• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.91-93
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• 2021

This paper proposes an architecture to develop a mobile package tour application using geofence technology to increase tourism management effectiveness and efficiency. The proposed application allows the tour guide to set a virtual fence on a map with a certain radius dynamically as the virtual boundary to keep tourists inside both when visiting a place or when the tour is moving. The virtual fences are set up for allowing the tour guide to monitoring the tourist's movement by sending a warning to the tourist to get back inside the fence and a notification for the tour guide. If this geofence technology is applied to the package tour application, the tour guide will able to manage the package tour easily and conveniently.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.85-93
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• 2022

This paper contains the design and implementation results of a package tour management application using a Geofence technology as well as the performance evaluation. This application ables the tour guide to monitor the tourist movement in real-time whether the tourists are inside the virtual polygonal Geofence set by the tour guide. Even when the tour is moving between travel destinations, a virtual circular Geofence can be set by the tour guide to monitoring the tourist movement while on the move. The application includes tour guide's and tourist's locations, schedule and participant management. To evaluate the performance, average response time and accuracy is measured, resulting in satisfactory performance. The average response time ranged from 0.0047 seconds to 7.3 seconds in various cases and for accuracy, it scored 100% in various cases. It is expected that implementing Geofence technology to package tour management applications will help tour guides to perform more productive package tours by reducing the burden of managing tourists.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.473-484
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• 2024

We introduce a machine learning-based web application to help travel agents plan a package tour schedule. K-nearest neighbor (KNN) classification predicts the optimal tourists' dwelling time based on a variety of information to automatically generate a convenient tour schedule. A database collected in collaboration with an established travel agency is fed into the KNN algorithm implemented in the Python language, and the predicted dwelling times are sent to the web application via a RESTful application programming interface provided by the Flask framework. The web application displays a page in which the agents can configure the initial data and predict the optimal dwelling time and automatically update the tour schedule. After conducting a performance evaluation by simulating a scenario on a computer running the Windows operating system, the average response time was 1.762 s, and the prediction consistency was 100% over 100 iterations.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.872-880
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• 2022

This paper present a design and implementation of a Contents Management System (CMS) to be integrated into a game that uses a Digital Game-based Learning (DGBL) approach for helping tourists learn about tourism spots as a part of the Package Tour Application. In terms of design, this paper shows a system architecture that consists of a database to store the game's content such as tourism spot information, score and question configuration, score history, et cetera, a web application to manage the content and a Rest API to delivers the content to the mobile game. Meanwhile, in terms of implementation, MySQL database and PHP programming language are used. Moreover, a time response performance evaluation is conducted which resulted in between 0.77 s to 1.4 s from CMS to the database. Once successfully integrated with the game, the CMS will allow the game to be played on multiple tours simultaneously, without having to rebuild the game for every package tour group.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.1004-1012
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• 2022

This paper contains the implementation of a game as a feature of a package tour management application with the Digital Game-based Learning approach that helps tourists learn about tourism spots. The game is written in Java language for an Android smartphone that is designed to be integrated with Content Management System (CMS) to manage the game's contents and assets. The game contains one tourism spots introductory level and five quiz game levels with each having a reward (points) and punishment (time penalty) system, then summed the results to obtain the total score from all levels. The total score will determine a tourist's performance and be listed on an online leaderboard to increase competitiveness among tourists. The conducted performance evaluation of the game shows satisfactory results of 0.9 seconds of response time from the database to the game. Implementing the game presented in this paper will potentially reduce the burden of the tour guide and increase the efficiency of managing the tour group.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.93-106
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• 2008

This study is focused on the problem of seat allocation for group travel demand in airlines. We first explain the characteristic of group demand and its seat allocation process. The group demand in air travel markets can be classified into two types : incentive and package groups. Allocating seats for group demand depends on the types of group demand and the relationship between airlines and travel agents. In this paper we concentrate on the package group demand and develop an optimization model for seat allocation on the demand to maximize the total revenue. With some assumptions on the demand distribution and the linear approximation technique, we develop a mixed IP model for solving our problem optimally. From the computational experiments, we can find our optimization model can be applied well for real-world application.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.5 s.58
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• pp.306-313
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• 2006

Digital simulation which was introduced to the architectural field due to the rapid growth of computer graphics, gave birth to a new type of contents called 'virtual reality', led by the interaction with the users and real time processing. The public attention is drawn to the virtual reality's potential as a next generational space simulation it, having the unique characteristics of 'simulation', 'interactivity', 'tole-presence', and 'immersion', is capable of taking a virtual tour of a space with a size equivalent to that of a real space, as well as proceeding with the design progress. Nonetheless, many problems impeding CPU's real time processing of an excessively loaded architectural model data have been pinpointed over the time. Yet such GPU based game engines as 'DirectX' and 'OpenGL', developed to deal with these impediments, have not been easily applied to the architectural simulation in the design process, due to the high license cost and the specific technical requirements for the system. The virtual reality has been developed and distributed centering around the gaming field, and game developers recently show a greater tendency to include level editors in the package for the expandability purpose. Thus, we plan to propose architecture simulation which utilizes level editors in this study. In addition, the compatibility of the game engine based level editors of Quake and Unreal which form the standards for the open source FPS games, based on VRML, the standard format for the virtual reality, was compared and analyzed. Taking the example of Villa Savoye of Le Corbusier, its application possibility as an architecture simulation was assessed, by measuring the extent to which the performance of such characteristic features of the virtual reality as interactivity, immersion, and tele-presence, was improved.