• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) pattern exercise using sprinter and skater on balance and gait in the stroke patients. Methods: Twenty-two subjects were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n=11) and the control group (n=11). The experimental group performed PNF pattern exercise using sprinter and skater for 15 minutes with conventional physical therapy for 35 minutes (matt and gait training for 15 minutes + FES stimulation for 20 minutes), while the control group performed only conventional physical therapy for 50 minutes (matt and gait training for 30 minutes + FES stimulation for 20 minutes). Both groups performed therapeutic interventions for five days per week, for a period of four weeks. Functional Reach Test (FRT) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) were used for assessment of balance, and Timed-Up and Go test (TUG) was used for testing of gait. Results: The experimental group showed significant improvements in the FRT and the BBS, while the control group did not show significant changes in two measurements. The experimental group also showed significant improvements, however, the control group did not show significant changes in the TUG. In post-values of three measurements, significant differences were observed between the two groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that PNF pattern exercise using sprinter and skater may be used to improve balance and gait function in stroke patients. Thus, we suggested that PNF pattern exercise using sprinter and skater would be a therapeutic intervention in stroke rehabilitation.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2012

Purpose : This study aimed to compare the effect of two modes (proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation combination patterns and ball exercise) of low back stability for chronic low back patients. Methods : The subjects were recruited fourty patients who had low back pain. All subjects were randomly assigned to PNF combination patterns group, ball exercise group. Measurements were performed fourtimes: pre test, 2weeks, 4weeks, and 6weeks. Main outcome measures comprised the visual analogue scale(VAS), balance performance monitor(BPM). Results : The results were as follows. In the comparison of VAS score, sway area, sway path, and sway velocity according treatment period, score was significantly reduced in both PNF combination pattern group and ball exercise group. In the comparison of the both VAS and sway area between groups, there were significant. PNF combination pattern group significantly more decrease than ball exercise group at 6 weeks. However, both sway path and sway max velocity between group, there were not significantly. Conclusion : These results of this study indicated that PNF combination pattern which performed for six weeks had a significant influence than ball exercise group on low back pain.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate PNF exercise, the athletic performances and the ability of exercise capacity in Taekwondo. Methods : This is a literature study with books and articles, seminar note and books for PNF international course. Results : The PNF exercise was efficient at improving flexibility and muscle strengthening in Taekwondo athletes. Kinematic characters of Yupchagi and Dollyuchagi in Taekwondo were analogous to Lower extremity Flexion-Abduction-Internal Rotation patterns in PNF, and the kinematic character of Apchagi was to analogous to Lower extremity Flexion-Adduction-External Rotation pattern in PNF. Movements of Upper extremities and Lower extremities during kicking were similar to PNF patterns. The PNF is efficient at improving athletic performances and the ability of exercise capacity in Taekwondo. Conclusion : The result of this study showed that PNF patterns and kicking that is one of the basic movement in Taekwondo have many similarities. With that PNF patterns was the training methods to improve flexibility and muscle strengthening, PNF patterns are considered to improve athletic performances and the ability of exercise capacity in Taekwondo.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2007

Purpose : this study was to investigate the influence on lower extremity pattern of PNF to muscle questionnaire ability of patients with knee OA. Methods : The subjects were consisted of 60 women patients with knee OA. And all subjects were randomly devide to two group which was modality group and PNF group. Each group had a treatment for 30 minutes per day and three times a week during 8 weeks period. VAS was used to measure pain, patient specific functional scale(PSFS) was used to measure patient's functional disability level, global perceived effect scale(GPES) was used to measure recovery or worse of patient's condition, muscle assessment questionnaire (MAQ) was used to measure patient's pain level. Results : 1. VAS was showed that PNF group had more significantly decreased than modality group(p<.05). 2. PSFS was showed that PNF group had more significantly increased than modality group(p<.05). 3. GPES was showed that PNF group had more significantly decreased than modality group(p<.05). 4. MAQ was showed that PNF group had more significantly decreased than modality group(p<.05). Conclusion : There are strong significant between PNF group and modality group.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.425-432
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between foot pressure and upper arm PNF exercise conducted with elastic bands while standing. Methods: Eighteen asymptomatic patients consented to participate in the study. Foot pressure was measured in the standing position using the Gaitview system for proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching (PNF) using a right upper arm pattern. Resistance strength was varied based on the type of elastic band used (red=medium, green=heavy, and blue=extra heavy). Statistical significance of the results was evaluated using a repeated one-way ANOVA, and the Bonferroni method was used for the ad hoc test (SPSS ver. 18. for Windows). Results: A significant difference was observed in fore-foot, rear-foot, and everage pressure after upper arm PNF exercise. However, there was no significant difference according to the type of elastic band. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, an upper arm PNF exercise with and without resistance may affect foot pressure in the standing position.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.111-117
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• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the activity of the knee flexor and extensor with ankle plantar flexion and dorsiflexion. Methods : A total of 18 subjects(Male 6, female 12) performed 4 lower extremity patterns of PNF and the activities of the vastus medialis oblique, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, semitendinosus ipsilateral sides were measured using electromyography. Results : During 4 lower extremity patterns of PNF, knee flexor and extensor muscle activity were significantly difference. Knee extensors were shown to be higher knee extension and ankle dorsiflexion combined pattern. Knee flexors were shown to be higher knee flexion and ankle plantarflexion combined pattern. Conclusion : We suggest that it is efficient to strengthening of knee extensors with ankle dorsiflexion and to strengthening of knee flexors with ankle plantar flexion. Also, for the functioning as toe standing, we have to choice appropriate movement pattern.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.285-293
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to confirm that the activation of the contralateral muscles changes according to posture after applying the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation leg pattern. Methods: Ten healthy adults (four males and six females) with no history of current musculoskeletal/neurological injuries were recruited for this study. Abdominal muscle (transverse abdominis) and hip joint muscle (gluteus maximus and gluteus medius) activation was assessed using surface electromyography (Ultium EMG, Noraxon Inc., USA). We evaluated muscle activation during the application of the PNF leg pattern. The data were analyzed using the SPSS version 21.0 program. Results: The results were found to be statistically significantly different in the 90/90 supine posture and sitting posture for the gluteus maximus (p < 0.05). The results were found to be not statistically significantly different for the transverse abdominis according to posture (p > 0.05). The results were found to be not statistically significantly different for the gluteus medius according to posture (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Application of the PNF leg pattern resulted in a significant change in the muscle activation of the contralateral segment according to posture, and the 90/90 supine posture induced high muscle activation of the gluteus maximus. In addition, the activation of the transverse abdominis was high in all three postures.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.318-328
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• 2012

본 연구는 PNF 결합패턴이 뇌졸중 환자의 마비측 하지 근 활성도와 보행 능력에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지를 알아보고자 실시하였다. 뇌졸중 환자 20명을 대상으로 하여 PNF 결합패턴(주 4회, 6주간)을 적용하는 실험군(n=10)과 일반 운동치료만을 적용하는 대조군(n=10)으로 무작위 배정하였다. 하지 근 활성도 측정은 활동전위의 실효치 값으로 분석하였고, 보행능력검사는 10MWT, DGI, F8WT를 이용하여 측정하였다. 운동 적용 방법에 따른 측정 시점에 대한 대조군과 실험군의 유의성 검정은 Two-way repeated measure ANOVA를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 근 활성도를 알아보기 위해 측정한 RF(p<.05), VM, TA, LH, LG(p<.001) 근육 모두 각 측정 시기에서 통계적으로 유의한 증가가 있었으며, VM, TA, LH, LG(p<.001)에서 측정시간과 군 간의 상호작용이 나타났다. 보행능력을 알아보기 위해 실시한 10MWT, DGI, F8WT 검사에서도 각 측정 시기에서 통계적으로 유의한 향상이 있었으며(p<.001), 10MWT(p<.05), DGI(p<.001), F8WT(p<.01)에서 측정시간과 군 간의 상호작용이 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과로 보아 PNF 결합패턴은 뇌졸중 환자의 마비측 근 활성도를 증가시키는데 도움을 주고, 보행 능력 개선에 유용한 전략으로 사용될 수 있음을 증명하였다.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of opposite lower extremity lateral muscle activation by proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) exercise targeting the lower extremities. Methods: Nineteen patients with chronic hemiplegia volunteered to participate in this study. PNF flexion, abduction, and internal rotation patterns; initial, end range, and extension patterns; abduction and internal rotation patterns; and initial and end range patterns were applied to the dominant lower extremity. Activation of lateral muscles (multifidus, gluteus medius, tensor fascia lata, and peroneous longus) of the paralyzed leg was then measured by electromyography (EMG). Results: There were significant differences in lateral muscle activation, depending on the PNF pattern applied, with the differences more significant in flexion, abduction, internal rotation, and end range patterns. Conclusion: PNF flexion, abduction, and internal rotation patterns can improve lateral muscle activation of one leg in the standing position in the gait cycle.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.152-160
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of elastic band based of PNF pattern on the U/E function in the spinal cord injury patient. 11 subjects with spinal cord injury participated in this study. They took elastic band excercise 5 times per week for 8 weeks. One time excercise spent 35minutes. The therapeutic effect was evaluated by Cybex 6000, BTE Work Simulator, how many seconds they needed to walk 100 meters. 11 cases were examined before, after 8 week, elastic band excercise. The results of this study are as follows; 1. Isokinetic power by Cybex 6000 : The elbow flexion, shoulder flexion and extension were significant difference between test-retest(p<.05). but elbow extension were not significant difference between test-retest. 2. BTE Work Simulator : Wheelchair Propulsion and Steering Torque were significant difference between test-retest(p<.05). 3. Wheelchair Propulsion velocity : There were significant difference between test-retest(p<.05). The findings suggest that SCI patients can improve their Isokinetic power on shoulder and elbow joint, wheelchair propulsion and Steering Torque by BTE Work Simulator, Wheelchair Propulsion velocity through elastic band based of PNF pattern.