• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.131-135
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• 2008

Background: There has recently been a rapid increase in the number of pain clinics and significant advancement in the treatment of pain in Korea. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify possible problems associated with pain clinics and to use this information to help design future pain clinics. This assessment was conducted from the perspective of professional ballet dancers, who are at high risk for pain like other athletes. Methods: One-hundred professional ballet dancers responded to questionnaires designed to ascertain their preference for different types of clinics, the extent of the pain they experience, and their overall opinion of pain clinics. Results: All of the respondents complained of pain in one or more sites and reported that they had visited some type of clinic for treatment at least once. Overall, the respondents preferred using the following methods to treat pain: orthopedic surgery (76 dancers), oriental medicine (49 dancers), and therapy at pain clinic (48 dancers). Fifty-three percent of the 48 dancers who had received treatment at pain clinics were satisfied with their treatment. Forty-four percent of the 52 dancers who had not been treated at a pain clinic had no knowledge of the existence of such facilities. Conclusions: This survey revealed that, although professional ballet dancers have a high prevalence of pain, many have no knowledge of pain clinics. Therefore, efforts should be made by pain clinics to make information regarding their facilities widely available to professional ballet dancers so they can serve the widest range of clientele.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.273-282
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• 1998

Background: Twelve years have passed since the Korean Pain Society was organized. Nowadays, there are so many problems to be solved in pain clinics including health insurance, pain education and public information etc. in Korea. The present study was designed to evaluate the current status of pain clinics in Korea. Methods: Eight hundred twenty regular members of Korean Pain Society were surveyed by questionnaire in October 1997. We compared the general characteristics, contents of diseases in pain clinic, treatment Methods, patients satisfaction, pain educations, problems in pain treatments, requests to Korean Pain Society among the 138 respondents. Results: Thirty seven percents of the respondents worked at university hospitals, 39% at non-university hospitals and 24% at private pain clinics. The most common diseases treated in pain clinics was low back pain(32% in university and non-university hospital and 28% in private pain clinic respectively). However, cancer pain was 10% in university and non-university hospital and 0.7% in private pain clinic. Epidural block was the most frequently used procedure in chronic pain treatments. And 74.6% of the respondents were studied and learned in Korea and Japan. And then, current problems in pain management and requests to Korean Pain Society were medical insurance problems, pain education and public information of pain clinics. Conclusions: These results suggest that the Korean Pain Society should make an effort to solve these current problems in order to activate pain medicine and increase the quality of life for those suffering from pain.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.146-150
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• 2005

Background: Recently, the number of patients visiting pain clinics has been increasing with the augmented concerns of those patients about the management of their pain. We conducted this study in order to elucidate the characteristics of patients visiting pain clinics and to determine a method to further raise their awareness about pain treatment. Methods: We reviewed 1,424 new patients who visited our pain clinic from March 2003 to December 2004. We analyzed these patients according to their age and sex, treatment method before visiting the pain clinic, coexisting disease, chief complaint and pain location, resident district, route of visiting pain clinic, and degree of impairment due to pain by use of questionnaire. Results: In age distribution, the largest proportion (23.5%) was in their 50's. Most patients (64.0%) had received treatment in an oriental medicine clinic before visiting the pain clinic. The most common coexisting disease was hypertension (20.3%) and low back pain was the most common chief complaint (68.3%). Most of the patients lived in Gyeonggido (87%) and most visited our pain clinic on the recommendation of other patients who had visited our pain clinic before. Conclusions: We need to guide pain patients to undergo proper treatment much earlier using patient education or a referral system. Moreover, we should be more careful in patients with diabetes mellitus, and should have greater concern in the treatment of low back pain.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.187-195
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• 2019

Background: Steroid injections are commonly used in pain clinics to relieve pain and treat inflammation. In Korea, these steroid injections are well known as 'ppyeojusa', which means to inject into the bone in Korean. Some patients often have a negative perception of this treatment method due to inaccurate information about the treatment and side effects of steroids. The purpose of this study is to investigate patients' perception and knowledge of ppyeojusa. Methods: A questionnaire about ppyeojusa was completed by patients who visited one of the pain clinics in nine university hospitals, from August 1 to September 10, 2017. Results: Three-hundred seventy-four patients completed the survey. Eighty-five percent of patients had had ppyeojusa, and 74% of the respondents had heard of ppyeojusa from the mass media, friends or relatives. Only 39% of the patients answered that this injection was safe without side effects if properly spaced. Of the patients surveyed, 21% responded that ppyeojusa are "injections into the bone"; while 15% responded that ppyeojusa are "terrible injections that melted 'the bone if used a lot'". Half of the patients did not know what the active constituent is in ppyeojusa. If steroid injections are advised by the pain specialists, 89% of the patients would consent. Conclusions: Most pain clinic patients have heard of ppyeojusa. Most patients obtained information about ppyeojusa from mass media, rather than their physicians. Therefore, it is likely that most patients have inaccurate knowledge.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.171-176
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• 1992

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.253-256
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• 1999

The influence of essential oils from aboriginal softwoods as Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis, Chamaecyparis obtusa and Chamaecyparis pisifera on the motor coordination, pulse, mean blood artery pressure and pain reducing test was investigated in mice and rats. The motor coordination of mouse was not induced by the inhalation of each oil. Furthermore, these oils did not alter the changes of the mean blood pressure and pulse rate. Chamaecyparis pisifera trand to reduce the mean blood pressure. The abdominal pain induced by acetic acid was reduced only by an essential oil from Pinus koraiensis in mouse.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.69-73
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• 2009

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.335-352
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• 2006

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.347-352
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• 2017

Pain, an adaptive but unpleasant sensation, is the most common symptom of numerous diseases in humans and animals. Although animal patients express this symptom frequently, a lack of communication abilities hinders its recognition by veterinary physicians, thereby leading to unsatisfactory management of the symptom. On the other hand, pain itself has its own neurological mechanisms, regardless of the disease that causes it. Thus, a physician may need to know the mechanisms underlying pain development in order to properly manage the symptom in a particular disease. In this review, we attempt to provide a brief introduction to the anatomical, physiological, and neurological basis of pain transmission and sensation. Although most knowledge about these mechanisms comes from studies in humans and laboratory animals, it is generally applicable to pet, farm, or zoo animals. In addition, we summarize pain behavior in several pet, farm, and laboratory animals for its proper identification. This information will help to identify and manage pain, and thus improve welfare, in animals.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.393-399
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• 1994

This study was carried out to investigate the analgesic and antipyretic effects of acupuncture in goat suffered from pain and fever induced experimentally : electroacupuncture and laser acupuncture for the relief of pain and traditional needing for the of fever. Pain was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 0.7% acetic acid solution and it's extent was estimated with the number of writhing syndrom as indicator of pain. When lipopolysaccharide was given into the vein in goat, fever with biphasic type was produced. In the goats with pain the superior analgesic effects of electroacupuncture to aminopyrine and sulpyrine were found, but the effects of laser acupuncture were not satisfactory. The high body temperature of goats was gradually decreased with the lapse of time following traditional needling(venesection by needle) and showed a tendency to return to normal body temperature. Serum GOT, GPT:, BUN, creatinine values and acetylcholinesterase activity following electroacupuncture were not altered. It is considered that electroacupuncture combined with medicament can sucure exellent analgesic and antipyretic effects in animal practice.