• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.81-90
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• 2014

A Fairy Pitta is a bird known to breed only in mainland China, Taiwan, Japan and Korea and is listed as Vulnerable in the IUCN Red List. We carried out a DNA analysis to contribute to conserve the genetic diversity of Fairy Pitta. 32 samples were collected at Jeju Island, the Korean Peninsula and Taiwan from 2004 to 2013 and DNA was extracted from them and several sequences were amplified-it through PCR. And then we performed the population genetic analysis. We found there was a transversion between nucleotide sequences at CO1 gene, while there was no changes at Cyt-b gene. And we confirmed the polymorphism from two genes was caused from genetic drift not from selection. Through this analysis, the group within the Peninsula was found bigger than other two groups based on the analysis of CO1 gene, and the group from Taiwan was found bigger than other two groups through the analysis of Cyt-b gene. The population genetic structure of mitochondria gene of three group was showing CO1 gene had 5 haplotypes and Cyt-b gene had 6 haplotypes. Haplotype 2 in CO1 gene was found in three group and many individuals of samples had this haplotype. Like CO1 gene, haplotype 2 in Cyt-b gene was found in three group and was included in plenty of individuals. Other haplotypes were not overlaped and broke off among the three groups. To prevent from the extinction of Fairy Pitta and to obtain the genetic diversity, we need to compare with other regional group such as Japan, China and perform additional research in the non-breeding area.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.191-198
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• 1998

The responses to antifolales of ToxopLasmc Bondii were investigated by measuring the dihydrorolate redLlctase (DHFR) activity. quantity of DHFR mRNA, and single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) pattern. Pyrimethamine (PYM) and methotrexate (MTX) were tested ds anlifolates. When T. gondii was treated wish PYM, the viability was decreased by the increasing concentration of PYM. DHFR activity tended to increase as the passage proceeded. and the quantity of mRNA expressed was also increased according to passages. The viability of 7. gonnii was decreased by the increasing concentration of MTX, but it was maintained over 40% up to $100{\;}{\mu\textrm{m}}$ MTX. DHFR activity was 77.4% in the 1st passage ($1{\;}{\mu\textrm{m}}$). 82.2% in the 4th passage ($10{\;}{\mu\textrm{m}}$), and 141.3% in the 7th passage ($100{\;}{\mu\textrm{m}}$) But no changes were detected in SSCP pattern of T gondii rxposvd to FYM and MTX. both. These results suggested that the response of T gondii to FYN was rofulalcd by transrriptional level and that, in MTX. the viability of T. gonnii was derived from increasing DHFK activity.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.435-440
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• 2008

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to identify the genetic diversities among and within varieties and landraces of Rehmannia glutinosa. Polymorphic and reproducible bands were produced by 10 primers out of total 20 primers used in the experiment. In RAPD analysis of the 11 genotypes, 64 fragments out of 73 amplified genomic DNA fragments were polymorphic which represented an average 6.4 polymorphic fragments per primer. Number of amplified fragments with random primers ranged from 2 (OPA-1) to 13 (OPA-11) and varied in size from 200 bp to 1,400 bp. Especially, OPA-10, OPA-11 and OPA-19 primers showed specific bands for varieties of Korea Jiwhang and Jiwhang il ho, which could be useful for discriminating from other varieties and landraces of R. glutinosa. Percentage polymorphism ranged from a minimum of 50% (OPA-1) to a maximum of 100% (OPA-11), with an average of 87.7%. Similarity coefficients were higher in the genotypes of Korea Jiwhang and Jiwhang il ho than in other populations. In cluster analysis, genotypes of Korea Jiwhang, Jiwhang il ho, and Japanese accession were separated from those of other varieties and landraces. Average of genetic diversity within the population $(H_S)$ was 0.110, while average of total genetic diversity $(H_T)$ was 0.229. Across all RAPD makers the $G_{ST}$ value was 0.517, indicating that about 52% of the total genetic variation could be explained by RAPDs differences while the remaining 48% might be attributable to differences among samples. Consequently, RAPD analysis was useful method to discriminate different populations such as domestic varieties and other landraces. The results of the present study will be used to understand the population and evolutionary genetics of R. gllutinosa.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.225-230
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• 2011

This research was performed for making data-base of cross-breeding between Cymbidium goeringii cultivars. Morphological characteristics were investigated and then genetic relationship was analyzed. Collected 20 Cymbidium goeringii cultivars were clustered into 2 groups. Seven cultivars were clustered into group I, and thirteen cultivars were clustered into group II. Group I doesn't have leaf pattern. Group have leaf pattern. The genetic relationship among collected 20 Cymbidium goeringii cultivars was anaylzed using RAPD with ten 10-mers random primer. Eighty-nine bands were generated by RAPD. Among the rest, three bands were monomorphic and eight-six bands were polymorphic. Overall similarity degree ranged from 0.521 to 0.862. The result of RAPD analysis was clustered into 2 groups, too. Sixteen cultivars were clustered into GroupX, and four cultivars were clustered into GroupY. Result of classification with morphological characteristics and RAPD showed different pattern, but 4 cultivars of GroupY by RAPD analysis were included in groupby morphological characteristics. Crossbreeding combination among low related coltivars in RAPD analysis may get more efficient result.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.637-644
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• 2019

This study was conducted to analyze the genetic characteristics of the Jeju dog for preservation and protection. A total of 139 dogs from 7 dog breeds, including the Jeju dog, were genotyped using 16 microsatellite markers. The results revealed 2-18 alleles per locus, with a total of 131 alleles among the 16 markers. Most alleles were identified for FH3381, which had 18 alleles, whereas FH2834 had the fewest alleles, with just 2. When the total mean value was observed, the expected heterozygosity and observed heterozygosity were higher for than for outgroup dogs, and the PIC values ranged from 0.000 to 0.862, respectively. The phylogenetic tree analysis of the Jeju dog and other dog varieties revealed that the Jeju dog is closest to the Sapsal dog (0.393). The phylogeny between the Jeju and Korean domestic dogs showed that the Jeju dog is most distant from the Dongkyung dog (0.507). Looking at the distribution individually, the Jeju dog is in the same group as the Labrador Retriever and the Sapsal dog. Meanwhile, the Poongsan, Dongkyung, and Jindo dogs and the German Shepherd were in the same group. Genetic information confirmed through the results of this study can be used as basic data to study the genetic characteristics of the Jeju dog.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.478-490
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• 2021

We aimed to generate basic breeding data for melon (Cucumis melo L.). A total of 219 melon accessions conserved at the National Agrobiodiversity Center (NAC) in Rural Development Administration (RDA) were used in this study, of which 72 (33%) were collected from India. The majority of accessions showed orange (42%) and white (36%) flesh color. In addition to phenotypic evaluations, the accessions were genotyped using a molecular marker for the carotenoid biosynthesis gene CmOr. DNA fragments of the expected size were amplified in 205 out of 219 accessions. Digestion of the PCR products with HinfI restriction endonuclease showed 100% concordance between phenotype and genotype in green-fleshed accessions, but 98%, 97%, and 80% concordance in orange-, white-, and creamy-fleshed accessions, respectively. Sequence analysis revealed single nucleotide changes in the three positions of SNP1, SNP2 and SNP1int in the CmOr gene among accessions. These newly found alleles suggest that there are multiple mechanisms in determining fruit flesh color in melon. Also, the phenotype data of diverse accessions obtained in this study will be a valuable source for melon breeding.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.167-177
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• 2009

This study was conducted to characterize the DGAT1 gene in Korean Holstein dairy cattle population and examine the relationship of DGAT1 polymorphisms with milk yield and milk fat yield for the genetic improvement of Korean Holstein dairy cattle. Results indicated that the 411 bp PCR products were successfully amplified by DGAT1 specific primers. Sequence analysis indicated that the DGTA1 Q allele had AUG (Lysine, K) nucleotide sequences in 216-218 bp and q allele had GCG (Alanine, A) sequences in the same position. Nucleotide sequence homology between the DGAT1 sequences generated in this study showed 100% homology with bovine DGAT1 sequences in the NCBI database. The genotype frequencies of DGAT1 QQ, Qq, and qq were 16.43, 36.43, and 47.14%, respectively, in Korean Holstein dairy cattle population. The observed Q and q allele frequencies were 0.35 and 0.65, respectively. Statistically significant (P<0.05) results were identified for milk yield and milk fat yield for the DGAT1 genotypes. The Qq genotype Holsteins have significantly higher milk yield and milk fat yield than those of the QQ and qq genotype Holsteins(P<0.05).

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.230-238
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• 2020

Carcass traits are the most economically important traits in Hanwoo (Korean cattle). Recently, the development of the field of genomics has made it possible to identify DNA markers for the genetic evaluation of carcass and meat quality traits in beef cattle. The objective of this study was to assess the genetic effects of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers related to carcass traits by field evaluations in a commercial Hanwoo population. We evaluated 15 SNP markers (TG g.371T>C, APM1 g.1454G>A, FABP4 g.2834C>G, FABP4 g.3533T>A, FABP4 g.3691G>A, SCD g.10153A>G, SCD g.10329T >C, CPE g.601T>C, EDG1 g.166A>G, NPY g.4271T>C, GPD1 g.2766C>T, PDE1B g.17122A>G, PDE1B g.17507A>C, TNNT1 g.6650C>T, and RORC g.20152A>G) related to carcass traits in Hanwoo. Genotyping of these SNP markers was performed using PCR-RFLP analysis in Hanwoo steers (n = 1,536) to evaluate their association with carcass traits. Seven SNPs, APM1 g.1454G>, FABP4 g.3691G>A, SCD g.10153A>G, CPE g.601T>C, PDE1B g.17122A>G, TNNT1 g.6650C>T, and RORC g.20152A>G, were significantly associated with carcass traits such as marbling score (MS), backfat thickness (BF), musculus longissimus dorsi area (LDA), carcass weight (CW), meat grade (MG), meat color (MC), and maturity score (MA). The results suggest that these SNPs may be used as DNA markers for the selection of Hanwoo with higher meat quality.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.103-112
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• 2010

Pemetrexed has demonstrated clinical activity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as well as other solid tumors. It transports into the cells via reduced folate carrier (RFC) and is polyglutamated by folypolyglutamate synthetase (FPGS). Pemetrexed directly inhibits several folate-dependent enzymes such as thymidylate synthase (TS), dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT). We investigated the effects of genetic variations and the expression of RFC, FPGS, TS and DHFR enzymes on drug sensitivity to pemetrexed in NSCLC cells. Polymorphisms in RFC, FPGS, and DHFR were genotyped in four NSCLC cells - A549, PC14, HCC-1588, and H226. Real-time RT-PCR and Western blot was performed to evaluate mRNA transcripts and protein of these genes. The cytotoxicity of pemetrexed was measured by SRB assay. In PC14 and H226 cells, increased mRNA expressions of RFC and FPGS were associated with higher cytotoxicity to pemetrexed. 2R/2R genotype of TS and its increased mRNA expression were associated with drug resistance to pemetrexed in A549 cells, whereas 3R/3R genotype in TS with decreased mRNA expression was associated with higher sensitivity in H226 cells. After pemetrexed treatment, an inverse change of DHFR mRNA and protein expression was found. The strongest linkage disequilibrium (LD) was discovered between-1726C>T and -1188A>C SNP of DHFR gene. Our findings suggest the cytotoxic effect of pemetrexed may be associated with genetic polymorphisms and the expression level of genes involved in pemetrexed metabolisms in NSCLC cells.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.273-279
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• 2016

Recently, it was reported that certain polymorphisms in the growth hormone secretagogue receptor gene (GHSR) are associated with the growth of chickens. However, the correlation between GHSR polymorphisms and economic traits has not been investigated in Korean native chickens (KNCs). Therefore, the objective of this study was to confirm the suitability of the GHSR gene as a candidate for genomic selection and identify a genetic marker for KNCs. A total of 220 KNCs from six breeds raised at the National Institute of Animal Science were genotyped for the c.739+726 SNP in the GHSR gene using polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and the sequence for a subset of 30 birds was analyzed using direct sequencing. The association between the SNP genotypes and the economic traits of the KNCs was analyzed using the statistical package for the social science (SPSS) software program. The association analysis between the c.739+726T>C SNP and economic traits revealed that the SNP was significantly associated with body weight at 150 and 270 days (BW150 and BW270, respectively) in all KNCs (p<0.01), BW150 in KNC (Gary) (p<0.05), and egg production number in KNC (White, p<0.05). In addition, the SNPs discovered using direct sequencing (513A>G, 517A>T) had a significant effect on the body weight and egg production traits (p<0.05). In conclusion, these results might be useful as a basis for studies on the improvement of KNC breeds. Furthermore, these results suggest that the SNPs (c.739+726T>C, 513A>G, and 517A>T) located in the GHSR gene could be useful molecular genetic markers for KNCs.