• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.381-390
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between job-stress and temporomandibular joint(TMJ) disorder in dental hygienists. This study will provide the basic data to improve the working condition and the quality of life. Methods : The subjects were 229 dental hygienists at general hospitals in Seoul, Korea. A self-reported questionnaire was filled out from May 20 to June 20, 2013. The questionnaire consisted of 4 questions of demographic features, 11 questions for TMJ symptoms and 5 questions for job stress. The data were analyzed by frequency analysis, chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test and multiple job-stress logistic regression analysis using SPSS version 21.0. Results : During the last six months, 53.3%(122 persons) of the dental hygienists had TMJ disorder symptoms including joint noise(40.6%, 93 persons), TMJ pain(31.4%, 71 persons) and limitation of TMJ(21.8%, 50 persons). Job-stress is divided into two ranges including high stress group(4.3-5.0 points) and low stress group(0.0-3.6 points) in TMJ pain and joint noise(p<0.05). TMJ pain was closely related to low back pain, pelvis pain and tension headache arising from the uncomfortable working posture. Conclusions : It is necessary to prevent the job stress in the dental hygienists by the improvement of working condition, emotional stability, and frequent postural change.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.45-61
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• 2005

Stance is defined as any state in which the total mass of the body is supported by the feet. In order to maintain stance, the sum of gravito-inertial forces acting on the body must be registered by equal and opposite forces at the region of contact between the organism and the support surface. Balance is controlled by applying forces to the surface of support so as to maintain the body's center of mass vertically above the feet. for a muIti-segment organism, there can be a variety of ways in which balance can be controlled, since movements of different body segments can have similar effects on the control of balance. In general, the organism tends to have a body configuration that is aligned with gravito-inertial force when there are no external forces acting on it. If any segments of the body are not aligned with gravito-inertial force vector, a torque on that segment would tend to move the body's center of mass. The maintenance of postural stability is accomplished in humans by a complex neural control system. This requires organizing integrating and acting upon visual, vestibular, and somatosensory input, providing orientation information to the postural control system. The information necessary to control and coordinate movement is provided by the visual sense of eye position with respect to the surrounding surface layout, the vestibular sense of head orientation in the gravito-inertial space, and the somatic sense of body segment position relative to one another and to the support surface. In this study, perception and action capability was examined from various points of view. The underlying assumption of the study was that the change of postural configuration could be effected by organism, environment and task goal.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.269-279
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• 2011

This study was analyzed the characteristics on the stability of posture while conducting a through two and half rotation technic of pench$\acute{e}$ in rhythmic gymnastics. Two rhythmical gymnastics player(LKH and SSJ) who is a member of the national team were selected, and for obtain the kinematic and kinetic variables were used a ProReflex MCU 240 infrared camera(Qualisys, Sweden) and a Type9286A force platform(Kistler, Switzerland). The mechanical factors were computed by using Visual3D program and Matlab R2009a. During the landing and rotation phase the results showed following characteristics; 1) In medial-lateral and horizontal displacement of the support foot, LKH showed smaller movement than SSJ, but SSJ showed smaller movement than LKH in swing foot. LKH showed bigger movement in medial-lateral axis of COP and vertical axis of COG, but SSJ showed bigger movement in horizontal axis of COP and medial-lateral axis of COG. 2) SSJ showed bigger maximum horizontal and vertical velocity at P1 and P2 than LKH. 3) In the inclination angle of COP and COG, SSJ showed smaller change than LKH, but within medial-lateral tilt of the shoulder, LKH performed rotation motion in horizontal position than SSJ. There was no differences in each force components during rotation, but on landing phase, the results showed a characteristic that SSJ exerted bigger breaking force and vertical force than LKH.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.139-146
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• 2017

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to systematically analyze the reliability and validity of the Korean-version of the balance assessment tools. METHODS: Two reviewers of this study independently evaluated the titles of articles and abstracts of studies published until December 2016 through electronic databases (RISS, NDSL, KISS, DBpia) using the keywords "Balance or posture or postural control or postural stability", "Test or assessment or measurement or outcome measure or assessment tool or measurement tool", "Korean version", "Reliability" and "Validity". Regarding the questions considered suitable for the purpose of this study, consensus was reached after reading the full text. Selecting journals suitable for the purpose of the study, they were analyzed as data. RESULTS: The reviewers selected nine papers suitable for the purpose of this study, and Korean-version of the balance assessment tools, included the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale, Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke (PASS), Motor Assessment Scale (MAS), Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS), Falls Efficacy Scale (FES), Tinetti-Balance scale, Fullerton Advanced Balance (FAB) scale, and Function In Sitting Test (FIST). Our study showed that the reliability and validity of the Korean-version of the balance assessment tools were high. CONCLUSION: The Korean-version of the balance assessment tools with high reliability and validity would enable physical therapists to make a more accurate evaluation of balance.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.11-17
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• 2009

Background: The purpose of this study was designed to find out the effectiveness of reposition sense, muscle fatigue response on lumbar spine after apply lumbosacral stabilization exercise program to 4 patients with chronic low back pain and for 12 weeks. Method: In this study the reposition sense was measured in 3 angle(60, 30, 12) of the lumbar spine motion with blind by MedX test machine and the difference of instability to lumbar vertebra segments in flexion, extension test of standing position and spinal load test Mattress Test by Spinal Mouse. The stabilization exercise program was applied 2 times a week for 12 weeks in hospital and 2 times a day for 20 minutes at home. Result: The results of the present study were that the repositioning sense was appeared the most error in 12 angles of lumbar flexion and Men was appeared to decrease an error more than female in average value of 4 angles after 12 weeks. And average error of male was decrease more than female. Thus the effects of lumbosacral stabilization exercise was improved repositioning sense of prorioceptor. Fatigue response test(FRT) results, in male, was raised muscle fatigue rate during increase weight, on the other hand female appeared lower than male. Conclusion: As a results, lumbosacral stabilization exercise was aided to improvement of lumbar spine repositioning sense and vertebra segments stabilization. It was showed the rate of decrease in typically 12 degree angle point of each 3 angle(60, 36, 12). Especially, that spine instability patients will have a risk when in lifting a load or working with slight flexion posture around 12 degree during the daily of living life and it is probably to increase recurrence rate. Thus, not only lumbar extension muscle strength but also stability of vertebra segments in lumbar spine may be very important.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.57-71
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• 2002

Cervical pain is a rapid increase that is owing to a flexion-extension whiplash injury, unappropriated posture, chronical repetition injury from abdominal position of head and neck, excessive repeating work, chronical deficiency of excercise. Because of that is bring about muscle unbalance, tightness of cervical extensor muscle, weakness of cervical deep flexor muscles, instability of cervical region and reduction of proprioceptive sensor. Recent the role of muscle is more emphasized for preservation of sine stabilization. And cognition of integrated muscular system, importance for the operation and relation is increased to maintain stability of the motor system and pertinent function. Therefore we are going to introduce the sling exercise and stabilization exercise method for advanced efficient of cervical and upper limb and for the muscle strengthening to importance cervical stabilization through neurological program as control the reaction of cervical stabilization. Sling exercise therapy(SET) concept consists of a system of diagnosis and treatment. The system of diagnosis involves testing the muscle's tolerance through progressive loading in open and close kinetic chains. The SET system contains elements such as relaxation, increasing the range of movement, traction, training the stabilizing musculature, sensory-motor exercises, training in open and close kinetic chains, dynamic training of the mobilizing musculature, cardiovascular exercise, group exercise, personal exercise at home Sensory-motor training is an essential element of the SET concept. The emphasis is on closed kinetic chain exercise on an unstable surface, there by achieving optimum stimulation of the sensory-motor apparatus.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.54-59
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• 2017

Background: Light touch cue is a sensory input that could potentially help in the control of posture. The immediate stimulatory effect of light touch cues using a cane during gait is associated with postural stability. This strategy can help post-stroke individuals regain their ability to perform the sit-to-stand (STS) transfer safely. Objects: The effects of light grip on postural control during the STS transfer in post-stroke subjects were investigated. Methods: Eleven participants (6 men, 5 women) with hemiplegia due to stroke were recruited in the study. The subjects with hemiparesis performed STS transfer in three randomly assigned conditions (1) without a cane (2) light grip with a cane (3) strong grip with a cane. Results: The difference in weight-bearing distribution between the left and right feet, when the subjects were instructed to stand up, was $52.73{\pm}2.13%$ without a cane, $42.75{\pm}3.26%$ with a strong grip, and $43.00{\pm}2.55%$ with a light grip (p<.05). The rate of rise in force indicates the peak power provided by subjects during their STS transfers. The rate of rise in force was statistically significantly lower without a cane than that with a light grip or a strong grip (p<.05). The subjects' centers of pressure sway on the mediolateral side during STS transfers statistically significantly declined with a light grip or a strong grip when compared to those without a cane (p<.05). Conclusion: When the subjects with hemiparesis used a cane during STS transfers, their duration, center of pressure sway, and difference in weight-bearing distribution were all reduced. The subjects also exhibited similar results during STS transfers with a cane gripped lightly. This result may provide guidelines for the use of assistive devices when patients with hemiparesis practice STS transfers in clinical settings.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.448-453
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• 2012

There are many researches to develop robots that improve its mobility to adapt in various uneven environments. In the paper, a hybrid wheeled and legged mobile robot is designed and a obstacle avoidance algorithm is proposed based on low power walking using LRF(Laser Range Finder). In order to stabilize the robot's motion and reduce energy consumption, we implement a low-power walking algorithm through comparison of the current value of each motors and correction of posture balance. A low-power obstacle avoidance algorithm is proposed by using LRF sensor. We improve walking stability by distributing power consumption and reduce energy consumption by selecting a shortest navigation path of the robot. The proposed methods are verified through walking and navigation experiments with the developed hybrid robot.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.285-292
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• 2016

Objective: This study collected data on muscle fatigue and ground reaction force during walking to provide a basis for development of custom-fitted outdoor walking shoes. The study analyzed an upright body exercise program using spine stabilization technique to determine the effect on foot plantar pressure in archers, demonstrate the effectiveness of upright body exercise, and develop a new, effective, and efficient training program. Method: A 12-week upright body exercise program was evaluated for the effect on plantar pressure in archers. Ten prize-winning archers (3 men, 7 women) in B metropolitan city, each with ${\geq}10years$ of experience, were given an explanation of the content and purpose of the program, and provided informed consent. Upright body exercise was performed 3 times a week for 12 weeks. A resistive pressure sensor was used to measure foot plantar pressure distribution and analyze quantitative information on variation in postural stability and weight shifting in dynamic balance during shooting, as well as plantar pressure in static balance with the eyes open and closed. Results: There were no significant differences in foot plantar pressure before and after participation in the exercise program. There was no statistically significant difference in foot plantar pressure in static balance with the eyes open or closed, or in foot plantar pressure in dynamic balance during shooting. Conclusion: An upright body exercise program had positive effects on foot plantar pressure in static and dynamic balance in archers by reducing body sway and physical imbalance during shooting and with eyes closed. This program is expected to help archers improve their posture and psychological state, and thereby improve performance.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 2018

Purpose: This study examined changes in gait speed and stride length after an intervention involving simultaneous scapular and pelvic patterns of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation in a hemiplegic patient. Methods: A 58-year-old woman with left hemiplegia who had complained of slowness of gait speed and weakness of leg strength took part in an intervention involving scapular postdepression patterns on the affected side and pelvic postdepression patterns on the nonaffected side. The intervention was performed with the patient lying on her left side, in a half kneeling position, and in a standing posture. Rhythmic initiation was used for teaching the movements to the patient and improvement of kinesthesia, and a combination of isotonic was employed for increasing strength and irradiation of the scapula and pelvic movement. The intervention took place for 30 min. It was implemented twice a day, 5 days a week, for 3 weeks. After three repetitions, the average time taken to complete the 10-m walk test (10 MWT), in addition to stride length, was measured to determine gait speed. Results: After the 3-week program, the patient's performance in the 10 MWT improved from 21.7sec to 17.1sec, and her stride length improved from 31.4cm to 38.7cm. Conclusion: The results showed that trunk movement exercise, especially coordinative movements of the scapula and pelvis can improve gait speed and stride length by increasing trunk stability and mobility. A combination of pelvic and scapular patterns can facilitate trunk rotation, thereby improving gait speed and stride length.