• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term stability of rapid palatal expansion (RPE) followed by full fixed edgewise appliances. Methods: This study included 67 patients treated using Haas-type RPE and non-extraction edgewise appliance therapy at a single orthodontic practice. Serial dental casts were obtained at three different time points: pretreatment ($T_1$), after expansion and fixed appliance therapy ($T_2$), and at long-term recall ($T_3$). The mean duration of the $T_1-T_2$ and $T_2-T_3$ periods was $4.8{\pm}3.5years$ and $11.0{\pm}5.4years$, respectively. The dental casts were digitized, and the computed measurements were compared with untreated reference data. Results: The majority of treatment-related increases in the maxillary and mandibular arch measurements were statistically significant (p < 0.05) and greater than expected for the untreated controls. Although many measurements decreased postretention ($T_2-T_3$), the net gains persisted for all of the measurements evaluated. Conclusions: The use of RPE therapy followed by full fixed edgewise appliances is an effective method for increasing maxillary and mandibular arch width dimensions in growing patients.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.95-108
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• 1982

The purpose of this study was to analyze the growth and development of tooth germ and dental arch related to the bone growth during the fetal period. From 70 maxillae and 61 mandibles of the fetus aged 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 months, X-ray films were taken and measured. The results were as follows; 1. There was remarkable bone growth in the anterior and posterior area of palatum osseum, that were the intetior portion of both deciduous canines anteriorly and the intero-posterior portion of both deciduous second molars posteriorly, where there was active bone growth and radiate formation of bony trabeculae was found. 2. The Growth of anterior tooth germ was greater than that of posterior tooth germ, so anterior tooth germs were crowded. Especially in maxilla, the tooth germs of deciduous lateral incisors were located inside of dental arch and the tooth germs of deciduous canines were located outside of dental arch. 3. Crowding amount increased with the fetal age because the growth of tooth germs was greater than that of jaw bone. 4. In the growth of upper dental arch, the increase of width was greater than that of length. 5. There was proportional relationship between the area of Palatal Trapezoid and the fetal age.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.55-63
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• 1997

치열궁의 크기와 폭경 변화에 대한 연구가 사용된 장치 형태, 사용시기에따라, 그리고 사용 목적에 따라 다양한 연구가 활발히 이루어져 왔다. 또한 Quad-helix도 선학들에게 관심의 대상이었으며 Quad-helix의 안정성과 장치 사용 전, 후에 대한 효과도 연구가 이루어졌다. 그러나 장치 사용에 대한 장기적인 효과에 대한 연구가 미흡하여 본 논문은 이 장치를 사용하여 치료한 환자의 치료전,후 및 보정후의 치열궁 변화에 대한 연구를 시행하여 Quad-helix사용 전, 후 구치부의 적응 양상을 연구함으로써 임상에서 Quad-helix를 통한 치료를 시행할 때 이 장치사용에 따른 효과 및 예후에 대하여 효과를 이해함으로써 교정치료에 도움을 주고자 연구를 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Quadhelix를 사용한 교정치료시 상악 제 1 소구치 와 제 1 대구치는 치료전과 치료후 및 보정후에서 교두간 폭경의 증가를 보였고 제 2 소구치에서는 치료후와 보정후간에 유의성있는 증가를 보였다. 2. 상악 제 1 소구치와 제 1 대구치의 치축은 치료전과 치료후 그리고 보정후에서 협측 경사도가 유의하게 증가를 보였으며, 상악 제 2 소구치는 치료전과 치료후 및 치료전과 보정후 비교에서 설측 경사도가 유의하게 증가를 보였다. 3. 최대 풍융부 항목에서 상악 제 1, 2소구치는 치료전과 치료후의 비교에서 유의한 증가를, 제 1 대구치에서는 치료전,후, 및 보정후에 유의한 증가를 보였다. 4. 상악 제 1 대구치의 설면구 폭경은 치료전,후 및 보정기간을 통하여 유의한 증가를 보였고,구개 높이는 치료전과 치료후 비교시 유의한 증가를 보였다. 5. 확장시킨 상악 치열궁은 회귀현상을 보이지 않고 안정적으로 유지되었다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.304-313
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• 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the stability of bimaxillary surgery involving bilateral intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy performed with or without presurgical miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) in adult patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion. Methods: A total of 40 adult patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion were retrospectively divided into two groups (n = 20 each) according to the use of MARPE for the correction of transverse maxillomandibular discrepancy during presurgical orthodontic treatment. Serial lateral cephalograms and dental casts were analyzed until 6 months after surgery. Results: Before presurgical orthodontic treatment, there was no significant differences in terms of sex and age between groups. However, the difference of approximately 3.1 mm in the maxillomandibular intermolar width was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Two days after surgery, the mandible had moved backward and upward without any significant intergroup difference. Six months after surgery, the maxillary intercanine (2.7 ± 2.1 mm), interpremolar (3.6 ± 2.4 mm), and intermolar (2.0 ± 1.3 mm) arch widths were significantly increased (p < 0.001) relative to the values before presurgical orthodontic treatment in the MARPE group; these widths were maintained or decreased in the control group. However, there was no significant difference in surgical changes and the postsurgical stability between the two groups. No significant correlations existed between the amount of maxillary expansion and postsurgical mandibular movement. Conclusions: MARPE is useful for stable and nonsurgical expansion of the maxilla in adult patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion who are scheduled for bimaxillary surgery.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.236-244
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• 2015

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate three-dimensional molar displacement after distalization via miniscrews and a horizontal modification of the trans-palatal-arch (TPA). Methods: The subjects in this clinical trial were 26 Class II patients. After the preparation of a complete set of diagnostic records, miniscrews were inserted between the maxillary 2nd premolar and 1st molar on the palatal side. Elastic modules connected to the TPA exerting an average force of 150-200 g/side parallel to the occlusal plane were applied. Cone-beam computed tomography was utilized to evaluate the position of the miniscrews relative to the adjacent teeth and maxillary sinus, and the direction of force relative to molar furcation. The distances from the central point of the incisive papilla to the mesiopalatal cusps of the 1st maxillary molars and the distances between the mesiopalatal cusps of the left and right molars were measured to evaluate displacement of the maxillary molars on the horizontal plane. Interocclusal space was used to evaluate vertical changes. Results: Mean maxillary 1st molar distalization was $2.3{\pm}1.1mm$, at a rate of $0.4{\pm}0.2mm/month$, and rotation was not significant. Intermolar width increased by $2.9{\pm}1.8mm$. Molars were intruded relative to the neighboring teeth, from 0.1 to 0.8 mm. Conclusions: Distalization of molars was possible without extrusion, using the appliance investigated. The intrusive component of force reduced the rate of distal movement.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.23-34
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 III급 수술-교정 치료 방법에 영향을 미치는 치열 상의 요소를 파악함으로써 술전 교정시 상악 소구치 발치와 비발치의 판단에 필요한 임상적 정보를 얻고자 골격성 III급 부정교합 환자의 수술-교정 치료시 흔히 선택되는 상악 제1소구치 발치로 치료된 군과 비발치로 치료된 군 간의 치료전/후 상/하악 개별 치아 이동 양상과 치열궁 폭경의 변화 양상을 비교 분석하였다 이를 위하여 비발치로 III급 수술-교정 치료를 마친 환자 (24명) 와 술전교정 치료시 상악 제1소구치가 발치된 환자 (31 명)의 치료 전/후 모형 상에서 개개 치아의 근원심/협설측 각도 변화와 상/하 치열궁 폭경의 변화를 측정한 후, 두 군 사이의 교정적 치아 이동 양상을 비교 분석한 후 상/하 치열궁의 조화를 이루는데 필요한 치열궁 폭경의 변화와 이에 기여하는 치아 변위와의 관계를 분석하기 위하여 상관 분석과 회귀 분석을 시행한 결과 발치 군은 비발치 군에 비하여 상악 치열궁 폭경의 감소가 컸으며 이는 상악 구치의 inclination 감소에 크게 영향 받은 것으로 관찰되었다. 하악 치열에서는 inclination의 증가와 폭경의 증가가 있었으나, 비발치/발치군간의 차이는 유의하지 않았다 본 연구의 결과 결론적으로 III급 수술-교정 치료시 술전 상악 소구치 발치는 상악 구치부 치열궁 폭경의 감소에 크게 영향을 미치므로, 상악 소구치 발치에 대한 판단은 상/하악 치열궁의 폭경 및 구치부 경사도 문제와 연계하여 고려해야 할 사항으로 생각되었다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.33-45
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• 1987

This study was designed to examine relations between posture and size of the tongue and dentoalveolar pattern. The sample was consisted of three groups, the 34 subjects of Normal occlusion, the 31 subjects of Bimaxillary protrusion and the 31 subjects of Class III malocclusion. On the cephalograms, lengths, heights and areas of the tongue and intermaxillary space and on the study model, arch length, intercanine width, intermolar width and palatal height were measured. These data from measuring cephalograms and models were statistically analyzed. The results of the study were as follows; 1. Length of the tongue was the greatest in Bimaxillary protrusion and in order of Normal occlusion and Class III malocclusion. 2. Posture of the tongue was the lowest in Class III malocclusion and in order of Bimaxillary protrusion and Normal occlusion. 3. There were a tendency to be larger area of tongue and intermaxillary space in Class III malocclusion compared to Normal occlusion and Bimaxillary protrusion. 4. Size of the tongue and intermaxillary space showed low correlations with the dentoalveolar pattern.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.603-614
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• 1991

To study the possibility of attraction magnetic forces to expand maxillary arch, we used 2 big adult dogs, 2 small puppies, 1 small adult dog as experiments, and 1 small adult dog as a control. We measured the intercanine width and intermolar width and histologically observed in the suture and cervical and apex region of teeth and took occlusal X-rays to observe separation of suture line in the maxilla. The results were as follows: 1. Expansion velocities of intercanine (0.25mm/day) and intermolar widths (0.23mm/day) in puppies were faster than those (0.135mm/day, 0.09mm/day) in adults. 2. In all experiments in adults (0.135mm/day) and puppies (0.25mm/day), expansion velocity of intercanine widths were faster than those (0.09mm/day, 0.23mm/day) of intermolar width. 3. In all experiments ectatic changes were observed and cellularities of fibroblast increased in the suture line. Only in adults dogs the separations of palatal suture were observed in the occlusal X-ray view. 4. In the puppies bony deposition was particularly observed in the suture line and micro-bony fragments were often observed. 5. In the all experiments no root resorption was observed in the cervical and root area, but normal root resorption due to eruption of permanent teeth was observed in the puppies.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.753-768
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• 1995

For accurate impression taking of dental patient and esthetic denture treatment of ednetulous patient, measuring between intraoral anatomic landmarks is useful.In this study the subjects selected at a random were two-jundred forty persons with a mean age 22.5(range 21-24) and were taken impression of by irreversible hydrocolloid impression material(Alginate). On the study model made by dental stone, each individual tray was made and final impresion was taken by border moilding. On final model measurings were performed with 3-dimensional measuring device and the values were analyzed by t-test The results is following : ABOUT THE MEASURED VALUES. 1. The width between maxillary right and left canine cusp tip was average 36.44mm(s.d. 2.48), man 36.67mm, woman 35.83mm(p<0.05). 2. The width between labial height of contour of maxillary right and left canine was average 40.08mm(s.d. 2.42), man 40.29mm, woman 39.52mm(p<0.05). 3. The width between mesio-lingual cusps of maxillary first molar was average 43.14mm(s.d. 3.33), man 43.56mm, woman 42.05mm(p<0.05). 4. The width between buccal alveolar ridge on axis of mesiolingual cusp of right and left maxillary first molar was average 64.89mm(s.d. 3.88), man 65.58mm, woman 62.92mm(p<0.05). 5. The width between buccal alveolar ridge on axis of mesiolingual cusp of right and left maxillary second molar was average 68.58mm(s.d. 3.91), man 69.29mm, woman 66.30mm (p<0.05). 6. The width between right and left hamular notch was average 49.80mm(s.d. 3.96), man 50.70mm, woman 48.20mm(p<0.05). 7. The length from labial heigth of contour of maxillary central incisor to center of incisive papilla was average 9.52mm(s.d. 1.18), man 9.46mm, woman 9.63mm(p>0.05). 8. The length from labial heigth of contour of maxillary central incisor to palatine fovea was average 53.27mm(s.d. 2.93), man 53.93mm, woman 52.08mm(p<0.05). 9. The center of incisive papilla ws located posterior to intercanine line at 0.40mm(s.d. 1.16), man 0.51mm, woman 0.11mm(p<0.05). 10. The height from incisal edge of maxillary central incisor to the labial vestibule was average 21.84mm(s.d. 1.38), man 22.01mm, woman 21.00mm(p<0.05). 11. The height from mesiolingual cusp of maxillary first molar to buccalvestible was average 17.45mm(s.d. 1.42), man 17.56mm, woman 17.08mm(p>0.05). 12. The height from hamular notch to standard occlusal plane was average 6.84mm(s.d. 1.06), man 6.91mm, woman 6.70mm(p>0.05). 13. The height from the deepest point of palatal vault to standard occlsalplane was average 19.95 mm(s.d. 2.03), man 20.19mm, woman 19.12mm(p<0.05). ABOUT THE ARCH FORM 1. The arch form was able to classify into four typr by the rate of the measured values. Each arch form distribution was that the 1 group had 32.46% the 2 group 2.19%, the 3 group 52.83%, the 4 group 12.72%. The sexual composition was that in 1 group man had 73.5%, woman 26.5%, in 2 group man had 40.0%, woman 60.0%, in 3 group man had 83.3%, woman 16.7%, and in 4 group man had 55.17%, woman 44.83%. 2. When canine cusp tip was marked as point O, the intersection point between labial height of contour of maxillary central incisor and intermaxillary suture as point A, height of contour of maxillary second molar buccal alveolar ridge as B point, ${\angle}$AOB was measured $133.8^{\circ}$for the 1 group, $133.0^{\circ}$for the 2 group, $132.3^{\circ}$for the 3 group, $128.9^{\circ}$for the 4 group.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2008

연구목적: 본 연구는 가변형 트레이 개발의 일환으로 그 시제품을 제작하고 비가역성 하이드로콜로이드 인상재를 사용하여 백인과 흑인에 서 인상채득시 트레이의 구강내 적합성를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구재료 및 방법: 가변형 트레이는 한국 성인 악궁의 크기 분석결과를 기본으로 하여 설계하였으며, CAD-CAM 작업을 통하여 견본 모형을 제작한 후 이를 이용하여 실리콘 간이 금형을 만든후 시제품을 제작하였다. 제작된 시제품을 이용하여 국내에 거주하는 백인 60명 (남자 30명, 여자 30명)과 흑인 60명 (남자 30명, 여자 30명)의 인상을 채득한 후 측정부위별로 인상체의 두께와 길이를 측정하여 그 적합도를 평가하였다. 결과: 1. 스탑과 경사면에 의해 트레이의 폭이 적절히 조절되어 균일한 인상체의 두께를 얻을 수 있었다. 2. 백인의 상악 트레이에서는 구개부 중앙이 13.0mm, 구개부 후방이 7.4mm로 비교적 인상체의 두께가 크게 측정되었다. 3. 백인의 하악 트레이에서는 전치 설측 기저부에서 인상체의 길이가 6.7mm로 길게 나타났으며 협측 제1,2 소구치 접촉점에서 폭이 6.7mm로 측정되었다. 설측 후방에서 폭이 2.9mm, 길이는 2.8mm로 조금 작게 측정되었다. 4. 흑인의 상악 트레이에서는 전치 순측 기저부에서 폭이 11.0mm, 구개부 중앙은 12.0mm, 구개부 후방은 11.0mm로 크게 측정되었으며 최후방 변연에서는 제2 대구치에서 후방 변연까지의 거리가 0.8mm로 작게 측정되었다. 5. 흑인의 하악 트레이에서는 전치 순측 기저부에서 폭이 9.2mm, 견치 순면에서 폭이 8.2mm로 비교적 크게 측정되었으며 최후방 변연에서는 제2 대구치에서 후방 변연까지의 거리가 0.3mm로 작게 측정되었다. 결 론: 이상과 같은 연구에 의해 측정된 값을 참고로 트레이의 변연 길이나 폭을 수정하고, 악궁의 해부학적 형태를 반영한다면, 이 가변형 트레이를 사용하여 백인과 흑인에서도 임상에서 보다 쉽고 정확한 인상채득을 할 수 있을 것이다.