• Molecules and Cells
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• 제45권7호
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• pp.454-464
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• 2022

DJ-1 is one of the causative genes of early-onset familial Parkinson's disease (PD). As a result, DJ-1 influences the pathogenesis of sporadic PD. DJ-1 has various physiological functions that converge to control the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Based on genetic analyses that sought to investigate novel antioxidant DJ-1 downstream genes, pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) kinase (PDK) was demonstrated to increase survival rates and decrease dopaminergic (DA) neuron loss in DJ-1 mutant flies under oxidative stress. PDK phosphorylates and inhibits the PDH complex (PDC), subsequently downregulating glucose metabolism in the mitochondria, which is a major source of intracellular ROS. A loss-of-function mutation in PDK was not found to have a significant effect on fly development and reproduction, but severely ameliorated oxidative stress resistance. Thus, PDK plays a critical role in the protection against oxidative stress. Loss of PDH phosphatase (PDP), which dephosphorylates and activates PDH, was also shown to protect DJ-1 mutants from oxidative stress, ultimately supporting our findings. Further genetic analyses suggested that DJ-1 controls PDK expression through hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), a transcriptional regulator of the adaptive response to hypoxia and oxidative stress. Furthermore, CPI-613, an inhibitor of PDH, protected DJ-1 null flies from oxidative stress, suggesting that the genetic and pharmacological inhibition of PDH may be a novel treatment strategy for PD associated with DJ-1 dysfunction.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2022년도 학술발표회
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• pp.120-120
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• 2022

우리나라 친환경 에너지 생산의 주요 축을 담당하고 있는 양수발전댐의 홍수 시 정교한 수계운영을 위한 방안으로 강우-유량-댐 수위 매트릭스(이하, PDH Matrix)를 개발하고 양수발전소상-하부댐 연계 운영에 따른 홍수 영향을 분석하였다. 연구 대상지역은 강원도 양양군 서면에 위치하고 있는 국내 최대 양수발전소인 양양양수 발전소로 총 저수용량 92만 m³의 콘크리트 중력식댐으로 유역면적은 약 125 km²이다. 양양양수 발전댐의 수계운영을 위한 PDH Matrix는 지속기간별 강수량 규모에 따른 홍수량 및 댐 최고수위 추정치를 판단할 수 있는 조견표로 강우규모 30 - 360 mm (30분 간격, 12개 강우규모) 및 지속기간 1-24시간 (1시간 간격, 24개 지속기간)인 총 288개의 강우조건별 홍수수문곡선을 개발하였다. 개발된 홍수수문곡선을 입력자료로 기존 댐 운영 방식인 AutoROM을 적용하여 저수지 홍수추적을 HEC-ResSim 모형으로 수행하고 최종적으로 개별 강우사상에 대한 강수량-유량-댐 수위 테이블을 작성하였다. 홍수기 댐 운영에 따른 최고수위는 초기 댐 수위조건에 따라 변동되므로 초기 댐 수위 조건(EL. 115 - 117 m, 1 m 간격)별 PDH Matrix를 각 각 개발하였다. 또한, 양수발전소의 특성상 상부댐으로 양수 또는 발전 방류에 따라 홍수 시 댐의 치수안전성에 미치는 영향이 크므로 상, 하부댐 운영에 따른 홍수영향 분석을 수행하였다. 구체적으로 하부댐에서 상부댐으로 양수 시 시간에 따른 하부댐 저수지의 수위변화 양상을 추정하였으며 극한적 홍수상황을 고려하기 위하여 상부 저수지가 만수인 상황에서 불가피하게 하부댐으로 방류가 필요한 상황에 대비한 홍수기 운영방안을 제안하였다. 본 연구는 하부댐-상부댐을 연계하여 운영하는 양수발전댐의 홍수기 수계 운영 방안을 수립한 첫 연구로 향후 연구에서 개발한 강우-유량-댐 수위 매트릭스(PDH Matrix) 작성 기법을 타 양수발전소 수계 운영 시 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권7호
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• pp.1008-1014
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 동충하초, 자소엽, 단삼, 전칠, 명월초 물 추출물이 당대사 관련 효소인 GCK(glucokinase), PDH(pyruvate dehydrogenase) 및 ACC(acetyl CoA carboxylase) mRNA 발현 정도에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. GCK mRNA 발현은 동충하초 물 추출물을 250 ppm로 처리했을때 181%로 가장 높게 증가되었다. PDH mRNA 발현은 100 ppm에서 명월초(215%)> 단삼(193%)> 전칠(125%)> 동충하초(111%)의 순으로 증가되었으며, 250 및 500 ppm에서는 각각 명월초(251%)와 동충하초(210%) 물 추출물에서 높게 나타났다. ACC mRNA 발현은 자소엽, 단삼, 전칠의 경우 대조구보다 낮거나 유사한 수준을 나타내었지만, 동충하초 물 추출물은 대조구와 비교하여 100 ppm에서 141%, 250 ppm에서 284%로 크게 증가되었다. 명월초 물 추출물은 187~199% 범위에서 ACC mRNA 발현을 크게 증가시켰다. 결과적으로 동충하초와 명월초 물 추출물이 다른 소재들에 비해 간의 GCK, PDH, ACC mRNA 발현을 증가시킴으로써 혈당강하 작용을 나타낼 것으로 판단하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 산수유, 목단피, 산약, 숙지황, 지골피, 야생배의 한약재 물 추출물이 당대사 관련 효소인 GCK, PDH, ACC mRNA 발현정도에 미치는 영향을 측정하였다. HepG2 세포에 대한 세포독성을 측정한 결과, GCK, PDH, ACC mRNA 발현량을 측정하기 위한 물 추출물의 농도 범위는 세포 생존율에 영향을 주지 않는 100, 250, 500 ppm로 결정하였다. GCK mRNA 발현은 100 ppm에서 숙지황 물 추출물이 165%로 가장 높게 나타났고, 250 ppm에서는 숙지황과 지골피 물 추출물이 각각 180%, 154%로 높았으며, 500 ppm에서는 산수유(195%), 목단피 (157%), 야생배 (139%), 산약 (122%), 지골피 (117%), 숙지황 (113%)의 순으로 GCK mRNA 발현이 증가되었다. PDH mRNA 발현량은 250 ppm 농도에서 지골피, 숙지황 물추출물에서 각각 141%, 118% 증가되었고, 500 ppm에서는 지골피, 숙지황 물 추출물에서 각각 191%, 124% 증가되었다. ACC mRNA 발현량은 500 ppm에서 지골피 (188%), 숙지황 (126%)로 가장 높게 나타났다. 결과적으로 GCK, PDH, ACC mRNA 발현량을 증가시킬 수 있는 소재로 산수유, 숙지황, 지골피 등을 꼽을 수 있겠으며 이들 소재들은 식후 혈당상승을 억제할 수 있는 항당뇨 천연소재로 이용될 수 있음을 제시하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.299-306
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• 1989

In order to evaluate the effect of fish oil on lipid drogenase(G6PDH), malic enzyme(ME), glucose-6-phosphatase(G6Pase) activities were measured in liver and adipose tissue of rats fed 13 days supplemented fish oil at the level of 10% (W/W). Two other groups of rats were fed 10% soybean oil or lard to compare with the effect of fish oil. In all groups, activities of hepatic G6PDH and ME were depressed from the beginning of feeding. This effect was greatest (50%) in fish oil group. Hepatic G6Pase was highest in rats fed lard. When the level of fish oil was reduced to half, as total fat content was maintained at the level of 10% by complementary lard, lipogenic enzyme depressing effect of fish oil was as significant as shown in 10% fish oil diet. Hepatic G6PDH was depressed significantly(14%) in rats fed fish oil as low as 2％. On the other hand, changes in adipose tissue G6PDH and ME activities were small. Adipose tissue G6Page activity increased slightly in rats fed with increasing fish oil(above 0.5%). It is suggested that fish oil alter, more markedly than either soybean oil or lard, cellular lipid metabolism by reducing activities of hepatic lipogenic enzymes.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.59-72
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• 1997

The influence of respiration on photosythetic electron transport were investigated in the Wid type and psaB mutants from Syneehocystis sp. PCC6803. The amount of glucose uptake in the wild type was proportional to the glucose concentration added in wild type and less than that of psaB mutants in the dark. It was suggested that psaB mutants more depend on the glucose than the wild type. It was investigated how the activities of isocitrate dehydrogenase(IDH) and glucose-6-phos-phate dehydrogenase(G6PDH) were changed. The activities of IDH were very low. While, the ac-tivities of G6PDH were much higher than that of IDH. These results agree to the reports that ex-ogenous glucose was dismilated aerobically via Oxidative Pentose Phosphate Pathway in heterotrophic cyanobacteria. PsaB mutants showed high G6PDH activity in the presence of glucose as well as in the dark and high respiratory activities especially in the dark. It was also investigated how photosynthetic electron transport activities were changed. PsaB mutants showed higher photosynthetic electron tranasport activities than wild type in the presence of glucose as well as in the dark. In the results, it was proposed that photosynthetic electron transport between PS I and PS U was complemented by respiratory electron transport through the NADPH generated by Dxidative Pentose Phophate Pathway in psaB mutant from Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. Key words: Photosynthetic electron transport, Respiration, Synechoystis sp. PCC6803, psaB mutant, Glucose uptake, IDH, G6PDH, Respiratory electron transport activity.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.284-288
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• 2005

Baker's yeast was disrupted in a 1.4-L stainless steel horizontal bead mill under a continuous recycle mode using 0.3 mm diameter zirconia beads as abrasive. A single pass in continuous mode bead mill operation liberates half of the maximally released protein. The maximum total protein release can only be achieved after passaging the cells 5 times through the disruption chamber. The degree of cell disruption was increased with the increase in feeding rate, but the total protein release was highest at the middle range of feeding rate (45 L/h). The total protein release was increased with an increase in biomass concentration from 10 to $50\%$(w/v). However, higher heat dissipation as a result of high viscosity of concentrated biomass led to the denaturation of labile protein such as glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH). As a result the highest specific activity of G6PDH was achieved at biomass concentration of $20\%$(ww/v). Generally, the degree of cell disruption and total protein released were increased with an increase in impeller tip speed, but the specific activity of G6PDH was decreased substantially at higher impeller tip speed (14 m/s). Both the degree of cell disruption and total protein release increased, as the bead loading increased from 75 to $85\% (v/v)$. Hence, in order to obtain a higher yield of labile protein such as G6PDH, the yeast cell should not be disrupted at biomass concentration and impeller tip speed higher than $20\%(w/v)$ and 10 m/s, respectively.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.682-687
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• 2020

Streptozotocin(STZ)을 45mg/kg.b.w의 용량으로 흰쥐의 미정맥에 투여 한 후 당뇨병이 유발된 당뇨 흰쥐에게 1일 1회 7일간 1,000mg/kg,b.w의 용량으로 황백에탄올 추출물을 투여 후 glucose 함량과 당대사에 관여하는 효소인 glucose-6-phosphatase(G-6-Pase), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH, glucokinase(GK)활성과 glycogen 함량을 측정한 결과 황백 에탄올 추출물 투여군이 glucose 함량과 G-6-Pase 활성의 유의적인 감소를 나타내었으며 glycogen 함량과 G-6-PDH, GK의 활성은 유의적인 증가를 나타내었다. 이와 같이 황백 에탄올 추출물이 혈당강하 효과를 가졌다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.138-143
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• 2014

잿빛곰팡이병의 전형적인 병징을 나타내는 병든 사과, 고추, 딸기, 오이, 토마토에서 곰팡이를 분리하고, 그들의 배양학적 특성과, 형태적 특성 및 PCR-RFLP을 통해 이 병원성 곰팡이를 모두 Botrytis cinerea로 동정하였다. 또한, 배양학적 특징에 따라 사과, 고추, 오이에서 분리한 잿빛곰팡이병균의 표현형은 균핵형이며, 딸기와 토마토에서 분리한 잿빛곰팡이병균은 균사형이었다. 각각의 잿빛곰팡이병균의 ITS 영역 염기서열을 포함한 4종의 유전자(RPB2, HSP60, G3PDH)의 염기서열을 결정하고 분자계통학적 유연관계를 분석하였다. RPB2 유전자 염기서열을 제외한 ITS 영역, HSP60유전자 및 G3PDH 유전자의 염기서열은 Botrytis cinerea 종 내 뿐만 아니라 Botrytis 속 종간에도 매우 높은 상동성을 나타내어 계통학적 유연관계 분석이 어려웠다. 하지만, 3종의 유전자(RPB2, HSP60, G3PDH)를 결합한 유전자 염기서열을 이용한 분자계통수 작성 결과, 본 연구에서 분리한 잿빛곰팡이병균은 Botrytis 속의 다른 종들과 구별되며, 사과, 고추, 오이, 토마토의 분리주는 아주 높은 근연관계에 있고, 딸기잿빛곰팡이병균은 다른 분리주와 달리 종내 다른 lineage를 형성하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.577-586
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• 2019

The engineered Aspergillus oryzae has a high NADPH demand for xylose utilization and overproduction of target metabolites. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH, E.C. 1.1.1.49) is one of two key enzymes in the oxidative part of the pentose phosphate pathway, and is also the main enzyme involved in NADPH regeneration. The open reading frame and cDNA of the putative A. oryzae G6PDH (AoG6PDH) were obtained, followed by heterogeneous expression in Escherichia coli and purification as a his6-tagged protein. The purified protein was characterized to be in possession of G6PDH activity with a molecular mass of 118.0 kDa. The enzyme displayed maximal activity at pH 7.5 and the optimal temperature was $50^{\circ}C$. This enzyme also had a half-life of 33.3 min at $40^{\circ}C$. Kinetics assay showed that AoG6PDH was strictly dependent on $NADP^+$ ($K_m=6.3{\mu}M$, $k_{cat}=1000.0s^{-1}$, $k_{cat}/K_m=158.7s^{-1}{\cdot}{\mu}M^{-1}$) as cofactor. The $K_m$ and $k_{cat}/K_m$ values of glucose-6-phosphate were $109.7s^{-1}{\cdot}{\mu}M^{-1}$ and $9.1s^{-1}{\cdot}{\mu}M^{-1}$ respectively. Initial velocity and product inhibition analyses indicated the catalytic reaction followed a two-substrate, steady-state, ordered BiBi mechanism, where $NADP^+$ was the first substrate bound to the enzyme and NADPH was the second product released from the catalytic complex. The established kinetic model could be applied in further regulation of the pentose phosphate pathway and NADPH regeneration of A. oryzae to improve its xylose utilization and yields of valued metabolites.