• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.96-100
• /
• 2010

This paper proposes novel genetic design of optimal classifier ensemble for vehicle detection using Genetic Algorithm with Varying Population Size (GAVaPS). Recently, many classifiers are used in classifier ensemble to deal with tremendous amounts of data. However the problem has a exponential large search space due to the increasing the number of classifier pool. To solve this problem, we employ the GAVaPS which outperforms comparison with simple genetic algorithm (SGA). Experiments are performed to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2007.07a
• /
• pp.337-338
• /
• 2007

The present paper proposes the method which improves a record and remaking efficiency of the optical pickup as applying the mirror where Phase Shift(PS) principle is applied to optical pickup. Plan to get a circularly polarized light quality above quality which is embodied through Existing Quater Wave Plate(QWP) and a function of total reflection mirror as applying PS mirror which integrates QWP with the function of the total reflection to optical pickup. In the present paper, embody circularly polarized light quality through applying PS mirror to optical pickup, and it through, plan to propose to come true the optimization of recording and remaking CD/DVD disc.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.41 no.4
• /
• pp.280-286
• /
• 2021

The objective of this study was to prove the effect of pig slurry application with charcoal on nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), feed value and ammonia (NH₃) emission from maize forage. The four treatments were applied: 1) non-pig slurry (only water as a control), 2) only pig slurry application (PS), 3) pig slurry application with large particle charcoal (LC), 4) pig slurry application with small particle charcoal (SC). The pig slurry was applied at a rate of 150 kg N ha^-1, and the charcoal was applied at a rate of 300 kg ha-1 regardless of the size. To determine the feed value of maize, crude protein, dry matter intake, digestible dry matter, total digestible nutrient, and relative feed value were investigated. All feed value was increased by charcoal treatment compared to water and PS treatment. Also, the NUE for plant N was significantly higher in charcoal treatments (LC and SC) compared to PS treatment. On the other hand, there is no significant difference for feed value and NUE between LC and SC. The NH₃ emission was significantly reduced 15.2% and 27.9% by LC and SC, respectively, compared to PS. Especially, SC significantly decreased NH₃ emission by 15% compared to LC. The present study clearly showed that charcoal application exhibited positive potential in nitrogen use efficiency, feed value and reducing N losses through NH₃ emission.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.871-875
• /
• 2008

This paper deals with the feature selection for multiple k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) classifiers using Genetic Algorithm with Varying reputation Size (GAVaPS). Because we use multiple k-NN classifiers, the feature selection problem for them is vary hard and has large search region. To solve this problem, we employ the GAVaPS which outperforms comparison with simple genetic algorithm (SGA). Further, we propose the efficient combining method for multiple k-NN classifiers using GAVaPS. Experiments are performed to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.9 no.5
• /
• pp.754-757
• /
• 1998

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of replacing silicate by Versenate PS peroxide stabilizer in a peroxide bleaching system of deinked pulp process. To evaluate the possibility of replacement, optimization of pretreatment and caustic in bleaching for stock treated with silicate and Versenate PS were performed. After these performance, residual peroxide content and brightness were measured. Results obtained form this study were summarized as follows : 1. Caustic concentration in bleaching system treated with silicate was optimized at 2.5~3.0%. 2. Caustic concentration in bleaching system treated with Versenate PS was optimized at 1.0~1.5%. 3. Versenate PS alone did not provide satisfying bleaching effect. 4. Bleaching system treated with Versenate PS had potential to reduce silicate. 5. DTPA pretreatment provided higher bleaching efficiency.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.343-348
• /
• 1994

Ti plasmid of A. tumefaciens was labeled with $^3H-thymidine$, purified and encapsulated into phosphatidylserine (PS) and PS-cholesterol (Chol; 1 : 1 molar ratio) liposomes by lyophilization-rehydration method. PS was supplemented with 1 mole percent octadecyl rhodamine B for fluorometric measurement of PS. Liposomes entrapping $^3H-Ti plasmid$ were fused with Nicotiana sanderae protoplasts by treating with 5 mM $CaCl_2$ and 10% PEG. The fusion was evidenced by fluorescence microscopic technique. The amounts of Ti plasmid and PS associated with protoplasts were assayed by the radioactivity of $^3H-Ti plasmid$ and by the fluorescence of rhodamine B. About 7.9% of the PS liposome and 7.2% of PS-Chol liposome were fused with protoplasts. During the fusion process, about 30% of the liposomal contents of PS-Chol liposome was leaked, in contrast to about 60% leakage of its contents in PS liposome. Accounting the number of liposomes fused with protoplasts together with the encapsulation efficiency and the leakage of liposomal contents, it was calculated that ca. 1,700 Ti plasmid was transfered into one protoplast by the present method. This result may indicates that the present method transfers enough Ti plasmid into plant protoplast to elicit genetic transformation of plants.

• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.922-933
• /
• 2019

The arm inductance (AI) of a modular multilevel converter (MMC) affects both the fault and circulating current magnitudes. In addition, it has an impact on the inverter efficiency and harmonic content. In this study, the AI of a three-phase MMC is optimized in a novel way in terms of DC voltage utilization, harmonics and efficiency. This MMC has 10 submodules (SM) per arm and the power circuit topology of the SM is a half-bridge. The optimum AI is adopted and verified in an MMC that has 100 SMs per arm. Then the phase shift (PS) and phase disposition (PD) pulse width modulation (PWM) methods are investigated for better DC voltage utilization, efficiency and harmonics. It is found that similar performances are obtained for both modulation techniques in terms of DC voltage utilization. However, the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the PS-PWM is found to be 0.02%, which is slightly lower than the THD of the PD-PWM at 0.16%. In efficiency calculations, the switching and conduction losses for all of the semiconductor are considered separately and the minimum efficiency of the 100-SM based MMC is found to be 99.62% for the PS-PWM and 99.64% for the PD-PWM with the optimal value of the AI. Simulation results are verified with an experimental prototype of a 6-SM based MMC.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
• /
• v.42 no.6 s.336
• /
• pp.23-30
• /
• 2005

In this paper, OPPS(oxidized porous poly-silicon) field emitters were fabricated by using various emitter-electrode metal and these electron emission characteristics were investigated for different thermal annealing effects. The addressed OPPS field emitter with Pt/Ti emitter electrode annealed at $300^{\circ}C$-1hr showed the efficiency of $2.98\%$ at $V_{ps}$=12 V and one annealed at $350^{\circ}C$-1hr showed the highest efficiency of $3.37\%$at $V_{ps}$=16V. They are resulted from the improvement of interfacial contact characteristics of thin emitter metal to an oxidized porous poly-silicon and the decrease of electrical resistance of emitter metal. The brightness of the OPPS field emitter increases linearly in $V_{ps}$ and after oxidation process for $900^{\circ}C$-50min, the brightness of the OPPS field emitter with the as-deposited Pt/Ti emitter electrode was 3600 cd/$m^2$ at the $V_{ps}$=15 V, 6260 cd/$m^2$ at the $V_{ps}$=20 V. Thermal treatment improved the adhesion between the Ti buffer layer and the oxidized porous poly-silicon and also played an important role in the uniform distribution of electric field to the emitter electrode.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.80-90
• /
• 2009

Nowadays, there are many companies which employ the SQI measurement to assess service quality. The purpose of this study is to measure the service efficiency for Bank Industry. In this paper, we tried to measure the efficiency of service quality and overall customer satisfaction by using Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA). Rather than using the usual method of converting the Service Quality Index(SQI) into mean value, we applied CCR/BCC models in DEA to service quality efficiency. Also, DEA/PS Model is recommended as appropriate model for evaluating service efficiency by complementing the shortfalls of the weighted value of DEA Model. In this study, six dimensions of service quality were considered as input variables and output variables(overall customer satisfaction, reusing intention, and word of mouth). The result of this study statistically verifies that 5 DMUs are relatively efficient, and intensive activities for service efficiency are needed for 20 sample branches. Managerial implications based on the analysis were suggested.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.264-277
• /
• 2015

This article investigates various transcription techniques for the Legendre pseudospectral (PS) method to compare the pros and cons of each approach. Eight combinations from four different types of collocation points and two discretization methods for dynamic constraints, which differentiate Legendre PS transcription techniques, are implemented to solve a carefully selected test set of nonlinear optimal control problems (NOCPs). The convergence property and prediction accuracy are compared to provide a useful guideline for selecting the best combination. The tested NOCPs consist of the minimum time, minimum energy, and problems with state and control constraints. Therefore, the results drawn from this comparative study apply to the solution of similar types of NOCPs and can mitigate much debate about the best combinations. Additionally, important findings from this study can be used to improve the numerical efficiency of the Legendre PS methods. Three PS applications to the aerospace engineering problems are demonstrated to prove this point.