• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.191-203
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• 2005

Statement of problem. In Korea, the preliminary impression trays for dental and edentulous maxillae are manufactured on the base of the statistical value of Westerners. There had been less study on the dental and edentulous arches of Koreans. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an average dental cast, preliminary impression trays, three-dimensional relation of dental and edentulous maxilla of Koreans Material and methods. The subjects for this study were 173 dental casts of maxilla (dental: 52, edentulous : 146) with ages $18\{\sim}60$ years old. Each of the master casts was measured 69 measuring points on the dental cast or maxilla, and 46 measuring points on the edentulous cast of maxilla with three-dimensional digital measuring machine. Each measuring points were analysed and were overlapped, that three dimensional dental graphic manufactured by CAD/CAM system. Results. 1. A standard of distribution to alveolar bone were width between left and right buccal border lines of the standard 3/4 line. The mean value of dental and edentulous casts were 67.27mm, 63.49mm respectively. 2. Morphological classification of dental casts were divided into three groups or V-shape, O-shape, U-shape, that proportion of distribution were 17%, 16%, 67%, respectively. Dimensional classification of the dental casts were divided into five groups of less than 63mm, 63 up to 65mm, 65 up to 67mm. 67 up to 69mm, more than 69mm, respectively. 3. Morphological classification of edentulous casts were divided into three groups or V-shape, O-shape, U-shape, that proportion of distribution were 18%, 17%, 65%, respectively Dimensional classification of the edentulous casts were divided into five groups of less than 57mm, 57 up to 61mm, 61 up to 65mm, 65 up to 69mm, more than 69mm, respectively. 4. Mean dental and edentulous cast of maxilla were overlapped, the proportion of bone resorption to alveolar bone is higher than that of palatal bone, its difference were higher anterior 2/4 area than posterior 3/4 area. Conclusion. It obtains information of preliminary impression trays for dental and edentulous maxilla of Koreans.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.641-649
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• 2001

The aim of present study was to assess the thickness of masticatory mucosa on the hard palate and tuberosity as a potential donor site for mucogingival surgery. Thickness measurement was performed in 30 dental college students who are periodontally healthy, with a recently developed, ultrasonic device(SDM). The mean age of study subjects was 23.7(range 21-29) years old and the subjects were composed of 18 males and 12 females. Eighteen standard measurement points were defined on the hard palate, located on 3 lines which ran at different distances parallel to the gingival margin. Six positions were designated on each of these 3 lines between the level of the canine and the second molar. On the tuberosity, 6 standard measurement points were defined, located on 2 lines running parallel to the gingival margin at different distances. Data were analyzed to determine differences in gender, between different positions, and between lines, by an analysis of variance. The results showed that the mucosa of the tuberosity was significantly thicker than that of the hard palate region. Gender did not influence the thickness of masticatory mucosa, either on the hard palate or the tuberosity. On the hard palate, mucosa thickness increased as the distance from the marginal gingiva increased. The mucosa over the palatal root of the maxillary first molar was significantly thinner than that at all other positions on the hard palate. Measurement error at palate was 0.25mm, at tuberosity 0.51mm. No difference in the thickness of masticatory mucosa on palate and tuberosity was found between men and women. On the hard palate, soft tissue thickness progressively increased in sites further from the gingival margin. Therefore, we may harvest more thicker graft on the tuberosity that has more masticatory mucosa thickness than hard palate, however the width may not be sufficient for using.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.175-184
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• 2008

연구목적: 본 연구는 가변형 트레이 개발의 일환으로 그 시제품을 제작하고 비가역성 수성 콜로이드 인상재를 사용하여 중국인과 일본인에서 인상채득 시 트레이의 구강 내 적합성를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구재료 및 방법: 가변형 트레이는 한국 성인 악궁의 크기 분석결과를 기본으로 하여 설계하였으며, 먼저 CAD-CAM 작업을 통하여 견본 모형을 제작한 후, 이를 똑같이 복제한 실리콘 간이금형을 만들었다. 그리고 이 금형에 polyurethane을 주입하여 다수의 시제품을 완성하였다. 시제품을 이용하여 중국인으로는 상해 제2의과대학교 구강의학원 학생 60명 (남자 30명, 여자 30명)을 대상으로 하였고, 일본인으로는 일본 구마모토 고등학교 졸업생 60명 (남자 30명, 여자 30명)을 대상으로 인상채득을 실시하고, 측정부위별로 인상체의 두께와 길이를 측정한 후 통계처리를 하여 그 적합성을 평가하였다. 결과: 1. 중국인과 일본인 모두 스탑과 경사면에 의해 트레이의 폭이 적절히 조절되어 대체적으로 3-6mm의 균일한 인상체의 두께를 얻을 수 있었다. 2. 중국인의 상악 트레이에서는 전치 순측 변연부에서 두께가 6.2mm, 견치 순측 변연부에서 두께가 5.9mm, 구개부 중앙은 10.5 mm, 구개부 후방은 9.7mm 높이로 비교적 인상체의 두께가 크게 측정되었다. 3. 중국인의 하악 트레이에서는 제1, 2소구치 접촉점 설측 변연부에서 인상체의 길이가 8.9mm, 전치 설측 변연부에서 7.2mm로 길게 나타났으며, 견치 순측 6.8mm, 소구치 순측 7.0mm로 인상체의 두께가 크게 측정되었다. 4. 일본인의 상악 트레이에서는 전치 순측 변연부에서 두께가 7.4mm, 견치 순측 변연부에서 7.7mm, 구개부 중앙은 9.1mm 높이로 인상체의 두께가 비교적 크게 측정되었다. 5. 일본인의 하악 트레이에서는 견치 순측 7.4mm, 제1, 2소구치 접촉점 순측 변연부 8.4mm로 인상체의 두께가 크게 측정되었다. 결론: 본 가변형 치과 인상용 트레이는 한국인 모형 계측치를 바탕으로 설계되어 한국인에서 적합성이 우수하며, 본 실험의 결과 중국인과 일본인에서도 적합성이 좋아 본 트레이를 범용하여 쉽고 정확한 인상채득을 할 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.187-201
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• 2008

본 연구는 피질골 천공을 동반한 교정적인 치아이동이 통상의 교정적인 치아이동과 조직 재형성의 정도에 차이가 존재하는지 알아보기 위하여 시행하였다. 실험동물은 15주령 군 300 - 350 g의 자성 백서(Sprague-Dawley Rat)를 사용하였으며 피질골 천공을 동반한 치아이동 실험군(TMC group, n = 16)과 단순 치아이동 대조군(TM group, n = 16)으로 나누었다. 모든 실험동물에 20 gm 이하의 힘으로 전치부를 이개시키는 치아 이동을 시행하였으며, 실험군은 상악전치부의 직후방 구개측에서 치근을 손상시키지 않도록 직경 1.0 mm의 microscrew를 사용하여 피질골 천공을 하였다. 모든 실험동물은 1, 4, 7, 14일에 희생시켜서 matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, -8, -13 효소의 RT-PCR과 I형 교원질(Collagen type I)과 Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1)의 면역조직화학염색(immunohisto-chemistry)을 시행하였다. MMP-1은 실험군에서 4일째에 가장 활발한 발현을 보이다가 7일째와 14일째에 조금씩 감소하는 경향을 보인 반면에, 대조군에서는 실험 7일째에 가장 높은 발현을 보이다가 14일째 들어서 감소하는 양상을 보였다. MMP-8은 실험 1일째부터 실험군이 대조군에 비해서 더 많은 발현을 보였으며, 특히 4일째의 실험군에서는 대조군보다 두 배 이상 발현되었다. MMP-13은 실험 1일째의 실험군에서 가장 높은 발현도를 보였으며, 대조군에서는 오히려 미처치 대조군에 비해 더 낮게 발현되었다. I형 교원질의 면역조직화학염색 결과는 실험 4일째부터 압박측에서는 실험군에서 대조군보다 더 많은 교원질의 소실을 보였고, 인장측에서는 대조군이 실험군보다 더 많은 교원질의 염색 소견을 보였다. TIMP-1은 실험 4일째에는 압박측에서 대조군이 실험군보다 치주인대와 치조골의 골세포에서 좀 더 균일한 염색 소견을 보였다. 이상의 실험 결과에서 피질골 천공은 백서의 실험적 치아이동에 있어 치주인대와 치조골 결합 조직의 재형성 속도를 증가시키는 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.555-565
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• 2006

The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the biological stability of the zirconia/alumina composite abutment by histologic and radiographic examination in clinical cases. 17 partially edentulous patients (5 men and 12 women, mean age 47) were treated with 37 implants. The implants were placed following the standard two-stage protocol. After a healing period of 3 to 6 months, zirconia/alumina composite abutments were connected. All radiographs were taken using paralleling technique with individually fabricated impression bite block, following insertion of the prosthesis and at the 3-, 6-, 12 month re-examinations. After processing the obtained images, the osseous level was calculated using the digital image in the mesial and distal aspect in each implant. An ANOVA and t-test were used to test for difference between the baseline and 3-, 6-, 12 months re-examinations, and for difference between maxilla and mandible. Differences at P <0.05 were considered statistically significant. For histologic examination, sample was obtained from the palatal gingiva which implant functioned for 12 months. Sections were examined under a light microscope under various magnifications. Clinically, no abutment fracture or crack as well as periimplantitis was observed during the period of study. The mean bone level reduction(${\pm}standard$ deviation) was 0.34 rom(${\pm}\;0.26$) at 3-months, 0.4 2mm(${\pm}\;0.30$) at 6-months, 0.62 mm(${\pm}\;0.28$) at 12-months respectively. No statistically significant difference was found between baseline and 3-, 6-, 12-months re-examinations (p > 0.05). The mean bone level reduction in maxilla was 0.33(${\pm}0.25$) at 3-months, 0.36(${\pm}0.33$) at 6-months, 0.56(${\pm}0.26$) at 12-months. And the mean bone level reduction in mandible was 0.35(${\pm}0.27$) at 3-months, 0,49(${\pm}0.27$) at 6-months, 0.68(${\pm}0.30$) at 12-months. No statistical difference in bone level reduction between implants placed in the maxilla and mandible. Histologically, the height of the junctional epithelium was about 2.09 mm. And the width was about 0.51 mm. Scattered fibroblasts and inflammatory cells, and dense collagen network with few vascular structures characterized the portion of connective tissue. The inflammatory cell infiltration was observed just beneath the apical end of junctional epithelium and the area of direct in contact with zirconia/alumina abutment. These results suggest the zirconia/alumina composite abutment can be used in variable intraoral condition, in posterior segment as well as anterior segment without adverse effects.