• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.39-46
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• 2013

In this paper, organic solar cells(OSCs) based on bulk-heterojunction structures were fabricated by spin coating method using polymer P3HT and fullerene PCBM as a photoactive layer. The fabricated OSCs had a simple glass/ITO/PEDOT:PSS/P3HT:PCBM/Al structures. The photoactive layer of mixed P3HT:PCBM was formed with 1:1 weight ratio. The hole transport layer(HTL) was used conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS concentration with gold nanoparticles. The annealing temperature and concentration of nanoparticles in HTL were verified to improve the OSC characterization. The percentage of gold nanoparticles in HTL were 0.5 wt% and 1.0 wt%, and the surface morphology, electrical properties and absorption intensities were investigated. The devices were 0.5 wt%, and the highest 3.1% of the powder conversion efficiency(PCE), 10.2 $mA/cm^2$ of the maximum short circuit current density($J_{SC}$), 0.535V of the open circuit voltage($V_{OC}$) and 55.8% of the fill factor(F.F) could be obtained when the nanoparticle concertration was 0.5 wt%. The annealing temperature of HTL was $110^{\circ}C$, $130^{\circ}C$, $150^{\circ}C$ in vacuum oven and measured the absorption intensities, surface morphology, crystallinity and electrical properties were investigated. The best property was obtained in HTL annealed at $130^{\circ}C$ for gold nanoparticles of 0.5 wt%, showing that $J_{SC}$, $V_{OC}$, F.F and PCE were about 12.0 $mA/cm^2$, 0.525V, 64.2% and 4.0%, respectively.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 2014

Recently, the buffer layers consisting of poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly (styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS) are extensively used to improve power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells. However, PEDOT-PSS is not suitable for mass production of organic solar cells due to its intrinsic acid and hygroscopic properties. Moreover, because of chemical reactions between indium tin oxide (ITO) layer and PEDOT-PSS layer, the interface is not stable. For these reasons, alternative materials such as $V_2O_5$ have been developed to be an effective buffer layer. In this work, we used $V_2O_5$/Ag/ITO multilayer structure for the anode buffer layer. With variation of thickness of Ag layer, we investigated the optical and electrical properties of $V_2O_5$/Ag/ITO multi-layer films. As a result, we found that the electrical properties were improved with increasing Ag thickness while optical transmittance decreases in visible wavelength region. From the calculation of figure of merit (FOM) which is used to evaluate proper structure for transparent of optoelectronic, $V_2O_5$/Ag/ITO multilayer electrode was optimized with 4 nm thick Ag layer in optical (88% in transmittance) and electrical ($4{\times}10^{-4}{\Omega}cm$) properties. This indicates that $V_2O_5$/Ag/ITO multilayer electrode could be a candidate for the anode of optoelectronic devices.

• 한국전기화학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.14-14
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• 1998

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.85-89
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• 2012

This study demonstrates the direct anodic electrodeposition of polypyrrole (PPy), poly(3,4-ethyl-enedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), and polythiophene (PTh) on Cu electrodes by employing a corrosion inhibitor, succinonitrile (SN). SN was found to suppress anodic Cu dissolution beyond the oxidation potential of the polymer monomers. It is also revealed that the Cu surface passivated by SN is still adequately conductive to allow the redox reaction of 1,4-difluoro-2,5-dimethoxybenzene (FMB) and the oxidation of the polymer monomers. Through both cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic techniques, PPy, PEDOT, and PTh films were successfully synthesized on Cu electrodes in the presence of SN, and the redox behaviors of the films were evaluated.

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.32-34
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• 2014

We report the performance improvement of electrochromic devices for modulating the transmittance contrast of long wavelength infrared light between 1.5 and 5.0 ${\mu}m$ based on a double layer of conducting polymers. The device, fabricated with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) as the first and second layers, respectively, showed an transmittance contrast of 60% with a response rate under 5 s, which is greater than the transmittance contrast of cells based on only P3HT or PEDOT (approximately 40%).

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.177.2-177.2
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• 2014

현재 플렉시블 전자기기에 대한 수요가 증가함에 따라 Ag nanowire는 ITO 대체용 투명전극 물질로 주목받고 있다. Ag nanowrie 투명전극은 면저항이 약 $300{\Omega}/sq$ 정도인 PEDOT 투명전극 보다 성능이 우수하지만, 표면에 나노와이어의 적층으로 100 nm 크기의 돌기들이 존재하여 균일한 표면특성이 요구되는 투명전극에 불리한 요인이 된다. Ag nanowire를 투명전극으로 사용하여 OLED를 제조할 경우, 40 nm~100 nm의 두께를 갖는 HTL층보다 투명전극 표면의 Rpv 값이 큰 경우 Leakage current가 증가하므로 이러한 돌기들을 감소시키는 것이 Ag nanowire를 투명전극에 적용할 수 있는 중요한 요건이 된다. 본 연구에서는 PET film 위에 Ag nanowire를 얇게 코팅하여 투과도 약 87%, 면저항 $20{\Omega}/sq$ 이하의 특성을 갖는 투명전극을 제조하였다. 그리고 Ag nanowire를 코팅한 투명전극의 표면 Roughness를 감소시키기 위해 Roll press를 이용하여 나노와이어를 물리적으로 압착하였고, 압착된 Ag nanowire 투명전극 위에 PEDOT를 코팅하여 전도도 및 표면 Roughness를 감소시키는 연구를 진행하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.08a
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• pp.317-317
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• 2010

ZnO나노와이어는 높은 투과도, 화학 및 열적 안정성을 가지며, 유기태양전지에 적용하였을 때 Active Layer의 표면적 증가, 전자의 수집 및 전달에 용이한 장점가지고 있어 하이브리드 유기 태양전지에 적용되고 있다. ZnO나노와이어와 P3HT/PCBM을 사용한 하이브리드 유기태양전지는 Active Layer의 열처리 온도를 변화시켜 ITO/AZO/ZnO wire/PCBM:P3HT/PEDOT:PSS/Ag구조로 제작되었다. ZnO나노와이어는 AZO를 Seed로 사용하고 Znc nitrate hydrate와 hexamethylenetetramine을 혼합하여 수열합성법으로 성장 후, P3HT:PCBM, PEDOT:PSS을 Spin Coating법으로 형성하였다. UV-vis와 Solar simulator를 통하여 Active Layer의 열처리 온도에 따른 태양전지의 특성을 분석하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society Of Semiconductor Equipment Technology
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.224-228
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• 2005

차세대 디스플레이로서 각광을 받고 있는 OLED는 현재 많은 기업과 대학 연구소에서 연구가 활발히 진행중이다. 현재 12인치 이하에서 양산이 되고 있는 저분자 OLED에 비해 고분자 OLED는 공정이 간단하고 대화면, flexible 디스플레이가 가능하다는 많은 장점을 가지고 있지만 소자의 신뢰성과 안정성에 문제를 갖고 있다. 본 논문에서는 ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MEH-PPV/Al 구조를 갖는 유기발광다이오드를 제작하여 전기 광학적 특성을 조사하였다. 제작된 소자의 구조를 최적화시키기 위하여 ITO 기판의 열처리 효과와 패턴폭에 따른 면저항을 측정하고, 발광효율을 극대화시키기 위하여 다층구조로서 정공수송층인 PEDOT:PSS를 첨가시켜 박막의 표면상태를 향상시켜 ITO기판에서 발광층인 MEH-PPV로의 정공수송을 원활하여 효율을 증대시키려 하였다. 이렇게 형성된 소자에 발광물질인 MEP-PPV의 농도를 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, $1.5wt\%$로 변화시켜 박막을 형성하고 $3{\times}10^{-6}Torr$ 상태의 고진공에서 Al 전극을 증착시켜 제작된 소자의 전기${\cdot}$광학적 특성을 측정, 비교하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.146-147
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• 2008

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) / poly(1-vinyl-3-ethylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide) (poly(ViEtIm $^+TFSI^-$) complex was prepared for organic solvent dispersible conductive nano particles. By molar ratio, PEDOT / poly(ViEtIm $^+TFSI^-$) complex was polymerized and dispersed in propylene carbonate by 1 wt%. The maximum conductivity of the complexes was $1.2\times10^{-1}$ S/cm.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.1557-1559
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• 2009

By using optimum doping ratio (10 ~ 20 wt%) of glycerol, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic photovoltaic devices based on poly (3-hexylthiophene) and phenyl-$C_{61}$-butyric acid methyl ester was dramatically increased from 3.23% to 5.03%. Finally, semitransparent organic photovoltaic devices including glycerol doped poly (3,4-ethylenedioxy-thiophene):poly (styrene sulfonate) and thin Ag (< 1 nm) buffer layer typically have shown PCE > 3% with transmittance > 30% in visible ranges.