• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.43-58
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• 2015

This study is conducted in order to select the varieties that can supplement problems related with organic cultivation of bulb onion (Allium cepa L.). 15 test varieties were selected considering rural preference, breeding line, breeding company, open-pollinated cultivar, F1 hybrid cultivar of either domestic or foreign products. Onion varieties were assessed in 5 criteria which are : growth of plants in low temperature, freezing injury resistance, resistance to physiological disorder such as bolting and doubled bulb, lodging index during harvest, and marketable yield. As a result, e-Joeun, Katamaru, Pop, Art, Singihan among F1 hybrid cultivars and Changnyeongdaego, Seouldaego, and Chunjujunggo among open-pollinated cultivars were selected as more suitable varieties for the organic cultivation. Although Sunpower cannot be selected in varieties those are suitable for organic cultivation, it showed excellent traits in the bulb characteristics. No significant differences were found between open-pollinated cultivar and F1 hybrid cultivar except growth of plants in low temperature (plant sheath diameter) and lodging index during harvest (May 24th). And no significant differences were recognized between domestic varieties and foreign varieties except missing plant ratio after wintering.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.89-98
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to develop measures for establishing and enforcing legal nutrition labeling for Takju based on results from consumer awareness surveys, statistical model development, and evaluation of nutrients. The statistical model developed with consumer survey results showed that consumers would like to know the nutrients they intake from drinking Takju, as their awareness about Takju was low. Specifically, consumers would like to see information regarding alcohol content, calories, carbohydrates, and saccharides on the label. Structural equations from the research model showed that consumers who had some knowledge of Takju also had positive thoughts of the nutrition fact labels for Takju. Evaluation of nutrients in Takju showed that the starch sources and other ingredients used in Takju fermentation did not influence nutrient facts, and nutrient concentrations also varied among the different Takju. In addition, this research suggests methods for consumers to make reasonable selections and to inform them of the nutrition fact labeling for Takju. Benners and pop-up were manufactured to promote voluntary participation of companies and to provide nutrition facts from Takju. Eventually, a measure was suggested to establish and enforce nutrition labeling, using results from consumer and nutrient surveys of Takju.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.23-33
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to compare in vitro interfacial relationship of restorations bonded with three self-etching primer adhesives and one self-etching adhesive. Class I cavity preparations were prepared on twenty extracted human molars. Prepared teeth were divided into four groups and restored with four adhesives and composites Clearfil SE $Bond/Clearfil^{TM}$ AP-X (SE), UniFil $Bond/UniFil^{\circledR}$ F (UF), FL $Bond/Filtek^{TM}$ Z 250 (FL) and Prompt $L-Pop/Filtek^{TM}$ Z 250 (LP) After storing in distilled water of room temperature for 24 hours, the specimens were vertically sectioned and decalcified. Morphological patterns between the enamel/dentin and adhesives were observed under SEM. The results of this study were as follows : 1. They showed close adaptation between enamel and SE, UF and FL except for LP. 2. The hybrid layer in dentin was $2{\;}\mu\textrm{m}$ thick in SE, $1.5{\;}\mu\textrm{m}$ thick in UF, and $0.4{\;}\mu\textrm{m}$ in both FL and LP. So, the hybrid layers of SE and UF were slightly thicker than that of FL and LP. 3. The lengths and diameters of resin tags in UF and FL were similar, but those of LP were slightly shorter and slenderer than those of SE. 4. The resin tags were long rod shape in SE, and funnel shape in other groups Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that self-etching primer adhesives showed close adaptation on enamel. In addition, the thickness of hybrid layer ranged from $0.4-1.5{\;}\mu\textrm{m}$ between adhesives and dentin. The resin tags were long rod or funnel shape, and dimension of them was similar or different among adhesives.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.133-142
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• 2014

Recently, more focus is shift to imbalances in aggregate market supply and demand and an exhaustion of natural resources. In this situation, Electric arc furnace oxidizing slag (EAF Slag) has high application possibility as aggregate for concrete due to similar property with general aggregate. In this study, We've got the plan to assure the chemical stability of EAF Slag, and then experimentally tested the mechanical performance and durability for the fine aggregate used EAF Slag. On this test result, we suggest the application plan. At the result of this study, it shows that EAF slag would reduce the surface defect such as pop-out due to natural aging for the fixed hour and adjustment the grain size of EAF Slag. And mechanical performance and durability according to the replacement rate of concrete service, were revealed more than equal or equal compare to general aggregate. Hereafter, quality control must precede not to impede the beauty of concrete surface as assure the safety for aging and processing. And, to establish the environmental resource recycling system for by-products of steel, it should be made development of various application and guideline of quality control for the EAF slag aggregate. Moreover, it must be constantly studied all kind of engineering performance and durability for related to this study.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.204-214
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• 2005

This study compared the microtensile bond strength (${\mu}$TBS) and microscopic change of two 2-step and two 1-step self-etching adhesives to dentin according to storage times in distilled water. Occlusal dentin was exposed in 48 human molars. They were divided to four groups by different adhesives: SE Bond group (Clearfil SE Bond), AdheSE group (AdheSE). Adper group (Adper Prompt L-Pop), and Xeno group (Xeno III) . Each group was stored in 37$^{\circ}C$ distilled water for 1, 15, and 30 days. Resin-bonded specimens were sectioned into beams and subjected to ${\mu}$TBS testing with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. For SEM observation, one specimen was selected and sectioned in each group after each stroage time. Resin-dentin interface was observed under FE-SEM. In all storage times, mean ${\mu}$TBS of SE group was significantly higher than those of other groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between mean ${\mu}$TBS of SE group and AdheSE group among all storage times, but significant difference between 1- and 30-day storage in mean y${\mu}$TBS of Adper group and Xeno group (p > 0.05). For 1-and 15-day storage, all groups showed the close adaptation between resin-dentin interfaces. For 30-day storage, resin-dentin interfaces showed wide gap in Adper group and separate pattern in Xeno III group.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.1018-1027
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the types of scientific questions which were generated by elementary students and preservice teachers on the tasks of scientific observation. To identify the types of scientific questions, 4 observing tasks, dry grapes contained in soda pop, candlelight, celery, and a rock were administered to 40 sixth elementary students and 20 elementary preservice teachers. And then, the types and frequency of scientific questions generated by them were compared. The results showed that the types of scientific questions were classified into conjectural questions, causal questions, predictive questions, methodical questions and applicative questions. Further more, subordinate questions to the above questions were classified into object exploration questions and object verification questions, explicans exploration questions and explicans verification questions, result exploration questions and result verification questions, example exploration questions and example verification questions. Subordinate questions did not come out from the methodical questions. The types of scientific questions generated by elementary students and preservice teachers were identical, however, there were differences in frequency. This study supports that elementary students also have cognitive capability to generate various scientific questions. The results of this study may be used as a teaching strategy for the guidance of the direction and the method of scientific inquiry.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.405-412
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• 2015

Forty schools having natural turf playgrounds were investigated by on-spot investigation and oral interviews with relevant school officials to find out basic information on turfgrass management practices of school playgrounds in Gyeonggi province. Average area of playground was $3,890m^2$ per school and $12m^2$ per student. Ninety five percent of turf playgrounds were managed by school staff and ninety percent of schools spent less than 5 million won per year for turf management. The difficulties in turfgrass management were considered as a major challenge for the schools, followed by turfgrass management cost. Among the management practices, school officials pointed out weed management as the most difficult work, followed by irrigation. The average number of fertilization and mowing was 2 and 6 times per year, respectively. About the half of playgrounds were irrigated only when there was wilting symptom. Zoysiagrass was the most popular choice for the school playgrounds and only three school playgrounds were established with pop-up irrigation system. Fourteen school playgrounds had good turf quality but the rest of school playgrounds had inadequate turf quality requiring minor or full renovation.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.502-506
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• 2011

Most countries have the legislation and regulation for POPs control in food. In here, we studied the quantitative analysis of 24 organochlorine POPs (${\alpha}$-HCH 1, ${\beta}$-HCH 2, ${\gamma}$-HCH 3, ${\delta}$-HCH 4, trans-chlrodane 5, 2,4'-DDE 6, ${\alpha}$-endosulfan 7, cis-chlordane 8, 2,4'-DDD 9, endrin 10, ${\beta}$-endosulfan 11, 2,4'-DDT 12, endosulfan sulfate 13, HCB 14, aldrin 15, trans-nonachlor 16, 4,4'-DDE 17, dieldrin 18, 4,4'-DDD 19, cis-nonachlor 20, 4,4'-DDT 21, heptachlor 22, heptachlor epoxide 23 and mirex 24) with GC-ECD. The retention time of analytes were ranged between 19.18 min and 34.69 min, and their peak intervals were over 0.05 min at least. LOQs were ranged 0.003 ~ 0.033 ng/g, and their recovery rates were showed 60.9 ~ 120.8% on the 0.1 ng/g concentration of 24 organochlorine POPs. All tested 30 sundried salts were collected on Korean retailed market, and any analyte was not found in all the samples on LOQ levels.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.41
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• pp.133-152
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• 2015

Some artists and scientists in physics and animation originating from research on its form of expression thanks to the rapid development of the example in the late 20th century image production technology integrating existing media feature, perform a re-creation and pop culture content has been recognized as a key factor. animation of the modern emphasis is also commercial and artistic activities as show whether the artist can not be excluded that also target audience. The audience does not want only to receive offers simply 'seeing' and 'hearing' in the animation requires a more indirect mental met. the other side, the director should lead the audience to immerse myself in work as intended mystification induce the world. where a conflict occurs between the audience and the director and The director needs to have its troubleshooting point to 'Technology of the communication'. Which is reduced to 'How will tell,' is technology communication technologies that are abbreviated representations of animation director is accessible to the audience and it is a close relationship between the psychological aspect of audience. Because, the audience is reproduced in a limited space, but he called on the board of directors and the same time the screen, the audience located at reception and the director located at provide. It is given. led force is given to the director. for this reason, The director needs to pay attention to the psychological aspect of audience this can be explained based on psychoanalytic theory. In this paper, "How can you lie to the audience and the director is the same line?" put down logic that is the animation audience under the logic that takes place visually capture phenomenon "selective attention" and sub-concept of "goal-directed selection' and 'stimulus-driven capturel' for theory of psychology. also, Induction device to elicit selective attention of the audience accordingly, let's consider whether and how they apply in animation.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.46
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• pp.151-179
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyse the characteristics of the 1920s and 1930s to analyze the emotions of laughter in the popular culture, This period, such as the style of comic books, tools, and textures, has been influenced by the influence of the eodi, and it is in its way to establish the aesthetic aesthetics of the colonial Joseon Dynasty. In the pop culture of the 1920-30s, laughter was a new feeling in the gloomy atmosphere of colonial rule. It was the comic media that showed the sensation to the public, owned it, and injured it. Also, the comic book was an important period in which comic books were produced to produce quantitative and qualitative growth. The study explored how the comics interacted with other media in the 1920s and 30s. And the study analyzed what was selected in there. This can quickly explain how the comics gained, or how they obtained them. This shows how the comics gained, in a way, how they obtained laughter.