• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1055-1066
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• 2001

The Purpose of this study is to understand the meaning and the essence of suffering as viewpoint and to find the meaning and structure of the experience from encounters with patients in their terminal stages of illness. Method: A descriptive design based on the phenomenological approach model developed by Collaizzi was used. The period of data collection was from August to November of 2000. Data collection was conducted by open-ended and audio-taped interviews. The participants were nine female nurses who were willing to take part in this study. Results: Results of this study were classified into five main categories. The main category clusters were "difficulty in experiencing suffering," "professional challenges to expert nurses," "formation of empathic relationships," "expanding consciousness through suffering," and "alleviation of the patient's suffering." Conclusion: In conclusion, the implications for providing nursing care to end-stage patients in the throes of suffering is both rewarding and stressful. However, sharing these research results may help other nurses discover and experience deeper meanings in their own practice and careers.deeper meanings in their own practice and careers.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.71-82
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to analyze the phases of back pain occurring on pregnant women, and to raise the necessity of the pain management on the basis of the former analysis. The objective group is 284 pregnant women who visited department of OBGY of hospital located both in Seoul and Andong. The results are as follows; 1. 204(71.8%) pregnant women were suffering from back pain. The ratio of pain occurrance in terms of the duration of pregnancy shows that 78.3% within 3 pregnant months, 68.4% between four and six months and 72.1% over seven month. Most common ares of pain was low back area rating 60.5%. 2. The most painful postural for the suffering women was lying on the back rating 35.9% and the next painful posture was standing rating 34.4%. And the most painful movement was to maintaining continues movement(57.8%). Twisting back rates the second(17.2%). These two variables were relevant each other(p<0.05). 3. 46.7% of pregnant women were experiencing nocturnal pain. Among women experienced the pain before pregnancy, 39.9% were suffering during the pregnancy. The occurrence of nocturnal pain was related to the pain before and after the pregnancy(p<0.05). 4. 58.8% of pregnant women who experience back pain take the pain for granted as a normal proceeding of pregnancy while 3.9% recognize the symptom as an abnormal. Pain recognition in accordance with the phases does not show much difference(p<0.05). 5. It is shown that the more one delivers the number of babies, the faster back pain occurs(p<0.01). 6. 32.3% of the pain-suffering women have family member(s) having back pain. Family member(s) of the women who does not experience the pain don't have the pain either. This case reports 46.1%. Statistically, these two variables are relevant(p<0.01). 7. 43.0% of back pain experiencing women does not have any particular management plan against the pain. 20.7% is exercising as for prevention. Women who recognize the necessity of some means of therapy for their pain marked 42.9%. The majority(65.8%) of women responded exercise gymnastic work-out are most appropriate pain management. The above results show that a great number of pregnant women is experiencing back pain, however, they properly managed. This span suggests that appropriate advocacy and education for pregnant women is necessary. It is recommended that positive contribution can be made to better health of pregnant women when pain management by physical therapist is given.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.270-279
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify sleep disorder experience in older patients living in the community and acknowledging being depressed. Methods: For this study, 11 older patients with depression were purposively chosen. Data were collected through indepth individual interviews from July 2013 to January 2014 and analyzed in terms of by Giorgi's phenomenological methodology. Results: The study results showed that sleep disorder experience in older patients with depression consisted of sixteen themes and five themes-clusters: 1) exposure of the causes of sleep disorders; 2) life is painful; 3) harassing themselves and their family; 4) difficulty in controlling themselves; 5) trying to deal with the sleep disorder to overcome the situation. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop educational guidelines for patients with sleep disorders or nursing interventions that anyone can easily provide for elders in the communities. The first priority should be given to efforts to apply diverse methods to improve sleep hygiene and minimize the period of exposure to medication before starting medication for patients with sleep disorders.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was to understand the meaning of women's experience of spontaneous delivery with midwives at midwifery clinics or home. Methods: van Kaam's Psychophenomenological method composed of a four-stage, 12-step format was used. In-depth interviews were carried out from January to July, 2011, with twelve women. Results: Through the data analysis, 403 significant statements, 172 elements, 48 subcategories, and 19 categories were extracted, and from the 19 categories, 8 themes were drawn. The eight themes were: "Conflict on whether a hospital or a midwifery clinic", "Choosing natural delivery with the assurance of her ability to delivery spontaneously and having trust in the midwives." "Being encouraged by a midwife and family members with one accord", "Experience of the spontaneous delivery process on body", "Comfortable delivery in spite of painful process", "Deeply impressed by the overwhelming joy of birth", "Satisfaction with spontaneous delivery", and "Deeper love among family members". Conclusion: Through this study, women's delivery experiences with midwives was of spontaneous delivery. Women's birth of self-confidence and trust between the midwives and the women to predict a spontaneous delivery is a powerful factor. Also, family support and midwives delicate care was identified as factors in spontaneous delivery.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.62
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• pp.171-206
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to understand the experience how children are receptive to their parents' imprisonment, adaptation from their painful experience and crisis. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, six youth participants were selected. We carried out in-depth individual interviews and the collected data from the interviews and the case study were analyzed. The commons subjects are like 'Sudden separation and shock', 'Glad to be unhappy', 'Wretched my life', 'The way of the far-away meeting', 'The one who gave me hope', 'Live my life'and so on. Based on the result of this study, policy and practical guideline were discussed and suggested to help children of the incarcerated in addition to the limitations of the study and the recommendations for further study.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.412-422
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• 2020

Objectives: This study was conducted to identify the job characteristics and health status of sales and service workers at micro-enterprises. Methods: Multivariate analyses were conducted using data on respondents to the 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey who were business owners (7,572 persons) or employees (3,317) working in sales or service positions at micro-enterprises. Results: Among those analyzed, business owners were found to experience worse health conditions than employees. Business owners also differed from workers in terms of job characteristics. More than employees, they engaged in tiring or painful postures that negatively affected subjective health condition, experience of muscle pain, and experience of depression or anxiety. While employees' health was negatively affected by dealing with angry customers, the health status of business owners was negatively affected even by dealing with ordinary customers. Conclusions: These results show that the owners of micro-enterprises were in a more vulnerable state of health rather than their employees. In order to address this, it is necessary to correct work posture and reduce the stresses that come from customers.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.74-90
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• 1998

This descriptive study sought to define the relationship between women's health status and the experience of Sanhujori, Korean traditional non-professional postpartal care after delivery and abortion. A convenience sample of 308 women in 7 provinces in Korea including Seoul were studied from December, 1994 to December, 1996 for two years. Mean age of respondents was 50.5 years and mean number of children was 3. The rate of abortion was 91.5% and mean frequency was 2.2 times per woman. 82% of respondents did not have Sanhujori after abortion. The period and subjective evaluation of experience of Sanhujori after delivery were decreased according to the increment of the number of childbirth. The health status implies both subjective health status women perceived and physical symptom distress women are experiencing presently, The respondents expressed the physical symptom distress as painful one. 56.7% of respondents perceived unhealthy, such as sick and 99.6% complained more than one symptom. The factors related to health status were the first and third experience of Sanhujori after delivery, such as the period and subjective evaluation whether she did Sanhujori well or not; whether or not of Sanhujori after abortion and menopause: the number of child: and age. at the level of 1% or 5% of significance statistically. The factors related to the rate of physical sumptom distress were only two: the first experience of Sanhujori after delivery, especially the subjective evaluation and whether women did Sanhujori after abortion or not. at the level of 1% or 5% of significance statistically. In conclusion. this finding reconfirmed the possible relationship between women's health status and the experience of Sanhujori after delivery & abortion. It provides a challenge to the professional care givers .to research further on the effects of Sanhujori on the health status. health recovery after abortion or delivery from the various aspects through the cross-sectional and longitudinal research for the refinement of the reality of Sanhujori not only as cultural phenomenon but as conceptual model for the appropriateness of intervention and qualty of care for desirable health outcomes. Besides, it is indispensable to refine and reestablish postpartal caring system by finding universal law through international & cross-cultural research on postpartal traditional care for women's life long health toward the 21C

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1534-1539
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• 2010

This study carried out dental checkup targeting 251 students in the 1st grade of S middle school and 220 students in the 1st grade of S high school in Seoul Metropolis. The results are as follows. As for the experience of dental hypersensitivity to oral symptoms in middle-and-high school students, 23.2% of high school students had experience of painful tooth when drinking or eating cold and hot beverage or food, compared to 14.3% of middle school students, and showed significant difference($\chi^2=6.08$, p<.05). As for the experience of painful teeth, 9.1% of high school students had experience of being sore, aching, and painful in the teeth, compared to 4.4% of middle school students, and showed significant difference($\chi^2=4.23$, p<.05). As a result of the oral health behavior in middle-and-high school students, 48.6% of middle school students were indicated to be higher than 26.4% of high school students in the experience of having ever gone to dentist for the past 1 year, and showed statistically significant difference($\chi^2=24.56$, p<.001). As for the period of toothbrushing during one day, 68.5% of middle school students brushed teeth after having breakfast($\chi^2=6.39$, p<.05) more than 57.3% of high school students. After having lunch, 16.8% of high school students brushed teeth more than 7.2% of middle school students, and showed statistically significant difference($\chi^2=10.58$, p<.01). As a result of judging dental checkup in middle-and-high school students, 44.1% of high school students had dental caries($\chi^2=25.36$, p<.001) more than 22.3% of middle school students. 9.6% of middle school students had tooth loss more than 4.1% of high school students, and showed statistically significant difference($\chi^2=5.39$, p<.05).

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.243-255
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was to provide understanding of the meaning of the transition experiences in pregnancy and childbirth among the married immigrant women. Methods: Data was collected through a face-to-face interview from 11 married immigrant women. Their conjugal lives were followed using the hermeneutics phenomenological method developed by van Manen: focusing on the meaning of lived experience. Results: The essential themes that were associated with the transition experiences of the participants' lives during pregnancy and childbirth were as follows: "entering a strange world filled with chaos and tension where they feel like outsiders", "being pregnant and giving birth in increasingly difficult times", "giving birth to a child, which strengthens them to persevere through painful life experiences", "receiving greater support from their families". Conclusion: It contributes a deeper understanding of the essence of the transition experiences of married immigrant women who undergo pregnancy and childbirth after immigration. On the basis of this understanding, this study would be likely to highlight the importance of establishing an appropriate health and medicare systems and the expert network of nursing care for immigrant wom.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.592-602
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was to provide understanding about the meaning of nasogastric tube feeding experiences by the cerebral stoke patients with dysphagia. Methods: Data were collected through a face to face interview from five cerebral stroke patients who had dysphagia along with a nasogastric tube insertion. The contents of the interviews were analyzed using the hermeneutics phenomenological method developed by van Manen. Results: The experience of having a nasogastric tube was not only limited to physical problems but also was linked to other psychological problems. Many patients reported that they tolerated the nasogastric tube in order to overcome the stroke along with the desire to eventually take food orally. The essential themes associated with the experience of nasogastric tube insertion were: "The loss of pleasure from food", "The loss of human relationship from surrounding table", "Cower and shrink from the different appearance to others" and "Acceptance for life in painful experiences". Conclusion: This study would highlights the importance of not only physical focused care but also psychological and social aspects. Therefore, nurses should consider all factors when providing nursing care to stroke patient with nasogastric tube feeding.