• Toxicological Research
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.235-239
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• 1995

This study was conducted to investigate the metallothionein (MT) induction by Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer in cadmium chloride intoxication. The results were as follows: Generally, detoxicatlon effects by Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer extract increased proportionally to the increase of cadmium concentrations. When a 8 mg/g dosage of cadmium was administered, formation of the cadmium and EDTA complex showed the highest antitoxic effect. Also, when a 4 mg/g dosage of cadmium was administered, Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer extract showed the highest antitoxic effect in metallothionein induction. According to the above results, Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer extract administered with cadmium increased metallothionein concentration and decreased the toxicity of cadmium in liver.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 1989

Linoleic acid and ferulic acid were isolated from alkaline hydrolysate of a crude ginseng saponin fraction of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer roots.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.44-48
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• 1994

In adrenaline-stimulated human platelets, panaxadiol (PD) and panaxatriol (PT) from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer did not inhibit the $Ca^{2+}$-innux, but inhibited the formation of thromboxane $A_2$ and the platelet aggregations. It seems that PD and PT block a pathyway interconvefing arachidonic acids (20:4) to thromboxane $A_2$ (TX $A_2$), because the amount of $Ca^{2+}$ which phospholipase C or phospholipase $A_2$ requires to liberate 20 : 4 from membrane phospholipids was increased by PD and PT. These results mean that PH and PT have an antiplatelet effect by Inhibiting the formation of TX $A_2$.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 1993

In Korean ginseng, Panax ginseng C.A Meyer, it was difficult to isolate chloroplast DNA with classical methods, because of the high polysaccharide content of ginseng chloroplast The simple and efficient method of chloroplast DNA isolation from ginseng leaves has been developed by motificalion of recently advanced methods. Also, it can be successfully applied to ctDNA isolation of Chinese cabbage, radish, petunia tobacco as well as ginseng. Isolated chloroplast DNA from ginseng was digested with various restriction endonucleases. It was estimated that the molecular weight of Korean ginseng chloroplast DNA was about 142 kb. There was no difference in restriction endonuclease digestion patterns between two variants of Korean ginseng, which are Jakyung-Jong (violet-stem variant) and Hwang- sook-Jong (yellow-berry variant).

• 생약학회지
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• 제35권1호통권136호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2004

Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (Araliaceae) is listed in Shen Nung Pentsao Ching(神農本草經) as the remedy for replenishing the primodial qi(氣), restoring pulse, treating collapse, tonifing the spleen and lag, promoting the production of body fluid to quench thirst, tranquilizing the mind, and improving the function of brain. The prescriptions of In Sam Tang(人參揚) are also recorded in many other Chinese medical books. The identification of the age of Panax ginseng is very important in commercial market as well as in research field. However, any reports about it have not been clearly established yet. To clarify the criterion, the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the roots of various age Panax ginseng cultivated in Korea were studied. The characteristics of cork layer, secretory canal, and vessel were shown to bε useful keys to confirm the age of Panax ginseng.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.862-866
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• 2002

분말상태의 인삼속 식물들의 품종 및 원산지를 판별하기 위하여 SAW 센서가 내장된 PHGC를 이용하여 향기 패턴을 분석하였다. 한국 백삼을 1로 기준할 때 전체적인 Rt에 대한 frequency pattern의 면적비는 화기삼 $0.248{\sim}0.871$, 전칠삼 $0.030{\sim}0.674$, 중국산 백삼 $0.005{\sim}0.212$ 범위로 나타났다. 분명한 차이를 나타내는 몇 개의 특정 향기성분의 면적비를 보면 $Rt_{20.02}$에서 한국산 백삼 1일 때, 중국산 백삼 0.212, 화기삼 0.343, 전칠삼 0.065이었다. 또한 $Rt_{21.70}$과$Rt_{24.90}$에서 검출되는 향기성분의 면적비도 품종간의 차이가 뚜렷하였다. 한국산 백삼과 중국산 백삼에서 검출된 Rt_26.15 향기성분의 면적비는 각각 1과 0.185로 나타나 원산지간의 차이도 분명히 나타났다. $Rt_{26.15}$의 향기성분은 화기삼과 전칠삼에서는 검출되지 않았다. Frequency pattern, derivative pattern을 Vapor $print^{TM}$을 사용하여 도형화하여 비교한 결과 한국 백삼(Korean Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer), 화기삼(미국삼, 서양삼, Panax quinquefolium L.), 전칠삼(Panax notoginseng F.H. Chen), 중국산 백삼(Chinese Panax ginseng)은 서로 다른 패턴을 보여주어 품종간의 차이는 물론 원산지의 차이도 뚜렷하게 나타났다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.237-243
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• 1995

Agmatine iminohydrolase (EC 3.5.3.12) catalyzes the hydrolysis of agmatine into putrescine. The enzyme seems to be one of the critical enzymes in putrescine biosynthesis. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer by combined method of ammonium sulfate 1 fractionation, DEAR anion exchange column, hydroxyapatite column and agmatine carboxyhexyl Sepharose 4B affinity column. The molecular weight estimated by native pore gadient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was 71, 000 Dalton, while that estimated by SDS-PAGE was 70, 000 Dalton, indicating a monomeric enzyme. The optimal pH and temperature were 9.0 and 37$^{\circ}C$, respectively. The Km and 1 Vmax for agmatine were 8.3 mM and 14.4 nmole/hr, respectively. Heat stability of this enzyme was high. The enzyme was observed to be inhibited by polyamines such as putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine and spermine. Especially, putrescine was a potent inhibitor of the purified enzyme. These results suggest that polyamines could be important in growth regulation of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.144-149
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• 1992

Invertase was extracted from Korean ginseng(Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) leaf with deionized water, and then prepared by ammonium sulfate(0.4~0.6 Sat.) fractionation, the enzymological properties of the invertase were investigated, and the results obtained were as follows. The optimum pH and temperature of the enzyme were pH 6.0 and 4$0^{\circ}C$ respectively. The enzyme was stable in the pH range of pH 6.0 to 8.0, and at the temperature below 4$0^{\circ}C$. The enzyme was inactivated completely by the treatment with some proteases(pepsin, trypsin, papain and ficin) and protein denaturants(8M urea and 6M guanidine-HCI), but not with glycosidases (a-amylase, $\beta$-amylase and glucoamylase). The enzyme catalyzed specifically the hydrolization of the $\beta$-fructofuranosides such as sucrose and inulin.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.246-249
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• 1993

Hexane, Hexane/diethylether and chloroform fractions from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer stroungly inhibitied human platelet aggregation induced by a high dose of thrombin (2$\mu$/ml). Chloroform fraction more strongly inhibited the platelet aggregation than the other two fraction among them. There were fatty acid ester and phosphate ester instead of polyacethylene compounds in the chloroform fraction.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.48-51
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• 1989

A new polyacetylene compound with cytotoxic activity against L1210 cells having diyne-ene and epoxy moiety, named panaxyne epoxide, was isolated from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. The chemical structure of the polyacetylene was determined to be tetradeca-13-ene-1,3-diyne-6,7-epoxide by UV, IR, $^1H-NMR,\;^{l3}$C-NMR and mass spectra.