• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.78-87
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• 2009

위암 발생률이 높은 우리나라에서는 위암이 발생할 가능성이 높은 고위험군에서 위암 발생 여부를 알 수 있는 생물학적 인자(biological marker)의 개발이 매우 중요한데 가장 많이 연구되는 인자로 혈청 펩시노겐(Pepsinogen)이 있다. 이에 소화기질환을 가지고 있는 환자군과 건강검진센터 수진자를 대상으로 한두 가지 연구에서 혈청 펩시노겐 검사에 영향을 주는 인자를 알아보고 위축성 위염이나 위암 진단에 있어 혈청 펩시노겐 검사의 역할을 알아보았다. 혈청 펩시노겐 검사에 영향을 주는 인자로는 H. pylori 감염이 가장 컸고, 다음으로 성별, 연령이 있었다. 이를 고려한 결과 한국인에서의 내시경적 위축성 위염 진단에 있어서 PG I/II ratio 기준은 H. pylori 감염 여부에 따라 달랐는데 H. pylori 감염이 없는 경우는 PG I/II ratio 6이, H. pylori 감염이 있는 경우는 국제적 기준인 PG I/II ratio 3이 예민도와 민감도에서 우수했다. 또한 한국인에서의 위암이나 위축성 위염 진단에 있어 PG I이나 PG II는 별로 유용하지 않은 반면 PG I/II ratio는 비교적 유용함을 알 수 있었고, 특히 H. pylori 감염이 있는 경우 PG I/II ratio $\leq3$ 이하가 위암 발생위험도 예측에 도움이 되었다. 결과적으로 혈청 펩시노겐을 위암이나 위축성 위염 진단 biomarker로 사용할 때는 기존의 국제적인 기준도 중요하지만 각 나라의 현실에 맞는 기준치 적용을 위해 validation study를 시행하고 사용하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 보인다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.54-59
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• 2007

In this paper, we present evidence that the Korean red ginseng extract shows the immunomodulatory activities during postoperative chemotherapy after curative surgery in patients with advanced colon cancer. We measured the circulating interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-8 (IL-8)and interleukin-10 (IL-10) as a immune modulator to evaluate the effect of Korean red ginseng. The mean preoperative value of IL-2 was similar in the non-RG group and the RG group (5.72 pg/ml versus 6.87 pg/ml, p>0.05). The mean value of IL-2 was compared with IL-2 from healthy control group, there was no significant difference (14.89 pg/ml versus 14.22 pg/ml, p>0.05). The mean preoperative value of IL-8 was higher in the non-RG group comparing with the RG group (30.92 pg/ml versus 36.25 pg/ml, p < 0.05). At postoperative 3 month, the mean values of IL-8 from non-RG and RG group down to 24.56 pg/ml and 21.46 pg/ml respectively. The IL-8 of RG group at 3 month showed no difference with that of HC group(21.46 pg/ml versus 16.31 pg/ml, p>0.05). The preoperative mean value of IL-10 of non-RG, RG and HC group was 11.56 pg/ml, 10.8 pg/ml, and 3.68 pg/ml respectively. At postoperative 3 month, the mean values of IL-10 from non-RG and RG group down to 8.45 pg/ml and 5.04 pg/ml respectively. In spite of decreasing IL-10 levels of both cancer Patients group with time, there was still significant difference with that of HC group (non-RG versus HC group, p=0.00, RC versus HC group, p=0.04). The results of this study suggest that the red ginseng extract may have some immunomodulatory properties associated with IL-2, IL-8 and IL-10 activity in patients with advanced colorectal cancer during postoperative chemotherapy. We think to need the further studies and a larger sample size to fully evaluate the antitumor effect of ginseng and need to establish this mechanism of action as well as identify the active components associated with antitumor activity and immunomodulation in patients with advanced colorectal cancer.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.463-467
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• 2009

Allium 속 근연종인 파와 양파간 종간교잡을 이용하여 양파로부터 새로운 형질을 도입하는 과정에서 유래되는 종간교잡 F1과 여교잡 세대들의 게놈크기의 변화를 flow cytometry를 이용하여 측정한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 양파와 파의 종간교잡 F1의 식물학적 특성은 양친의 중간형을 보였으나 여교잡이 진전됨에 따라 반복친인 파의 표현형이 우세하였다. flow cytometry를 이용하여 2C nuclear DNA content을 측정한 결과 $F_1$은 양친에 비해 오히려 증가하였으나 여교잡이 진행됨에 따라 급속히 감소하여 $BC_2F_1$에서는 반복친과 비슷한 수준으로 감소하였다. 여교잡세대의 자식인 $BC_1F_2$은 반복친과 비슷한 $23.1{\pm}1.0pg$으로 측정되었으나 $BC_2F_2$는 $22.9{\pm}0.4pg$으로 반복친의 2C nuclear DNA content인 $23.2{\pm}0.2pg$ 보다 오히려 감소하였다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.206-219
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the influence of local application of thymoquinone (TQ) on bone healing in experimental bone defects infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis (PG). Methods: Forty-two female rats were randomly divided into 6 groups. A bone defect was created on the right tibia of all animals. The PG, PG/collagen membrane (COL) and PG/TQ/COL groups were infected with PG. In the COL and PG/COL groups, the defects were covered with a COL; in the TQ/COL and PG/TQ/COL groups, the defects were covered with a TQ-containing COL. After 28 days, all animals were sacrificed. Quantitative measurements of new bone formation and osteoblast lining, as well as semiquantitative measurements of capillary density and tissue response, were analyzed. Furthermore, the presence of bacterial infections in defect areas was evaluated. Results: The new bone formation, osteoblast number, and capillary density were significantly higher in the TQ groups than in the control groups (P<0.001, P<0.001, and P<0.01, respectively). In a comparison between the TQ/COL group, with a TQ-containing COL (TQ/COL), and the PG-infected TQ-containing COL (PG/TQ/COL) group, the newly formed bone and capillary density were higher in the TQ/COL group (P<0.01). When the control group was compared to the PG, PG/COL, and PG/TQ/COL groups in terms of tissue response, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.001, P=0.02, and P=0.041, respectively). The intensity of the inflammatory cell reaction was higher in the PG, PG/COL, and PG/TQ/COL groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, the local application of a TQ-containing COL positively affected bone healing even if the bone defects were infected. The results suggest that TQ increased angiogenesis and showed promise for accelerating bone defect healing. Further research is warranted to support these findings and reach more definitive conclusions.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.559-569
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was to examine the reliability and validity of Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) as a nutritional measurement for stroke patients. Methods: This was a methodological study performed from May 6 to June 10, 2009 at a tertiary university hospital in Seoul. For reliability of PG-SGA, inter-rater reliability was used for statistics. For concurrent validity, BMI and biomarkers were compared between PG-SGA 0 ~ 8 and ${\geq}$ 9. In addition, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of PG-SGA compared with SGA were calculated using a contingency table. For predictive validity, hospital day, complications, and readmission within 1-month after discharge were compared between PG-SGA 0 ~ 8 and ${\geq}$ 9. Results: Correlation of PG-SGA score between two observers was 0.83, and kappa value for the agreement of severe malnutrition was 0.78(all $p_s$ < .001). The scored PG-SGA showed high sensitivity and specificity (100% and 96.7%, respectively). Severe undernourished patients (PG-SGA ${\geq}$ 9) had significantly low TLC, protein, albumin, and prealbumin (all $p_s$ < .01) compared with non-undernourished patients (PG-SGA 0 ~ 8). Also, in severe undernourished patients, complications and readmission (all $p_s$ = 0.01) were more often represented, and hospital days (p = .013) were significantly delayed. Conclusion: PG-SGA is a reliable and valid measurement to assess nutritional status for stroke patients.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.201-212
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• 2003

한반도 남동부의 경상분지에 한국지질자원연구원의 지진관측망을 비롯한 관측소들이 급격히 증가함에 따라, 지진관측의 능력이 최근에 들어 크게 향상되었다. 그러나, 빈번한 중소규모의 화약발파에 의한 진동이 다수 관측되고 있다. 따라서, 이 지역에서 자연지진과 발파에 의한 인공지진의 식별이 중요한 문제로 부상하였다. 이 지역에서의 인공지진과 자연지진의 적절한 식별법을 확립하기 위하여 소규모의 지역지진 43개와 이에 대응되는 인공지진 43개를 선정하였다. 이 연구에서는 주파수 영역에서 Pg파, Sg파 및 Lg파의 스펙트럼 진폭비를 이용하는 기법들이 폭 넓게 검토되었다. 그들 중 Pg/Lg 스펙트럼 진폭비를 이용하는 방법이 가장 좋은 식별법으로 나타났다. 또한, 식별능력을 향상시키기 위하여 Pg/Lg 스펙트럼비에 다변량 판별분석법을 적용하였다. 거리보정이 안된 수직성분에 비하여 거리에 대한 감쇠효과를 보정한 3성분의 Pg/Lg비에 판별분석법을 적용했을 때의 판별능력은 뚜렷한 증가를 보인다. 주파수 대역 4-l4Hz의 범위에서, 거리 보정한 3성분의 Pg/Lg비에 대한 판별분석의 결과 총 분류비율은 0.89%에 불과한 것으로 나타난다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.406-413
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• 2015

Background: Pathogenesis-related 10 (PR-10) proteins are small, cytosolic proteins with a similar three-dimensional structure. Crystal structures for several PR-10 homologs have similar overall folding patterns, with an unusually large internal cavity that is a binding site for biologically important molecules. Although structural information on PR-10 proteins is substantial, understanding of their biological function remains limited. Here, we showed that one of the PgPR-10 homologs, PgPR-10.3, shares binding properties with flavonoids, kinetin, emodin, deoxycholic acid, and ginsenoside Re (1 of the steroid glycosides). Methods: Gene expression patterns of PgPR-10.3 were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. The three-dimensional structure of PgPR-10 proteins was visualized by homology modeling, and docking to retrieve biologically active molecules was performed using AutoDock4 program. Results: Transcript levels of PgPR-10.3 expressed in leaves, stems, and roots of 3-wk-old ginseng plantlets were on average 86-fold lower than those of PgPR-10.2. In mature 2-yr-old ginseng plants, the mRNA of PgPR-10.3 is restricted to leaves. Ginsenoside Re production is especially prominent in leaves of Panax ginseng Meyer, and the binding property of PgPR-10.3 with ginsenoside Re suggests that this protein has an important role in the control of secondary metabolism. Conclusion: Although ginseng PR-10.3 gene is expressed in all organs of 3-wk-old plantlets, its expression is restricted to leaves in mature 2-yr-old ginseng plants. The putative binding property of PgPR-10.3 with Re is intriguing. Further verification of binding affinity with other biologically important molecules in the large hydrophobic cavity of PgPR-10.3 may provide an insight into the biological features of PR-10 proteins.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.488-493
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• 1991

Lactobacilus acidophilus를 이용한 배추김치제조 연구의 일환으로 이 균이 생성하는 김치의 연화와 밀접한 관련이 있는 효소의 하나인 polygalacturonase(PG)의 성질을 균체내 및 균체외 PG로 나누어 조사하였다. Gel 여과법에 의하여 측정한 균체내외 PG의 개략적인 분자량은 각각 420,000 및 500,000dalton 이었으며, Km값은 다같이 4.0mg/ml이었고, Vmax는 각각 8.0 및 $0.3{\mu}mol$ galacturonic acid/ml/30min 이었다. 최적 pH는 균체내외 PG 다같이 5.5 부근이었으며, 최적온도는 $30^{\circ}C$, 최적 소금농도는 2~3%이었다. 효소활성은 $60^{\circ}C에서\;90^{\circ}C$로 높아질수록 크게 저하하였으며 $60^{\circ}C$에서의 잔존활성은 균체내 PG의 경우 50%, 균체외 PG의 경우 58% 이었고 $90^{\circ}C$에서는 균체내 PG는 5%, 균체외 PG는 19%로서 균체외 효소의 열안정성이 높았다.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.312-317
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• 1995

The polygalacturonase (PG) production in rotten apples by Botryosphaeria dothidea was purified by using gel filtration and ion exchange column chromatography, and the biochemical characters of PG were investigated. The purified PG appeared as a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) with approximate molecular weight of 49 kilodalton (kDa). The molecular weight was equal to the native molecular weight estimated by gel filtration. The Km and Vmax values of PG were 0.51 mg/ml and 90.9 $\mu$M/min/ml, respectively. Optimum pH was 4.0~5.0, and the PG activity was stable from pH 5.0~10.0. Optimum temperature of the enzyme activity was 4$0^{\circ}C$. The PG activity was relatively stable at 2$0^{\circ}C$, but it was reduced 45% at 4$0^{\circ}C$ and completely inactivated at 8$0^{\circ}C$. The PG activity was considerably inhibited by Cu2+, Zn2+, SDS and EDTA, whereas it was not effected by Ca2+, K+, Mg2+ or Na+ ions.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권21호
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• pp.9555-9556
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• 2014