experimental animals were subdivided to control, 12 hours, 1 day, 2 days, 4 days, 7 days and 10 days groupes and all of three pancreatic ducts of chicken were ligated by surgical procedure and then the morphological changes were observed. In pancreatic islets, the vacuolation and invasion of connective tissue were occurred in all experimental groups and dissociation of pancreatic islets was detected in 4 days after pancreatic duct ligation and hold out to 10 days. The peak of the morphological changes in pancreatic islets was detected in 4 days after pancreatic duct ligation. In the results of immunohistochemical methods against glucagon, insulin, somatostatin and bovine pancreatic polypeptide(BPP), the number of immunoreactive pancreatic islets were decreased but the size increased with time, so the number of immunoreactive cells in each pancreatic islets were increased. Glucagon-immunoreactive cells were not changed but insulin-immunoreactive cells were decreased with time(p<0.05). BPP-immunoreactive cells were increased in 2 days after pancreatic duct ligation and then decreased with time(p<0.05). Somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were increased with time(p<0.05) in dark islets.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2000

The regional distribution and relative frequencies of endocrine cells were studied immunohistochemically (PAP methods) in the alimentary tract and pancreas of the toad, Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor using specific antisera against bovine Sp-1/chromogranin (BCG), serotonin, bombesin, gastrin, substance P (SP), somatostatin, insulin, glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and secretin. Nine kinds of endocrine cells were identified in this study. Spherical or spindleshaped immunoreactive (IR) cells were located in the gastric glands of stomach regions, in the basal portion of the epithelium of intestinal tract or esophagus, and in the exocrine or pancreatic islets with variable frequencies. In the alimentary tract, BCG-IR cells were found in the fundus and pylorus with rare and a few frequencies, respectively. Serotonin-IR cells were demonstrated in the whole alimentary tract including the esophagus. Bombesin- and SP-IR cells were restricted to the stomach regions and gastrin-IR cells were restricted to the pylorus. Somatostatin-IR cells were detected throughout the whole alimentary tract except for the large intestine, However, insulin-, glucagon-, PP-, VIP- and secretin-IR cells were not detected in the alimentary tract. In the pancreas of toad, the distribution and relative frequency of endocrine cells were similar to those of other mammals. Insulin-IR cells were located in the central portion of the pancreatic islets and interspaces of exocrine portions, and glucagon-, somatostatin- and PP-IR cells were detected in the marginal regions of the pancreatic islets and interspaces of exocrine. However, other IR cells were not found in the pancreas. In conclusion, the regional distribution and relative frequency of the endocrine cells in the alimentary tract and pancreas of the toad were similar to other anuran species but some differences which might be caused by feeding habits and species specification were also observed.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.369-379
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• 1993

북극여우의 위장췌 내분비세포의 부위별 분포, 출현빈도 및 세포의 종류를 밝히고자 면역조직화학적으로 관찰하였던 바 위장관에서는 6종, 췌장에서는 4종의 면역반응세포가 동정되었다. 5-HT 및 somatostatin면역반응세포는 전 위장관에 다수 분포하였으나 이중 somatostatin 면역반응세포는 장관에서 소수로 관찰되었다. Gas/CCK 면역반응세포는 주로 유문부와 십이지장에 국한하여 다수 분포하였다. Glucagon 면역반응세포를 분문부와 위저부에서 다수 그리고 장관에서 소수 관찰되었다. BPP 면역반응세포는 분문부와 위저부에 중등도, 대장에 소수 분포하였다. 다수의 porcine CG 면역반응세포가 분문부와 위저부에서만 동정되었다. 한편 췌장에서는 somatostatin, glucagon, BPP 및 insulin 등 4종의 면역반응세포가 췌도 및 외분비부에서 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과는 위췌장 내분비세포의 부위별 분포와 출현빈도가 동물종에 따라 매우 상이하다는 사실을 시사한다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.747-755
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• 1996

한국산 두더지의 위장관 점막과 췌장에 분포하는 내분비세포들의 분포와 출현빈도 및 종류를 알아보기 위하여 면역조직화학적으로 관찰하였던 바, 5-HT 면역반응세포는 극소수내지 중등도의 빈도로 전 장관에 고루 분포하였다. Glucagon 면역반응세포는 대장에 국한하여 출현하였다. 또 bovine CG, BPP 및 somatostatin 면역반응세포들은 각각 십이지장, 공장 그리고 위저부를 제외한 전 장관에 다양한 빈도로 고루 분포하였다. Gas/CCK 면역반응세포는 유문부와 소장에서만 다수 그리고 극소수로 관찰되었으나, insulin 면역반응세포는 전 장관에서 관찰할 수 없었다. 한편 췌도의 주변부에서는 glucagon, somatostatin과 BPP 면역반응세포들이, 중심부에서는 insulin 면역반응세포가 높은 빈도로 동정되었으며 또한 외분비에서는 이들 면역반응세포들이 단독 또는 소수의 집단으로 출현하였다. 이상의 결과로써 두더지의 소화관내분비세포의 분포패턴는 고슴도치의 그것과 유사하였으나 십이지장에서 세포의 종류와 출현빈도가 낮은 것을 알 수 있었다.