• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.45-60
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• 2009

This study examined the efficacy of restraining the increase of the bacteria colony of scalp according to the application of the Ayurvedic base oils and essential oils to scalp and hair. The result is as follows. The experiment illustrated that as the result of doing the paired sample t-test of a treated group and a control group according to constitutional oiling, the efficacy of the statistically significant decrease of the colony manifested in six tested groups except the group of Pitta constitution to which sesame and lavender were applied. Also, in a group that sesame was applied to Vata constitution and a group that coconut and lavender were applied to Pitta constitution, according to the passage of time, the result of being reduced the number of the colony was obtained and it showed that the oiling suitable for each constitution has the efficacy to decrease the colony of scalp. At the same time, regardless of the constitutions, the application of oils also showed the efficacy of restraining the increase of the bacteria colony of scalp. As the result of performing Paired Sample t-test for the subjective evaluation of the subjects in pre and post clinical testing, In the analysis of questionnaire that were obtained before and after the clinical testing, the results of all of the items except the item questioning a degree of inflammation appeared to be significant. That is to say, the subjects answered that a degree of keratin or a pain in scalp, an amount of sebum and a degree of hair damage were decreased after the application of oil more than before it. And in the question of a degree of hair damage, the application of oils were proved as having the efficacy to improve the hair damage.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.45-51
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Nursing ethics education(NE) on Spiritual well-being(SW), Attitude toward death(AD) and Perception of hospice palliative care(PH) in nursing students. This research used a one group pretest-posttest experimental design. Thirty hours NE program was given to 42 nursing students for six weeks. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t-test with SPSS 18.0. program. As a result, there are no significant effects of NE on SW, AD and PH. However, it was found one thing interest that neither our nursing ethics education program nor others' had significant effects on attitude toward death. Nurses provide care to people at the end of their lives more often than any other healthcare provider. Therefore it is necessary to study the development of educational programs improving positive attitude toward death.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.163-171
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• 2017

This study is the one group pretest-posttest design study with a view to evaluate the effects of convergence-based education on core basic nursing skills on self-efficacy, confidence and department satisfaction of lower-class nursing students. The subject of this study was 80 sophomore nursing students, the data was collected from March to April 2016. The self-efficacy, confidence and department satisfaction of the target students before and after the education were evaluated using the structured survey, and after the education, the performance ability of the target students was evaluated. The collected data were analyzed through paired t-test. The results of this study showed that all the self-efficacy(p=.045), confidence(p<.001) and department satisfaction(p=.018) increased significantly, indicating that the convergence-based education on core basic nursing skills was effective for improving the self-efficacy, confidence and department satisfaction of lower-class nursing students.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.566-572
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• 2015

Objectives: The major objective of this study was to analyze insomnia after the change to consecutive day shift from day and night shift in a motor assembly factory. Materials: Data were collected at before and after shift system change through a survey conducted by a labor union. We analyzed transition of PSQI(Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) among 222 workers by separating the day shift week and night shift week. The cut-off point of insomnia was 8.5 on the PSQI. Results: Mean PSQI in the day shift week significantly did not decrease, going from $6.36{\pm}3.23$ to $6.46{\pm}3.00$(p=0.612 by paired t-test), Mean PSQI for night shift week significantly decreased from $8.31{\pm}3.36$ to $6.19{\pm}3.18$(p<0.001 by paired t-test). However, mean PSQI in the day shift week increased from $6.33{\pm}3.83$ to $7.11{\pm}2.86$ in ${\geq}50$ years(p=0.085, by repeated measured ANOVA). Mean PSQI score in the night shift week improved more in the married group(from $8.38{\pm}3.27$ to $6.12{\pm}3.18$) than in the non-married group(from $7.82{\pm}3.27$ to $6.12{\pm}3.18$)(p=0.038, by repeated measured ANOVA). Conclusions: The change to consecutive day shift improved insomnia in night shift. However, insomnia in the day shift week was worsened among those more than 50 years old.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.2172-2179
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of Holistic Health Program on spiritual well-being and mental health of nursing students. A one-group pretest-posttest research design was used. The subjects were 42 nursing students attending C College located in Y city. All subjects participated in 13 week holistic health program. The data were analyzed using frequency, paired t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient. The results of this study were as followings; First, the score of spiritual well-being was significantly increased after Holistic Health Program in the subjects. Second, the score of mental heath was significantly increased after Holistic Health Program in the subjects. Based on these results, it was concluded that Holistic Health Program is effective for improving spiritual well-being and mental health of nursing students. Therefore, we recommend this program to be utilized as an effective method for improving spiritual well-being and mental health of nursing students. And this results will provide basic data to develop nursing practice curriculum in the nursing college.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.191-202
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• 2011

Objectives: The questionnaires of body condition were developed to increase golf performance and to find psychological factors in junior golfer. This study was how much golf performances got improved after acupuncture treatment. Methods: October $28^{th}$, $29^{th}$ 2010 and January 2011, 130 junior golfers were taken 8 questionnaires. Sixty junior golfer of them were selected, twenty of them were taken acupuncture treatment spontaneously and forty of them were not taken it. The acupoints were K10, H3, Sp3, H7. The statistics was used paired student t-test of before and after treatment and correlates analysis for analyzing relationship with questionnaires. Results: 1. The result of reliability among questionnaires was signified. 2. About questionnaires, golf score was related with satisfied shots, to endure hungry and about digestion. (p<0.5) 3. Anxiety was related with pain in ribs, about sleep, about bowl movement and about digestion. 4. It was obtained Regression equation of 41.9 % prediction between anxiety and 4 questionnaires. 5. The result of paired T-Test, the difference was $2.45{\oplus}4.69$ between $1^{st}$ score and $2^{nd}$ score in acupuncture treated group. (p<0.05) Conclusions: This study was important to improve golf performance with Asian medicine. Further clinical research is necessary to develop more delicate analyses and questionnaires. Also through the diagnosis and corresponding treatments based on the Asian Medicine, the ways of improving golf performance should be developed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.3665-3671
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• 2013

This study was investigate to impact on safety accidents occurrence for the safety practices of middle school students learn the extent of the failure. A total of 292 patients and it survey data were collected from 5 November 2012 to 11 May 25 of research subjects. Research tools were used SPSS win17.0, the mean and standard deviation, Paired t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient was used. Safey practice and cognitive failure of subjects was related to negative correlation and according as safety practices was higher, cognitive failure was low. According as safety practices and cognitive failure was low, Safety incidents experienced was high. Therefore, by applying safety practices and cognitive failure degree, it need to for research to come up with ways for the prevention of safety accidents. Besides, A variety of safety and accident prevention training programs by expanding the scope of the study in school, it should be done generalization of safety awareness, cultivate and Safety practice.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.100-108
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify the differences in self-efficacy, clinical performance ability, and critical thinking disposition after applying education integrated educational virtual reality simulation to training and outside school clinical practice to nursing college students and to provide them as basic data for effective practical education. This study was conducted from June 8 to July 3, 2020, and enrolled in the 3rd year of university in G city, and 30 subjects who did not receive virtual reality simulation training or outside school clinical training at all. Data were analyzed by Paired t-test. As a result of the study, the result of pretest and posttest to each group showed statistically significant improvements in self-efficacy, clinical performance ability, and critical thinking disposition. As a results of the study, education integrating virtual reality simulation training and clinical practice for nursing students to improves clinical performance ability, improves critical thinking, and self-efficacy, so it is thought that various virtual reality simulation training must be suitable for clinical situations before practice is necessary.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.135-146
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• 2014

The study has compared the effects in SNS-utilized instruction that each of self centric activities and social interaction added social activities affected self initiative, attitudes and self efficacy to information technology respectively. The research methods utilized the pre experimental design as nonequivalent experimental group. The data was analyzed by paired t-test and content analysis. The results showed that the SNS class utilized self-centric activities were effective in self-initiative and attitudes toward information technology, while social interaction added social activities were effective in not only self-initiative and the attitudes of information technology but also self efficacy of information technology. And content analysis of the effects of the education showed that information sharing, instancy and accessibility were advantageous but information security and privacy issues were problematic. That is, it was confirmed that when self-centric activities and social interaction activities were practised simultaneously in SNS-utilized instruction, the self initiative which learners planed and executed by themselves, the attitudes and self efficacy of information technology which were able to enhance learning ability and to show satisfaction to individual learning were improved.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1237-1246
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• 2009

This study was designed to identify and compare the consumption value and interest in appearance with regard to the comparison of men's cosmetics purchase decision factors. We conducted a survey among 259 men who have experienced the re-purchase of men's cosmetics. All data was analyzed with the SPSS Windows 17.0 program in terms of frequency, percentage, means, standard deviations, paired-t test, Cronbach $\alpha$, factor analyses, and multiple regression. In summary, three findings emerged from this study. First, men's cosmetics purchase decision factors included two subfactors: product quality factors (price, quality, skin compatibility, fragrance) and image factors (trend, brand image, consciousness of others, diversion). Second, a paired-t test revealed that the consideration toward the image factors of a first time purchase decision was lower than the re-purchase decision factors. However the consideration toward the product quality factors of a first time purchase decision was not different from the re-purchase decision factors. Third, the product quality factors were positively influenced by distinction factors of appearance and functional value. And social value, emotional value, and curiosity value were found to be effective in the image factors at the first time of purchase and re-purchase. Also, the product quality factors of re-purchase decisions were influenced by the satisfaction of the first time purchase. This study will contribute to provide some information for marketers in understanding men's cosmetics purchase decisions and to offer basic data for marketing strategies and product development.