• 생약학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.275-280
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• 2013

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Origanum vulgare extracts on cell proliferation of human hair dermal papilla cell (HHDPC) using sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, antioxidant activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) method, expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) by analyzing reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and hair growth in a shaving animal model of C57BL/6 mice topically applying with an amount of 0.1 mL once a day for 3 weeks. The mice were divided into 4 groups including normal group (saline, N), negative control group (dimethyl sulfoxide, NC), positive control group (5 mg/mL minoxidil, PC), and experimental group (Origanum vulgare extracts, OV). Treatment of OV didn't show cytotoxicity in HHDPC up to 10 ${\mu}g/mL$ and exhibited antioxidant activity with $IC_{50}$ of 31.0 ${\mu}g/mL$. IGF-1 expression in the skin was significantly (p<0.05) increased in the PC and OV compared to the N or NC. PC and OV also showed a prominently promoted hair regrowth compared to the N or NC in hair growth observation. The hair regrowth of OV was significantly higher than that of PC (p<0.05). Therefore, these results indicate that O. vulgare extracts effectively stimulated hair growth in an animal model.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.338-341
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• 1986

Hydrocarbon solution of $Ir(PPh_3)_2(CO)OClO_3$ reacts with $Ph_2PC_6H_4$-o-CHO and 3-methyl-2-aminopyridinyl aldimine to yield ${\bar{Ir(Ph_2PC_6H_4-o-CO)}}\;(PPh_3)_2(CO)(H)ClO_4$(1) and ${\bar{Ir(NC_6H_6NC}}C_6H_5)(PPh_3)_2(CO)(H)ClO_4$(2), respectively. The compound $Ir(PPh_3)_2N_2Cl$ also reacts with $Ph_2PC_6H_4$-o-CHO and 3-methyl-2-aminopyridinyl aldimine to give ${\bar{Ir(Ph_2PC_6H_4-o-C}}O)(PPh_3)_2(H)Cl(3)$ and $Ir(NC_6H_5NCC_6H_5(PPh_3)_2(H)Cl(4)$, respectively. Compounds 1, 2, 3, and 4 were characterized by infrared, $^1H$ NMR, $^{31}p$ NMR, UV spectra, and conductivity measurements.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1993년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.423-427
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• 1993

An efficient 3-axis NC milling simulator is presented. The geometric simulation of milling is based on z-map structure and voxels. For the graphic simulation,dimetric projection is adopted. As a result, two faces of a voxel are exposed and they are overlapped. Visible faces are determined by using z-butter method. The simulation system is developed in IBM-PC compatible with satisfactory result.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.1120-1127
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• 2011

A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis LS 1-2 grown on citrus-juice waste and corn-soybean substrate on growth performance, nutrient retention, caecal microbial population and intestinal morphology in broilers. Three hundred twenty d-old Ross chicks were randomly allotted to 4 treatments on the basis of BW in a randomized complete block design. Each treatment had 4 replicates of 20 chicks in each. Experimental diets were fed in 2 phases, starter (d 0 to 21) and finisher (d 21 to 35). Dietary treatments were; negative control (NC: basal diet without any antimicrobial), positive control (PC: basal diet added with 20 mg/kg Avilamycin), basal diet added with 0.30% Bacillus subtilis LS 1-2 grown on corn-soybean substrate (P1), and basal diet added with 0.30% Bacillus subtilis LS 1-2 grown on citrus-juice waste substrate (P2). Overall BW gain, feed intake and FCR were better (p<0.05) in PC, P1 and P2 treatments as compared to NC. Moreover, overall BW gain and FCR in PC and P2 treatments were greater than P1. Retention of CP, GE (d 21, d 35) and DM (d 35) were increased (p<0.05) in treatments PC, P1 and P2 compared with NC. At d 35, caecal Clostridium and Coliform counts were lower (p<0.05) in treatments PC, P1 and P2 than NC. Moreover, Clostridium and Coliform counts in treatment PC was lower (p<0.05) than P1. Villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio in both duodenum and ileum were increased (p<0.05) in treatments PC, P1, P2 as compared to NC. However, retention of nutrients, caecal microbial population and intestinal morphology remained comparable among treatments P1 and P2. It is concluded that Bacillus subtilis LS 1-2 inclusion at 0.30% level had beneficial effects on broilers' growth performance, nutrient retention, caecal microflora and intestinal morphology. Additionally, citrus-juice waste can be used as substrate for growth of probiotic Bacillus subtilis LS 1-2.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제65권1호
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• pp.113-131
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• 2023

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of supplementing clay minerals and organic chromium in feed on broiler chicken under heat stress (HS). A total of 90 one-day-old broiler chicken (Arbor Acres) with an initial body weight of 45.0 ± 0.2 g were assigned to five treatment groups (six replications, three birds each cage): 1) NC group, basal diet under room temperature environment; 2) PC group, basal diet under high temperature (HT) environment; 3) ILT group, basal diet + 1% illite + HT; 4) ZLT group, basal diet + 1% zeolite + HT; 5) OC group, basal diet + 400 ppb/kg organic chromium + HT. The ILT and ZLT groups had significantly higher body weight than the PC group in 4 weeks. Apparent total tract digestibility of gross energy was increased in the ILT, ZLT, and OC groups compared to the PC group. The NC group had lower foot-pad dermatitis score than other groups. Escherichia coli population in the cecum and feces was decreased in the ZLT group than in the PC group. Lactobacillus in cecum and feces was significantly increased in the ZLT group than in the PC group. Regarding blood profiles, blood cortisol was decreased in the NC and ILT groups compared to the PC group. Water holding capacity and pH were increased in the ZLT group than the PC group. In conclusion, according to the results of growth performance, nutrients digestibility, bacteria counts, and meat characteristics, supplementation of the ZLT in broiler diet can alleviate HS.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• 제4권5호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2003

G-code, another name of ISO6983, has been a popular commanding language for operating machine tools. This G-code, however, limits the usage of today's fast evolving high-performance hardware. For intelligent machines, the communications between machine and CAD/CAM departments become important, but the loss of information during generating G-code makes the production department isolated. The new standard for operating machine tools, named STEP-NC is just about to be standardized as ISO14649. As this new standard stores CAD/CAM information as well as operation commands of CNC machines, and this characteristic makes this machine able to exchange information with other departments. In this research, the new CNC machine operated by STEP-NC was built and tested. Unlike other prototypes of STEP-NC milling machines, this system uses the STEP-NC file in XML file form as data input. This machine loads information from XML file and deals with XML file structure. It is possible for this machine to exchange information to other databases using XML. The STEP-NC milling machines in this research loads information from the XML file, makes tool paths for two5D features with information of STEP-NC, and machines automatically without making G-code. All software is programmed with Visual $C^{++}$, and the milling machine is built with table milling machine, step motors, and motion control board for PC that can be directly controlled by Visual $C^{++}$ commands. All software and hardware modules are independent from each other; it allows convenient substitution and expansion of the milling machine. Example 1 in ISO14649-11 having the full geometry and machining information and example 2 having only the geometry and tool information were used to test the automatic machining capability of this system.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.1252-1262
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• 2023

Objective: Microencapsulation technologies have been developed and successfully applied to protect the probiotic bacterial cells damaged by environmental exposure. This study aimed to investigate the effects of microencapsulation of Lactobacillus plantarum MB001 on the growth performance, ileal nutrient digestibility, jejunal histomorphology and cecal microbiome of broiler chickens in a tropical climate. Methods: A total of 288 one-day-old female broilers (Ross 308) were randomly allocated into 4 groups (6 replicates of 12 birds). Treatments included, i) a basal diet (NC), ii) NC + avilamycin (10 mg/kg) (PC), iii) NC + non-encapsulated L. plantarum MB001 (1×10⁸ colony-forming unit [CFU]/kg of diet) (N-LP), iv) NC + microencapsulated L. plantarum MB001 (1×10⁸ CFU/kg of diet) (ME-LP). Results: Dietary supplementation of ME-LP improved average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio of broilers throughout the 42-d trial period (p<0.05), whereas ME-LP did not affect average daily feed intake compared with NC group. Both N-LP and ME-LP improved apparent ileal digestibility of crude protein and ether extract compared with NC group (p<0.05). The broilers fed ME-LP supplemented diet exhibited a beneficial effect on jejunal histomorphology of villus height (VH), crypt depth (CD) and villus height to crypt depth ratio (VH:CD) of broilers compared to NC group (p<0.05). At the phylum level, Firmicutes was enriched (p<0.05) and Proteobacteria was decreased (p<0.05) only in the ME-LP group. At the genus level, the ME-LP diets increased (p<0.05) the number of both Lactobacillus and Enterococcus compared to NC, PC, and N-LP groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Microencapsulation assists the efficient functioning of probiotics. ME-LP could be potentially used as a feed additive for improvement of cecal microbiota, gut integrity and nutrient utilization, leading to better performance of broilers.

• 제어로봇시스템학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.22-28
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• 1997

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1479-1487
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• 2015

A total of 420 day-old male Ross chicks were weighed at d 1 of life and assigned to test diets to assess the efficacy of a new Buttiauxella spp. phytase expressed in Trichoderma reesei. Diets were: positive control (PC) adequate in nutrients and negative control (NC) diet (40% and 17% less available phosphorous (P) and calcium (Ca), respectively) supplemented with 6 levels of phytase 0, 250, 500, 750, 1,000, and 2,000 phytase units (FTU)/kg of diet. All diets had titanium dioxide as digestibility marker and each diet was allocated to ten cages (6 birds/cage). Diets were fed for 3 wk to measure growth performance, apparent retention (AR) on d 17 to 21 and bone ash and ileal digestibility (AID) on d 22. Growth performance and nutrient utilization was lower (p<0.05) for NC vs PC birds. Phytase response in NC birds was linear (p<0.05) with 2,000 FTU showing the greatest improvement on body weight gain (20%), feed conversion (7.4%), tibia ash (18%), AR of Ca (38%), AR of P (51%) and apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen (5.1%) relative to NC. Furthermore, phytase at ${\geq}750FTU$ resulted in AID of total AA commensurate to that of PC fed birds and at ${\geq}1,000FTU$ improved (p<0.05) AR of P, dry matter, and N beyond that of the lower doses of phytase and PC diet. In conclusion, the result from this study showed that in addition to increased P and Ca utilization, the new Buttiauxella phytase enhanced growth performance and utilization of other nutrients in broiler chickens in a dose-dependent manner.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1991년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국내학술편); KOEX, Seoul; 22-24 Oct. 1991
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• pp.809-814
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• 1991

기존의 CNC Controller를 재구성하면 제어성과 절삭성의 재고에 큰 효과를 낼 수 있다. 현실적으로 시스템의 재구성은, 가) 시스템의 재구성으로 2축 CNC 기계를 다축으로 전환시킬 수 있고, 나) 모터의 직접제어에 의한 G-code 작성과정의 생략이 가능하며, 다) NC 동작의 제어가 소프트웨어로 (C 언어) 이루어 지기 때문에 사용자환경에 맞도록 고객화가 가능한 강점이 있다. 나아가서는 형상의 정의에서 NC 기계동작의 제어 및 온라인 모니터링에 이르는 전과정을 소프트웨어로 일식화 시킬 수 있는 통합 NC 시스템의 구현이 가능하다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 목적으로 연구되고 있는 INCS(Integrated NC System)의 개발현황을 소개한다. INCS는 PC-286, NC Controller, Drive Amplifier, Sensing Device의 하드웨어 시스템과 CAD, CAM 및 CNC 기능을 수행하는 소프트웨어 시스템으로 구성되어 있다. 그래픽 시뮬레이션 및 실제 절삭을 통하여 개발된 방식의 유효성과 효율성을 설명한다.