• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.143-151
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• 2010

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare day 3 embryo transfer (D3ET) with day 5 ET (D5ET) in fresh in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle on pregnancy outcomes. Methods: We conducted a retrospective matched case control study that included 90 women with D3ET and 90 women with D5ET from January 2007 to June 2009. Subjects were matched for reproductive profiles and IVF cycle characteristics. Two good quality embryos were transferred in both groups. Pregnancy rates (PR), implantation rate, and multiple PR were compared. Results: Demographics, stimulation parameters and embryological data were comparable in both groups. Main pregnancy outcomes with D3ET and D5ET groups were not statistically different: implantation rate (39.4% vs. 32.8%), positive PR (57.8% vs. 46.7%), clinical PR (53.3% vs. 45.6%), ongoing PR (50.0% vs. 42.2%), respectively. Both groups showed high multiple PR (37.5% vs. 34.1). Conclusion: D5ET may not be beneficial and necessary in comparison with D3ET on pregnancy outcomes, and elective single ET should be considered to decrease multiple pregnancies in women with favorable conditions and good quality embryos undergoing IVF.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

This paper describes the performance comparison results for current controller of a single-phase PFC converter with 1-switch voltage doubler strategy for single-phase double-conversion UPS(Uninterruptible Power Supply). A single-phase PFC converter with 1-switch voltage doubler strategy needs a diode bridge and one bidirectional active switch. Thus it is possible to reduce the material cost. However, the study results of current controller design and comparison of current control method has not been known after the converter circuit was proposed. For the performance comparison of current control, single-phase 3 kVA double-conversion UPS was tested. The performance of PI and PR current controller is experimentally confirmed with followings - input current reference tracking, input power factor correction and input current THD suppression.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.688-698
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• 2012

This paper deals with ROLSO (Reduced Order Luenberger State Observer) design to prevent jackknifing phenomenon of articulated vehicles consisting of the tractor and semi-trailer by using GPS. In addition, by applying the regulator system using ROLSO feedback system, simulation's result presents that articulated vehicle's states are stabilized than the human's PR time (Preception Response time) rapidly. This simulation verifies that the automatic control of articulated vehicle's can be applied for the accident prevention for the time that the driver is unable to manage with the sudden accident. For this simulation, by using the equation of planar motion, the modeling of the articulated vehicle was performed. This modeling was expressed in the state space model. And FOLSO (Full Order Luenberger State Observer), ROLSO were designed by using the state space model of an articulated vehicle's dynamics.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.229-234
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• 1997

Shizandra chinensis(SC) and Pinus regida(PR) showed antimicrobial activity against 3 strains(B-5, D-1, A-1) of lactic acid bacteria(LAB) isolated from kimchi among eight kinds of plant extracts such as Shizandra chinensis, Phellodendron amurense, ornus officinalis, Pinus regida, Allium tuberosum, Machilus thunbergii, Cyperus rotundus and Schizonepeta tenuifloia. The growth of LAB was inhibited apparently in modified MRS broth containing 1% Schizandra chinensis at $35^{\circ}C$. Pinus regida showed weaker inhibitory effect on the growth of isolated LAB than Shizandra chinensis. pH of SC added kimchi did not change greatly compare with control during 25 days of fermentation. Degree of titratable acidity change and ratio of reducing sugar utilization in control were more higher than in SC added kimchi during fermentation. Growth of total bacteria and lactic acid bacteria was inhibited about 1 to 2 $log_10$ cycle by addition of SC extracts during kimchi fermentation for 10 days at $10^{\circ}C$. Fermentation of kimchi was delaved about 5 to 7 days by addition of 1 or 2% of SC. extract, but sensory quality (falvor, taste and overall acceptability) of SC added kimchi was lower than that of control (p>0.05).

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1500-1511
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• 2017

The purpose of this paper is to study a high-performance control scheme for neutral-point-clamping three-level (NPC-3L) inverter fed dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives by considering some asymmetric factors such as the non-identical parameters in phase windings. To implement this, the system model is analyzed for dual three-phase PMSM drives with asymmetric factors based on the vector space decomposition (VSD) principle. Based on the equivalent circuits, PI controllers with feedforward compensation are used in the d-q subspace for regulating torque, where the cut-off frequency of the PI controllers are set at the twice the fundamental frequency for compensating both the additional DC component and the second order component caused by asymmetry. Meanwhile, proportional resonant (PR) controllers are proposed in the x-y subspace for suppressing the possible unbalanced currents in the phase windings. A dual three-phase space vector modulation (DT-SVM) is designed for the drive, and the balancing factor is designed based on the numerical fitting surface for balancing the DC link capacitor voltages. Experimental results are given to demonstrate the validity of the theoretical analysis and the proposed control scheme.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2019.07a
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• pp.207-209
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• 2019

This paper proposes a grid-tied photovoltaic (PV) system, consisting of Voltage-fed dual-active-bridge (DAB) dc-dc converter with single phase inverter. The proposed converter allows a small dc-link capacitor, so that system reliability can be improved by replacing electrolytic capacitors with film capacitors. The double line frequency free maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is also realized in the proposed converter by using Ripple Correlation method. First of all, to eliminate the double line frequency ripple which influence the reduction of DC source capacitance, control is developed. Then, a designing of Current control in DQ frame is analyzed and to fulfill the international harmonics standards such as IEEE 519 and P1547, $3^{rd}$ harmonic in the grid is directly compensated by the feedforward terms generated by the PR controller with the grid current in stationary frame to achieve desire Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). 5-kW PV converter and inverter module with a small dc-link film capacitor was built in the laboratory with the proposed control and MPPT algorithm. Experimental results are given to validate the converter performance.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.213-217
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• 1992

Locally advanced cervical carcinoma has shown high rate of local failure and poor survival rate despite the advances in modern radiation therapy techniques. Combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy demonstrated benefit in improving local control and possibly the overall survival. Twelve patients with advanced stages (Figo stage III, IV) or 11b with bulky tumors (>5 cm in diameter) were treated with combination of radiation therapy and concurrent weekly cisplatin between May of 1988 and September of 1991 at Inje University Paik Hospital. Cisplatin was administered in bolus injections of 50 mg at weekly intervals during the courses of radiation therapy. Median follow-up period was 34 months with ranges from 3 to 53 months. Eleven patients were evaluable for the estimation of response. Response was noted in all the 11 patients: complete response (CR) in 7 ($64\%$), partial response (PR) in 4 ($36\%$). Of the 7 patients with CR, all maintained local control, whereas only 1 of 4 with PR showed local control. Six of 7 with CR are alive disease free on the completion of follow-up. Eight of 11 patients ($73\%$) maintained local control in the pelvis. The median survival for CR patient is 27 months and 9 months for the PR patients. Analysis of survival by stage shows 11 b 4/5, III 2/3 and IV 1/3. Overall survival rate was $61\%$. Three patients recurred: 1 at local, 1 in distant site and 1 with local and distant site. Toxicity for the combination therapy was not excessive. These results are preliminary, but definitely encouraging in view of markedly improved response rate compared with the results of historical control group.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.379-385
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• 2013

Although sorghum residue production was estimated to be $8{\sim}10Mg\;ha^{-1}$, most sorghum straw was used to be burnt or removed after harvest. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of the incorporation of manured sorghum residues on soil physical properties from 2010 to 2012 in the converted paddy field. Five treatment with 3 replication consisted of control, inorganic fertilizer (NPK), manured residues, sorghum stover and sawdust manure. The incorporation level of organic source was $10Mg\;ha^{-1}$ without inorganic fertilizer NPK. The investigated physical parameters were bulk density (BD), porosity, water stability aggregate (WSA), water infiltration rater (WIR), penetration resistance (PR) and soil water retention characteristics (WRC) with soil depth. The incorporation of manured sorghum residues improved WIR significantly over inorganic fertilizer (NPK), sorghum residues and sawdust manure. The BD by incorporating with manured residues on sorghum was reduced significantly with crop residue over plot of NPK and sawdust. Significant increase in WSA was observed with stubble incorporation alone or manured sorghum residues. Soil WRC were significantly enhanced with manured sorghum residue incorporated without NPK. The average PR at 0~15 cm was 0.54 MPa for manured sorghum residues. For sawdust manure plot it was 0.42 MPa, for Sawdust manure plot 0.39 MPa and for NPK plot 0.54 MPa.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.848-855
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• 2020

Objective: Shearing is one of the practices that is applied periodically to fiber producing animals, which can also alter resistance of animals to high temperatures in especially summer months. This study aimed to investigate effects of shearing on some physiological and hormonal parameters in Akkaraman sheep during summer season. Methods: This study was carried out on 39 non-pregnant Akkaraman ewes (aged 1.5 years at the beginning of experiment). The 39 ewes were chosen randomly from the flock belonging to the Erciyes University and they were assigned to two groups as follows: i) group A (n = 20) designed as the control group, they were shorn and group B (n = 19) designed as the experimental group, they were unshorn. Prior to the shearing (-1 day) and on days 1, 7, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 following the shearing, blood samples were taken from the vena jugularis of each sheep. Cortisol, β-endorphin, growth hormone (GH), thyroxine (T₄), triiodothyronine (T₃), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70) concentrations were determined using the enzyme immunoassay method. Body weight (BW), rectal temperature (RT), pulse rate (PR), and respiratory rate (RR) of each sheep were recorded at the same time. The data obtained were analyzed using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: Statistical analysis showed a significant effect of shearing×period interaction (p<0.01) and a significant effect of period (p<0.01) on BW, HSP-70, cortisol, T₄ and RT, PR, GH, β-endorphin, T₃, respectively. Also these analysis showed no significant effect of shearing×period interaction or period on RR. Conclusion: The results showed that the thermoregulation abilities of sheep were affected by shearing treatment and the shorn ewes were less affected by heat stress. In conclusion, based on the data of this study, shearing can be considered as a necessary management practice that requires protection for sheep from the effect of heat stress.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2010

The effect of Acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) and Rahnella aquatilis Ra39 against apple fire blight disease caused by Erwinia amylovora were tested as a possible alternative to streptomycin. In vitro studies, no inhibition effect against the pathogen was found when ASM was tested. Under greenhouse conditions, application of R. aquatilis Ra39 with the highly susceptible M26 rootstock resulted in a marked disease suppression. Application of ASM and strain Ra39 caused a high decrease of the disease, 82% and 58% respectively; this was correlated with a reduction of the growth of the pathogen within host plants up to 64% and 49.5% respectively. Further studies in the field under artificial infection condition during full bloom revealed that application of ASM and R. aquatilis Ra39 with Gala variety resulted in a control effect up to 21 and 29% respectively. In physiological studies, enhanced activities of PR-proteins (chitinase and $\beta$-1, 3-glucanase) were detected, which are well known as biochemical markers for systemic acquired resistance. Application of ASM to apple shoots caused the highest chitinase activity followed by strain Ra39. The enzyme activity was increased after 2, 4 and 6 days from application. In addition, ASM-treatment caused the higher $\beta$-1, 3-glucanase activity than strain Ra39. Maximum enzyme activity was recorded after 6 days from application and then decreased after 8 and 10 days from application.