• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.123-140
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• 1985

Variation in the facial pattern and effect of the rotational jaw growth on the facial proportion were studied in serial cephalometric radiographs of 40 Korean children (25 boys, 15 girls) ranging in age from 6 to 13 years. According to Y-axis (N-S-Gn) growth change during the 7 years of period, the subject who had exhibited 'wave-like' manner of Y-axis growth change within ${\pm}\;2^{\circ}$ was classified to the Parallelwise group and the subject who had exhibited Y-axis increase more than $+2^{\circ}$ was classified to the Clockwise rotation group and the subject who had exhibited Y-axis decrease more than $-2^{\circ}$ was classified to the Counterclockwise rotation group. For the comparison of each group, a total of 22 morphologic variables were employed and the data were analyzed by means of computer morphometrics and statistical methods. On the basis of the finding of this study, the following trends were established. 1. The Parallelwise group was $75\%$, the Clockwise rotation group was $12.5\%$ and the Counter-clockwise rotation group was $12.5\%$. 2. The growth pattern of cranial base was related to the rotation of mandible. 9. Maxillary prognathism was occured in the Counterclockwise rotation group and the rotation of palatal plane was occured in the Clockwise rotation group. 4. Mandibular prognathism was occured in the Parallelwise and the Counterclockwise rotation groups, especially in the Counterclockwise rotation group. 5. The degree of maxillo-mandibular divergency was constant in the Clockwise rotation group but decreased in the Counterclockwise rotation and the Parallelwise groups, especially in the Counterclockwise group. 6. There were no differences in the size of the anterior upper facial height (N-ANS) and the posterior lower facial height ((Go-Me)-PNS) but there were differences in the size of the anterior lower facial height (ANS-Me) and the posterior upper facial height ((S-N)-PNS) between each group. 7. The growth increment and the size of the facial depth was not related to the growth pattern of the face but the growth increment and the size of the facial height was related to the growth pattern of the face. 8. Proportional change due to the facial growth rotation was concentrated in the anterior lower face. 9. The most apparent difference between each group was happened in the size of the posterior cranial base (S-Ba) and the facial length (S-Gn).

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.905-916
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• 1997

본 연구는 교정치료시 발치가 안모의 수직 변화에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 규명하기 위해서 비발치군과 발치군으로 구분하였고, 발치군은 비교분석을 위해 제1소구치 발치군, 제2소구치 발치군, 제2대구치 발치군으로 구분하여 교정치료 전, 후의 안모의 수직변화 여부를 평가함으로서 발치가 안모의 수직변화에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 했다. 연구대상은 조선대학교 부속치과병원 교정과에 내원하여 교정치료를 받은 환자 중, 제2대구치까지 맹출하여 성장에 의한 변화요인이 적다고 인정되는 비발치군 남녀 50명, 발치군 남녀 88명으로 하였으며, 비발치군은 비교분석을 위해 42명의 제1소구치 발치군, 24명의 제2소구치 발치군, 22명의 제2대구치 발치군으로 구분하였다. 안모의 수직변화 여부를 규명할 수 있는 14개의 두부방사선 계측항목을 선정하여 교정치료 전, 후의 안모의 수직변화량을 측정하였고, $SPSS/PC^+$ 통계프로그램을 이용하여 교정치료 전, 후의 안모의 수직변화여부를 비교 분석함으로 써 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 교정적 발치여부에 관계없이 모든 군에서 교정치료 전,후의 두부방사선 계측치 사이에 통계학적인 유의성이 없었다. 2. 상, 하악 구치는 모든 군에서 교정치료에 의해 정출되었다. 이는 대부분의 교정치료의 역계 자체가 치아를 정출시키는 기전을 지니고 있음을 의미하며, 특히 발치에 의한 교정치료시 발치공간 폐쇄 및 치아배열을 위해 작용되는 역계로 인해 일어나는 결과로 보인다. 3. 제 2재구치 발치군에서 안모의 수직고경은 교정치료 후에 모두 증가되었다. 이는 치아배열 공간을 확보하기 위해 치열이 후방이동된 결과로 보인다. 4. 교정적 발치와 안모의 수직변화 사이에는 통계학적인 유의성이 없었다. 이는 안모의 수직변화와 교정적 발치는 아무런 관련이 없음을 나타낸다. 5. 두부방사선 계측항목 중 안모의 수직변화에 있어서 각 군 사이에 통계학적으로 유의성 있는 영향을 미치는 항목은 PP-MP, OP-MP, $\underline{1}$ to PP, $\overline{1}$ to MP였다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.488-495
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• 2001

II급 치성교합을 가진 환자에서는 I급 구치부 교합관계를 형성하기 위하여 상악 대구치의 원심이동이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 pendulum장치를 이용한 상악 대구치의 원심이동시 대구치의 이동양상과 고정원의 전방이동 및 정출정도 등 치아와 골격에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 시행되었다. 상악 제1대구치를 원심이동시켜 I급 구치관계가 형성된 19명의 환자(남: 8명, 여: 11명, 평균연령 $11.68{\pm}1.52$세)에서 장치 장착 전과 장치제거 직후에 얻어진 측면두부방사선사진을 비교 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. I급 교합관계를 형성하기 위해서 제1대구치는 평균 $2.94{\pm}1.54mm$ 원심이동하였으며, $1.17{\pm}0.97mm$ 함입되었고, 소요기간은 평균 $18.13{\pm}7.95$일이었다. 2. 고정원으로 사용된 치아는 $1.34{\pm}1.40mm$로 유의하게 전방 이동하였으며, $0.48{\pm}0.99mm$ 정출되었다. 또한 절치는 유의한 전방이동 및 순측경사가 발생하였다(P<0.05). 3. 구개평면과 하악평면이 이루는 각은 유의한 증가를 보였다(P<0.05) 4. 제 1소구치 또는 제 1유구치가 고정원으로 이용된 경우 제2소구치 또는 제2유구치가 이용된 경우 보다 전방이동이 증가하였다(P<0.005) 5. 제2대구치의 발육단계에 따른 제1대구치 및 제2대구치의 이동양상은 어떤 항목과도 유의성이 없었다(P<0.05). 6. 얻어진 총 공간 중 74%는 제1대구치의 원심이동이, 26%는 소구치의 전방이동에 의하여 얻어졌다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 pendulum appliance는 상악 대구치의 원심이동에 매우 효과적이었으며, 고정원의 소실을 최소화하기 위해 제2유구치 또는 제 2소구치가 포함되어야 한다. 또한 제1대구치의 원심경사는 필연적으로 일어나며, 이를 최소화하기 위한 노력이 계속되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.253-271
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference of EMG activity of the Orbicularis oris and Mentalis muscle between normal occlusion and class III malocclusion group during various lip position and to find out whether any correlations exist between the muscular activity and craniofacial morphology. In this study, 50 subjects with a mean age of 22.9 Years (range 20.0-26.0) were investigated (25 subjects were normal occlusion, and 25 subjects were class III malocclusion). EMG data were recorded from the Orbicularis oris and Mentalis muscle during rest lip posture, lip position at maximum biting, lip position at maximum sealing effort, lip position at chewing, swallowing and phonation with the Medelec MS-25 electromyographic machine. Lateral cephalometric radiographs was taken with the mandible in intercuspal position on all subjects. All data were recorded and statistically processed. The findings of this study can be summerized as follows: 1. In normal occlusion, the maximal mean amplitude of upper lip during the lip position at chewing was lower than that of lower lip and mentalis muscle. But the maximal mean amplitude of orbicularis oris and mentalis muscle during the other lip position was not statistically different. 2. In Class III malocclusion, the maximal mean amplitude of upper lip during the lip position at chewing, swallowing and phonation was lower than that of lower lip and mentalis muscle. But the maximal mean amplitude of orbicularis oris and mentalis muscle during the other lip position was not statistically different. 3. Compare to normal occlusion, the Class III malocclusion was showed low maximal mean amplitude of upper lip during rest lip posture and the lip position at swallowing of saliva, and showed great maximal mean amplitude of lower lip and meantalis muscle during the lip position at chewing and phonation. 4. In normal occlusion, the maximal mean amplitude of upper lip during various lip position was not correlated with the length and thickness of upper lip, but the maximal mean amplitude of lower lip during the lip position at chewing and swallowing was positively correlated with the thickness of lower lip. 5. In Class III malocclusion, the maximal mean amplitude of upper lip during rest lip posture was negatively correlated with the thickness of upper lip, and the maximal mean amplitude of lower lip and mentalis muscle during the lip position at chewing and swallowing was positively correlated with the thickness of lower lip and mentalis muscle. But the maximal mean amplitude of orbicularis oris and mentalis muscle during the other lip position was not correlated with the cephalometric measurements of soft tissue. 6. The correlation between the maximal mean amplitude of orbicularis oris and mentalis muscle and cephalometric measurements of incisors was not nearly present. 7. In normal occlusion, the maximal mean amplitude of lower lip and mentalis muscle during the lip position at maximum biting was negatively correlated with the angle between palatal plane and mandibular plane. In Class III malocclusion, the maximal mean amplitude of upper lip, lower lip and mentalis muscle during function was negatively correlated with the length of maxilla, the maximal mean amplitude of upper lip and lower lip during function was negatively correlated with the SNA and SNPo, and the maximal mean amplitude of lower lip during the lip position at chewing was negatively correlated with the ANB.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.753-768
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• 1995

For accurate impression taking of dental patient and esthetic denture treatment of ednetulous patient, measuring between intraoral anatomic landmarks is useful.In this study the subjects selected at a random were two-jundred forty persons with a mean age 22.5(range 21-24) and were taken impression of by irreversible hydrocolloid impression material(Alginate). On the study model made by dental stone, each individual tray was made and final impresion was taken by border moilding. On final model measurings were performed with 3-dimensional measuring device and the values were analyzed by t-test The results is following : ABOUT THE MEASURED VALUES. 1. The width between maxillary right and left canine cusp tip was average 36.44mm(s.d. 2.48), man 36.67mm, woman 35.83mm(p<0.05). 2. The width between labial height of contour of maxillary right and left canine was average 40.08mm(s.d. 2.42), man 40.29mm, woman 39.52mm(p<0.05). 3. The width between mesio-lingual cusps of maxillary first molar was average 43.14mm(s.d. 3.33), man 43.56mm, woman 42.05mm(p<0.05). 4. The width between buccal alveolar ridge on axis of mesiolingual cusp of right and left maxillary first molar was average 64.89mm(s.d. 3.88), man 65.58mm, woman 62.92mm(p<0.05). 5. The width between buccal alveolar ridge on axis of mesiolingual cusp of right and left maxillary second molar was average 68.58mm(s.d. 3.91), man 69.29mm, woman 66.30mm (p<0.05). 6. The width between right and left hamular notch was average 49.80mm(s.d. 3.96), man 50.70mm, woman 48.20mm(p<0.05). 7. The length from labial heigth of contour of maxillary central incisor to center of incisive papilla was average 9.52mm(s.d. 1.18), man 9.46mm, woman 9.63mm(p>0.05). 8. The length from labial heigth of contour of maxillary central incisor to palatine fovea was average 53.27mm(s.d. 2.93), man 53.93mm, woman 52.08mm(p<0.05). 9. The center of incisive papilla ws located posterior to intercanine line at 0.40mm(s.d. 1.16), man 0.51mm, woman 0.11mm(p<0.05). 10. The height from incisal edge of maxillary central incisor to the labial vestibule was average 21.84mm(s.d. 1.38), man 22.01mm, woman 21.00mm(p<0.05). 11. The height from mesiolingual cusp of maxillary first molar to buccalvestible was average 17.45mm(s.d. 1.42), man 17.56mm, woman 17.08mm(p>0.05). 12. The height from hamular notch to standard occlusal plane was average 6.84mm(s.d. 1.06), man 6.91mm, woman 6.70mm(p>0.05). 13. The height from the deepest point of palatal vault to standard occlsalplane was average 19.95 mm(s.d. 2.03), man 20.19mm, woman 19.12mm(p<0.05). ABOUT THE ARCH FORM 1. The arch form was able to classify into four typr by the rate of the measured values. Each arch form distribution was that the 1 group had 32.46% the 2 group 2.19%, the 3 group 52.83%, the 4 group 12.72%. The sexual composition was that in 1 group man had 73.5%, woman 26.5%, in 2 group man had 40.0%, woman 60.0%, in 3 group man had 83.3%, woman 16.7%, and in 4 group man had 55.17%, woman 44.83%. 2. When canine cusp tip was marked as point O, the intersection point between labial height of contour of maxillary central incisor and intermaxillary suture as point A, height of contour of maxillary second molar buccal alveolar ridge as B point, ${\angle}$AOB was measured $133.8^{\circ}$for the 1 group, $133.0^{\circ}$for the 2 group, $132.3^{\circ}$for the 3 group, $128.9^{\circ}$for the 4 group.