• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.231-243
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• 2022

Beam-column joints (BCJs) are recognized among the most crucial zones in reinforced concrete structures, as they are the critical elements subjected to a complex state of forces during a severe earthquake. Under such conditions, BCJs exhibit behaviors with impacts that extend to the whole structure and significantly influence its ductility and capability of dissipating energy. The focus of this paper is to investigate the effect of undamaged transverse beam (secondary beams) on the ductility of concrete BCJs reinforced with conventional steel and shape memory alloys bars using pushover analysis at tip of beam under different axial load levels at the column using a nonlinear finite element model in ABAQUS environment. A numerical model of a BCJ was constructed and the analysis outcomes were verified by comparing them to those obtained from previous experiments found in the literature. The comparison evidenced the capability of the calibrated model to predict the load capacity response of the joint. Results proved the ability of undamaged secondary beams to provide a noticeable improvement to the ductility of reinforced concrete joints, with a very negligible loss in load capacity. However, the effect of secondary beams can become less significant if the beams are damaged due to seismic effects. In addition, the axial load was found to significantly enhance the performance of BCJs, where the increase in axial load magnified the capacity of the joint. However, higher values of axial load resulted in greater initial stiffness of the BCJ.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.365-375
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• 2022

This study examines the relationship between board gender diversity and financial performance. The annual data of Palestinian nonfinancial listed enterprises from 2015 to 2019 was analyzed using a longitudinal panel analysis for the study's purposes. When conditional mean regression methodologies were used in the study, the results indicate that there is an insignificant relation between board gender diversity and firm financial performance. However, when analyzing women directors' effect on a firm's financial performance, endogeneity is always a concern, therefore, we test for endogeneity by employing the Darbin-Wu Housman test and then by using 2SLS. Nevertheless, when looking at the dispersion of a firm's performance using quantile regression, the results show that having women on the board improves financial performance slightly, especially for high-financial-performing firms. The findings indicate that there is a legal significant gap hindering the protection of gender diversity in boardrooms, and limiting the existence and representation of women in leadership positions, specifically, board of directors. The results of this study contribute to corporate governance and business culture literature by shedding the light on the importance of board gender diversity, to improve the firm financial performance, and hence, protect the interests of all shareholders' categories.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.19
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• pp.175-194
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• 1992

Le Proche-Orient est le pays de la Bible, Le peuple He breu ancien, appartenant la race des S mits s mi-nomades, est venu avec Abraham, de m sopotamie en Palestine, terre de Canaan. Nous avons consid r les v tements du peuple des anciens H breux en nous basant sur la Bible et en observant des peintures murales et des bas-reliefs des divers payes de l'ancienne poque, Pour comprendre l' volution des v tements des gens de la pr sente r gion palestinienne, nous avons tudi les v tements traditionnels de la race b douine qui m nent jusqu' maintenant une vie nomade dans le m nent jusqu' maintenant une vie nomade dans le d sert, parce que nous n'avons pas pu connaitre le processus d' volution des v tements apr s l'ancienne poque la suite d' v nements historiques compliques. En conclusion, nous pouvons nous r sumer comme suit: 1) Nous pensons que la kimlah, costume important du peuple h breu ancien est devenu abajeh, manteau des B douins, puisque ces v tements servent prot ger le corps lors des changments de temps, et la nuit on les utilise comme couverture et comme sac pour y mettre des objets, et comme tente lors su travail. en un mot, les fonctions de la Simlah et celles de l'abajeh sont les memes l' poque ancienne et maintenant. 2) Nous pensons que la forme et l'utilisation de la Kethoneth ayant une forme de tunique et de la thob des B douins sont presque semblable. La kethoneth et la thob sont la tuniqu importante que portent jusqu' maintenant tous les peuples du Proche-Orient. 3) Comme on le voit dans la Bible, les femmes du peuple h breu et celles des B douins utilisent le voile pour couvrir la e te, et se servent d'accessoires pour d corer leur corps. A l'avenir, les vVtements des Palestiniens, dans une recherche pous approfondie, feront l'objet de a 2 me partie de l' tude des costumes du Proche-Orient.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.426-434
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• 2018

During the spring season of 2014, a total of 148 melon and watermelon leaf samples were collected from symptomatic and asymptomatic plants in the western and southwestern regions of Saudi Arabia and were tested for the presence of Watermelon chlorotic stunt virus (WmCSV) and other suspected cucurbit viruses by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Ninety-eight samples were found to be positive for the presence of WmCSV, nine samples were positive for the presence of Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV), and 22 showed a mixed infection with both WmCSV and CYSDV. No other cucurbit viruses were detected in any of the samples. Host range experiments revealed that eight out of fourteen tested plant species were susceptible to WmCSV. PCR products of approximately 1.2 kb were obtained after amplification using primers specifically targeting the coat protein region of WmCSV. Positive PCR results were confirmed by dot blot hybridization. Coat protein gene sequences from eleven WmCSV isolates indicated that the highest identity was between the 104WMA-SA isolate from the Wadi Baish location and a previously reported isolate from the AL-Lith location in Saudi Arabia. The lowest identity was observed between the 42WMA-SA isolate and an isolate from Palestine.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.42
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• pp.251-276
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• 2015

The purpose of this article is to examine Israeli intelligence activity which had contributed to the building of Israel and of its national identity. In the late 19th, the Jews scattered around the world had shared the image of victims shaped in the history of the persecution. In this process, intelligence activity was a staple factor which established the state of Israel; political and religious community. Fighting against Arabs, Israel's intelligence agents had played key role in migrating Jews to Palestine and building their own state. In other words, Intelligence activity was the instrument of implementing political Zionism, Jewish nationalism. Even after independence in 1948, despite the opposition of Arab, Israeli intelligence agencies had persuaded the United States and the Soviet Union to recognize Israel as a member of the international society. Arab countries, nevertheless, had regarded Israel as 'a state to be disappeared', and its national identity was totally denied. However, Israel officially gained recognition for statehood through Arab-Israeli war and summit talks with Egypt. Israel finally restored the 'Promised Land' that is recorded in the Bible and established its identity of a winner. In conclusion, Israeli intelligence agency played a decisive role in founding the nation and even forming the consciousness of the people.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.25-47
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• 2011

The paper will investigate the chances of progress in the peace process in Middle East. Robert Hazo's 1993 article mainly argued the Palestinians and Syrian problems. He saw that these two problems are one of the key issue that current Middle East problem which involves Israel. The key tenants of his argument will be dissected to assess whether this view holds true in the light of developments in the Middle East in the intervening years. The Arab-Israeli struggle remains one of the most intractable in history. In 1993 Robert Hazo concluded that 'the conflict is a terminal struggle'. This paper investigates his analysis in light of progress or lack of in the intervening period and against the contemporary strategic environment. It uses information presented in academic, government, newspaper and world wide web articles to conclude that Hazo's assessment remains valid. While the various talks since 1993 combined with the potential benefits the United States, Israel and Syria could gain from a settlement proffer hope, the issue of 'right of return, borders and Jerusalem are unlikely to be bridged in the near future.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.15-19
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• 2021

In May 2021, a major conflict broke out between Israel and Palestine. Fourteen days after the conflict began, a ceasefire between the two sides was signed with the victory of Defense Forces (IDF). One of the reasons why IDF was able to lead the dispute to victory with the minimum damage in the shortest period of time is that the female workforce in IDF turned on. also, there are currently 33% of the female workforce in IDF, and various tasks are carried out in the field by convergence with male workforce. So, in this study, the examples experienced by IDF will provide clues to overcoming the future challenge of Korea's lack of military service resources.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.359-367
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• 2022

Arabic skills are the tools by which children are prepared for the educational procedures on which their life depends. Deaf and hard of hearing students (DHH), must be able to grasp the same Arabic terms as hearing students and their different meanings in a context of different sentences less than what they are supposed to be due to their inability. However, problems arise in the same Arabic word and their different meanings in a context for (DHH) students since the way of comprehending such words does not meet the needs and circumstances of (DHH) students. Therefore, researchers introduce web-based method for Arabic words and their meanings in a context prototype that can overcome those problems. Methodology: The study sample consists of 30 (DHH) students at Al Amal City of Palestine, Gaza Region (GR). Those participants that agreed to take part in this study were recruited using a purposeful sampling method. Additionally, to examine the survey information descriptively, the Statistical Packages for social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0 was used. A sign language teaching movie is utilized in the prototype to standardize the process and verify that Arabic vocabulary and their implications are comprehended. The Evolutionary Process Model of Prototype technique was utilized to create this system. Finding: The findings of this study show that the prototype built is workable and has the ability to help DHHS differentiate between phrases that have the same letters but distinct meanings. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to a better understanding and application of Development of Web-based Arabic Assessments for (DHH) Students in developing countries, which will help to increase the use of Development of Web-based Arabic for (HDD) students in those countries. The empirical models of Web-based Arabic for (DHH) students are established as a proof of concept for the proposed model. The results of this study are predicted to have a significant impact to the information system practitioners and to the body of knowledge.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.27-36
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• 2015

Electronic cultural atlases based on a variety of topics have been studied because of recently increased interest about them. Existing cultural atlases are difficult to analyze the correlation between the subjects and to make utilization based on the various points of view since they are implemented mostly by a single theme. To solve these problems, we propose a method that express a variety of themes by using layer functions of electronic cultural atlases. Using thematic overlay functions, also, application plans are suggested to analyze the relationship between subjects and to derive new knowledge through the association of various themes.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.441-453
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• 1998

Varieties of the cereals produced in the Biblical times and the ways these cereal foods have been grafted into Korean food culture has been pursued, and the regulations of agricultural life and the metaphors or parables of cereals represented throughout the Bible have been studied. The word "grain" appears eight times in the KJV and one hundred seventeen times in the RSV. On the other hand, the word "corn" shows up one hundred and one times in the KJV but not in the RSV at all. Wheat, one of the earliest cultivated and the most important grains for food is mentioned fifty two times in KJV and generally the rich in those days lived on wheat in the parched state or in the form of bread. Barley, one of the staple cereal crops of Palestine is referred to thirty six times in the KJV. It was less expensive than wheat and so was used mainly for the food of such animals as horses, donkeys and cattle, but sometimes it was mixed with flour and used for making bread for men, mostly for Poor men. The spelt (in ASV and RSV) and the rie(in KJV) appearing in Exodus 9:32 is a kind of grain, which is translated into Na-mack (in Hangul Revised Bible ; HRB), Ssal-bori (in Hangul Common Translated Bible : HCB) and Ho-mil (in Hangul King James Bible; HKJB) but which should be put into Spelt-mil in Korean. The lentil appearing in Genesis 25 : 34 is translated into Pat (red-bean) and Bul-kong respectively in HRB and HCB but the same word in the Second Book of Samuel is translated into Pat in both HRB and HCB. HCB translates lentil into Bul-kong in Genesis and into Pat in the Second Book of Samuel (23:11). HCB and HKJB which put lentil into Pat in previous parts translate the word into Nok-tu in the Second Book of Samuel. The word, lentil here should be put into lentil-kong and parched pulse into "Poken-Chong-ja" not into Poken-Nok-tu. Millet which is translated into Cho should be put into Gui-jang. filches should not be classified as a grain or a cereal but as a flavor or a condiment, so the word filches should be put into So-Hoi-hyang or Hoi-hyang. Regulations in reference to agriculture are included in the Bible. That is, it is seen that the Bible regulates the observance of the sabbatical year and feasts, the partition of land, how to sow and so on. It is also observed that grains are used for metaphors or parables: wheat represents the peaceful times and straws are compared to trifles. As seen above, there should be more prudent examinations and standards for the translation of grains into Pat, Pul-kong, Nok-tu, Gui-ree, Ssal-bo-ri and Na-mack.i-ree, Ssal-bo-ri and Na-mack.