• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2005

초음파 모터는 전자기식 모터들과는 달리 다양한 특징과 뛰어난 성능을 가진 새로운 형태의 모터이다. 그러나, 초음파 모터는 특히 구동시간에 따라 시스템의 비선형적인 특성과 파라미터의 변화들에 대한 문제를 갖는다. 그러므로 기존의 PID제어기를 사용함으로써 만족스러운 제어기의 성능을 내기가 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 원환형 초음파 모터와 선형 초음파 모터의 정밀 제어를 하기 위해 구동시간에 따른 응답 시간과 변화 등의 특성을 각각 분석하고, 리니어 초음파 모터에 대해서는 ${\mu}m$정도의 오차를 갖는 스텝 제어기와 PD제어기를 결합한 제어기를 제안한다. 제안된 제어기의 성능은 제어를 하지 않고 구동 시에 측정된 슬립 오차와 제안된 제어기를 사용하여 구동 시 측정된 슬립 오차를 비교하여 평가하였다. 실험 결과 스텝 제어기를 사용한 리니어 초음파 모터의 슬립오차는 $10{\mu}m$이하로 우수한 성능을 입증하였다.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.185-190
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• 2019

본 연구는 유리차수 미분의 수학적인 방법을 시스템의 응답을 제어하는 제어기에 적용하고자 한다. 일반적인 PID제어기의 라플라스 변환은 s의 정수지수를 갖게 된다. 유리차수의 미분은 라플라스 변환에서 s에 대한 유리수 지수를 갖게 된다. 따라서 이를 제어기로 구성하기 위해서는 유리수 지수에 대한 설계가 적절하지 않아 이산시간으로 변환하여 설계하는 방법을 제안한다. 이를 표준 2차 시스템에 적용하여 성능을 살펴보고, 산업현장에서 많이 사용되는 솔레노이드밸브에 적용한다. 외란 상태의 추정이 가능하도록 루엔버거 관측기를 설계하고 관측된 상태에 대하여 유리차수 제어기를 적용하여 균일하며 정밀한 제어성능을 얻을 수 있었다. 정상상태의 위치오차가 0.1 [%]이내이고, 기동시간이 약 0.3 [s]이내의 정밀하며 균일한 위치제어성능 가짐을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.2252-2257
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• 2003

In this paper, we develop the so-called functional test model for magnetic bearing reaction wheels. The functional test model has three degree of freedom, which consists of one axial suspension from gravity and the other two axes gimbaling capability to small angle, and does not include the motor. For the control of the functional test model, we derive the optimal electromagnetic forces based on the least squares method, and use the proportional-integral-derivative controller. Then, we develop a hardware setup, which mainly consists of the digital signal processor and the 12-bit analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters, and show the experimental results.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.354-362
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• 2000

Optimal supervisory control strategy for the set points of controlled variables in the central cooling system has been studied by computer simulation. A quadratic linear regression equation for predicting the total cooling system power in terms of the controlled and uncontrolled variables was developed using simulated data collected under different values of controlled and uncontrolled variables. The optimal set temperatures such as supply air temperature, chilled water temperature, and condenser water temperature, are determined such that energy consumption is minimized as uncontrolled variables, load, ambient wet bulb temperature, and sensible heat ratio, are changed. The chilled water loop pump and cooling tower fan speeds are controlled by the PID controller such that the supply air and condenser water set temperatures reach the set points designated by the optimal supervisory controller. The influences of the controlled variables on the total system and component power consumption was determined. It is possible to minimize total energy consumption by selecting the optimal set temperatures through the trade-off among the component powers. The total system power is minimized at lower supply, higher chilled water, and lower condenser water set temperature conditions.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.120-127
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• 2007

This paper describes the development of a nonlinear observer for four wheel steer (4WS) vehicle. An observer is designed to estimate the vehicle variables difficult to measure directly. A brake yaw motion controller (BYMC), which uses a PID control method, is also proposed for controlling the brake pressure of the rear and inner wheels to enhance lateral stability. It induces the yaw rate to track the reference yaw rate, and it reduces a slip angle on a slippery road. The braking and steering performances of the anti-lock brake system (ABS) and BYMC are evaluated for various driving conditions, including straight, J-turn, and sinusoidal maneuvers. The simulation results show that developed ABS reduces the stopping distance and increases the longitudinal stability. The observer estimates velocity, slip angle, and yaw rate of 4WS vehicle very well. The results also reveal that the BYMC improves vehicle lateral stability and controllability when various steering inputs are applied.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.422-428
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• 1996

This study was conducted to developed to develop a simple battery-powered autonomous vehicle for greenhouse works. A steering method using speed difference of two independent driving motors was adopted. DC motor driving circuit, speed control circuit and controller using one-chip microcomputer were constructed. The inputs of controller are rolling of the vehicle and current speed of driving motors. Using these signals, automatic guidance system along furrow was developed. A computer simulation program by the kenematic analysis was developed to find out optimal control algorithm. The results of this study are as follows. 1. Automatic guidance system along the furrow that adopted two independent driving motors and rolling of vehicle was developed. 2. The results of simulation showed that PID control was adequate to automatic guidance system along furrow. 3. Two commercial 12V battery serially connected were able to drive the vehicle on the soil ground for five hours in continuous operation and for four hours in intermittent operation without recharging the battery. 4. The speed range was 0-0.7m/s and the rolling of vehicle could be controlled within $pm5^{\circ}$ range. 5. From a series of tests, developed vehicle was found to be a useful tool for greenhouse works.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.719-726
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• 2015

This paper presents a velocity-synchronizing control for the multiple axes of an injection unit; based on MBS, a virtual design model has been developed for the multiple-axes servomechanism. Prior to the design of the controller, a linear plant model was derived via open-loop response simulations. To synchronize the motions of the multiple axes, a cross-type synchronizing controller was designed and combined with the PID control to accommodate any parameter mismatches among the multiple axes. From the tracking control simulations, a significant reduction of both velocity-tracking and position-tracking errors was achieved through the use of the proposed control scheme.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회A
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• pp.1439-1443
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• 2007

In this paper, vibration reduction techniques of a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator are presented for AFM imaging system. The damping coefficient of the actuator driven by VCM with a flexure hinge is quite low and it cause the about 30dB peak amplitude response at the resonance frequency. To decrease this peak response, we design and apply elliptical band-stop filters to xy and z axis VCM actuator. Frequency response of each actuator with filter is measured to verify the effect of the filters. As a sensor, capacitive sensor is used. Vibration reduction rate of the xy actuator with the filter is also measured while real AFM scanning condition. As another method, closed loop control with the capacitive sensor is applied to the xy axis actuator to add an electrical damping effect and vibration reduction rate measured. These vibration reduction rates with each method are compared. In the case of z axis actuator, the frequency response of force (gap) control loop is measured. For comparison, the frequency response using a conventional PID controller is also obtained. Finally, the AFM image of a standard grid sample is measured with the designed controller to analyze the effect in the AFM imaging.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.30-38
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• 2003

This paper proposed PID controller for torch slider and PD controller for motor right wheel. to control the motion of two-wheeled welding mobile robot with seam tracking sensor touched on welding line. The motion control is realized in the view of keeping constant welding velocity and precise seam tracking even though the target welding line is on straight line or curved line. The position and direction of the body of the mottle robot are controlled by using signal errors between seam tracking sensor and body positioning sensor attached on the end of torch slider and body side of the mobile robot, respectively. In turning motion, the body and the torch slider are controlled by using the kinematic model related with two motions of body turning and torch sliding. The straight locomotion is controlled according to eleven control patterns obtained from displacements between two sensors of the seam tracking sensor and the body positioning sensor. The effectiveness is proven through the experimental results fur lattice type welding line. Through the experimental results, we can see that the position value of the electrode end point and the welding velocity are controlled almost constantly both in straight and turning locomotion.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.109-112
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• 2007

In this paper, a mathematical modeling was developed to simulate 1kW class air cooled Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell(PEMFC) system. The proposed modeling was conducted under SIMULINK based environment. The model ing was developed based on the thermodynamic and chemical equilibrium. The objective is to design and implement the entire fuel cell system model ing including the system controller modeling. The fuel cell process and the control system modeling should have to be connected with each other simultaneously， therefore the two types of modeling influences each other when the system simulator run. The fuel cell modeling libraries are simulated using the SIMULINK under the thermodynamic and chemical equilibrium base. The PID controller application was designed and developed to test the process modeling and verify it. This the prototype development of the fuel cell system to design and test more complicate fuel cell systems, like the residential power generation system. The simulation results was compared to the real PEMFC system performance. We have achieved the reasonable accordance with the Lab test and the simulation results.