• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.212-215
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• 2002

Tyrosinase transcript In the blood Is known as the marker of malignant melanoma and it has been often determined by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCA) . However, after the PCR process, the quantification of amplified CDMA by the gel electrophoresis is not reliable and time-consuming. for this reason, we tried to quantify the PCR product using a cuvette-type biosensor, where the oligonucleotide probe was immobilized on the cuvette surface and the single strand CDMA, the denatured PCH product, was then hybridized onto the immobilized probe to give a response signal. The response was Immediate and takes 15 min to obtain a stable signal. The biosensor was much more sensitive comparing to the gel electrophoresis method. The quantification of PCR product using a cuvette-type biosensor was feasible and rapid.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.1475-1481
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• 2009

Anthrax is a zoonotic disease caused by Bacillus anthracis, and well recognized as a potential agent for bioterrorism. B. anthracis can be identified by detecting the virulence factors genes located on two plasmids, pXO1 and pXO2. The aim of the present study was to determine the presence of virulence genes in 27 isolates of B. anthracis isolated from clinical and environmental samples. For this purpose, multiplex PCR and DNA probes were designed to detect protective antigen (pag), edema factor (cya), lethal factor (lef), and capsule (cap) genes. Our results indicated that all the isolates contained all the above virulence genes, suggesting that the isolates were virulent. To the best our knowledge, this is the first study about the determination of virulence marker genes in clinical and environmental isolates of B. anthracis using multiplex PCR and DNA probes in India. We suggest that the above methods can be useful in specific identification of virulent B. anthracis in clinical and environmental samples.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.357-361
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• 2008

One of the major allergenic proteins in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum elculentum) was found to be a BW10KD. In this work, allergenic BW10KD genomic DNAs from the native common buckwheat 'Pyeongchang' and Tartarian buckwheat 'Clfa47' were cloned by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and their nucleotide sequences were determined. In addition, a novel PCR assay targeting the allergenic BW10KD gene was developed to detect and differentiate both buckwheat species in food. The nucleotide sequences of the BW10KD genomic DNA from 'Pyeongchang' and 'Clfa47' were 94% identical. Base differences in the nucleotide sequences of the BW10KD genes are probably useful as a molecular marker for species-specific identification. The 'Pyeongchang'-specific primer set 154PF/400PR and the 'Clfa47'-specific primer set 154DF/253DR generated 247 and 100 bp fragments in singleplex PCR, respectively. A duplex PCR assay with 2 species-specific primer sets simultaneously differentiated the 'Pyeongchang' and 'Clfa47' in a single reaction. The PCR assay also successfully allowed for the rapid detection of buckwheat ingredients in foods.

• BMB Reports
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.444-447
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• 2007

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a powerful technique in molecular biology and is widely used in various fields. By amplifying DNA fragments, PCR has facilitated gene cloning procedures, as well as molecular genotyping. However, the extraction of DNA from samples often acts as a limiting step of these reactions. In particular, the extraction of PCR-compatible genomic DNA from higher plants requires complicated processes and tedious work because plant cells have rigid cell walls and contain various endogenous PCR inhibitors, including polyphenolic compounds. We recently developed a novel solution, referred to as AnyDirect, which can amplify target DNA fragments directly from whole blood without the need for DNA extraction. Here, we developed a simple lysis system that could produce an appropriate template for direct PCR with AnyDirect PCR buffer, making possible the direct amplification of DNA fragments from plant leaves. Thus, our experimental procedure provides a simple, convenient, non-hazardous, inexpensive, and rapid process for the amplification of DNA from plant tissue.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.208-217
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• 2022

멸종위기어류 퉁사리 Liobagrus obesus를 대상으로 종 특이 프라이머 한 쌍과 프로브를 제작하여 하천수 시료에서 추출된 환경 DNA로부터 퉁사리를 검출할 수 있는 실시간 PCR 분석방법을 개발하고자 하였다. 퉁사리 종 특이 프라이머와 프로브는 미토콘드리아 DNA의 cytochrome b (cytb) 유전자 영역 내에서 국내에 서식하는 65종의 담수어류 간에 단일염기다형성 부위를 고려하여 비교한 후 제작하였다. 실시간 PCR 분석에서 제작한 프라이머 및 프로브는 국내에 서식하는 65종의 담수어류 gDNA를 이용한 특이성 검증 결과, 퉁사리 gDNA에서만 양성으로 나타나 높은 특이성을 보였다. 퉁사리 gDNA의 연속 희석 농도를 이용한 검출한계 분석에서는 0.2 pg까지 검출이 가능한 것으로 나타나 높은 감도를 보였다. 이후, 제작한 프라이머 및 프로브를 사용하여 금강 중·상류 유역의 8개 지점에서 확보한 하천수 시료를 대상으로 실시간 PCR 분석을 수행한 결과, 5개 지점에서 퉁사리의 cytb 유전자가 검출되었으며, 해당 검출 지점들은 현장 조사 당시에 퉁사리가 채집된 3개 지점을 모두 포함하였다. 따라서, 본 연구에서 개발한 퉁사리의 종 특이 프라이머와 프로브를 이용한 실시간 PCR 분석 방법은 하천수 채수로 확보한 환경 DNA로부터 퉁사리의 cytb 유전자를 검출할 수 있어 기존 서식지 모니터링과 더불어 잠재적인 신규 서식지 발굴에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.722-729
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• 2015

딸기 흰가루병은 Podosphaera aphanis에 의해 발병되며 수확기에 가장 큰 피해를 주는 병으로 현재 유황, 농약으로 주로 방제 되고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 딸기 흰가루병 저항성 품종 육성을 위한 흰가루병 저항성 특이마커 개발로 내병성 육종효율을 높이고자 하였다. 흰가루병 저항성 계통 선발을 위한 분자마커를 개발하기 위해 아키히메${\times}$설향 집단을 대상으로 자가수분을 통해 후대 양성 후 병저항성을 검정하였다. 마커분석은 RAPD primer 200 세트 중 OPE10 331bp에서부터 흰가루병 저항성 특이 마커 선발하였다. 흰가루병 저항성 특이밴드만 선발하기 위하여 클로닝 후 유전자정보 분석하여 SP1F/R의 Primer를 제작하였다. 그러나 SP1F/R을 이용하여 PCR한 결과 저항성, 감수성간에 다형성이 확인되지 않아 염기서열을 정렬한 후 SNP, In/del의 다형성 유무를 확인한 결과 6개의 SNP를 확인하였다. 이들 PCR 산물을 해당 사이트와 연관된 제한효소로 절단한 결과 그 중 Eae I(Y/GGCCR)의 절단으로 231bp 위치에서 저항성과 감수성간의 다형성을 확인함으로써 흰가루병 저항성 계통선발을 위한 분자마커를 선발하였다. 이러한 과정을 통해 딸기 흰가루병 저항성 품종 육성을 위한 MAS(marker assisted selection) 체계 확립으로 내병성 육종효율 증진에 기여를 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.467-477
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• 2018

탄저병균인 Colletotrichum circinans는 세계적으로 양파에 심각한 피해를 주는 병원균이다. 본 연구에서는 일반 PCR방법과 real-time PCR방법으로 C. circinan를 정확하면서도 쉽고 빠르게 검출이 가능한 특이 마커를 개발하였다. $tef-1{\alpha}$ 유전자와 ${\beta}-tubulin$ 유전자를 분석하여 C. circinan를 특이적으로 검출할 수 있는 cirTef-F/cirTef-R set와 cirTu-F/cirTu-R set를 제작하였다. 일반 PCR 방법으로 cirTef-F/cirTef-Rset는 100pg, cirTu-F/cirTu-Rset는 1ng까지 검출이 가능하였고 real-time PCR 방법으로는 각각 10 pg, 100 pg까지 검출이 가능하였다. C. circinans에 인공적으로 감염된 양파 종자에서도 cirTef-F/cirTef-Rset를 사용하여 일반 PCR방법과 real-time PCR 방법 모두 C. circinans검출이 가능하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 C. circinans 특이 검출마커는 수출입 되는 채소 및 종자에서 빠르고 정확하게 탄저병균인 C. circinans를 검출하는데 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.162-169
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• 2011

The rhizomes and herbal medicines originating from Acorus gramineus, A. calamus, A. tatarinowii, and A. gramineus var. pusilus, show significant similarity, and the correct identification of species is very difficult. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Sequence Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR) were used to develop a reliable method for identification of these four species. Several distinct SCAR markers were developed from species-specific RAPD amplicons for each species. Furthermore, a useful molecular marker was established for multiplex-PCR, in order to the four species could be distinguished concurrently. These markers allow efficient and rapid identification of closely-related Acorus species and will be useful for standardization of herbal medicines.

• BMB Reports
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.172-179
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• 2007

PCR-mediated recombination describes the process of in vitro chimera formation from related template sequences present in a single PCR amplification. The high levels of genetic redundancy in eukaryotic genomes should make recombination artifacts occur readily. However, few evolutionary biologists adequately consider this phenomenon when studying gene lineages. The cytosolic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (GapC), which encodes a NADP-dependent nonphosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in the cytosol, is a classical lowcopy nuclear gene marker and is commonly used in molecular evolutionary studies. Here, we report on the occurrence of PCR-mediated recombination in the GapC gene family of Hibiscus tiliaceus. The study suggests that recombinant areas appear to be correlated with DNA template secondary structures. Our observations highlight that recombination artifacts should be considered when studying specific and allelic phylogenies. The authors suggest that nested PCR be used to suppress PCRmediated recombination.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

Taenia solium, T. saginata, and T. asiatica are taeniid tapeworms that cause taeniasis in humans and cysticercosis in intermediate host animals. Taeniases remain an important public health concerns in the world. Molecular diagnostic methods using PCR assays have been developed for rapid and accurate detection of human infecting taeniid tapeworms, including the use of sequence-specific DNA probes, PCR-RFLP, and multiplex PCR. More recently, DNA diagnosis using PCR based on histopathological specimens such as 10% formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded and stained sections mounted on slides has been applied to cestode infections. The mitochondrial gene sequence is believed to be a very useful molecular marker for not only studying evolutionary relationships among distantly related taxa, but also for investigating the phylo-biogeography of closely related species. The complete sequence of the human Taenia tapeworms mitochondrial genomes were determined, and its organization and structure were compared to other human-tropic Taenia tapeworms for which complete mitochondrial sequence data were available. The multiplex PCR assay with the Ta4978F, Ts5058F, Tso7421F, and Rev7915 primers will be useful for differential diagnosis, molecular characterization, and epidemiological surveys of human Taenia tapeworms.