• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.36-50
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was determine the relationship between social support and the infertility stress of infertile women. The subjects for this were 64 infertile women living in S city, Kyung Book Province. The data was collected during $4^{th}$ July and $14^{th}$ August, 1988 using the social support scale developed by Park(1985) and the infertility stress scale developed by Kim et. al.(1995) The data analysis was done by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression using SPSS PC program. The results were as follows. 1. The mean of social support of the infertile women was 3.80. 2. The negative correlation was revealed between social support and the infertility stress(r=-.56, p=.001). 3. Research has revealed that the support need of social support was a predictor of the infertility stress of the infertile women, explaining 30.9% of total variance. 4. the general characteristic variable significantly related to the level of the infertility stress of the infertile women was marriage satisfaction(t=-3.28, p=.004). The results of this study suggest that social support is related to the infertility stress of the infertile women. Therefore, The nurse is recommended to apply supportive intervention in caring for infertile women.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.99-109
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of providing information on Stress and maternal role confidence of pregnant women with preterm labor. Methods: The sample were 66 pregnant women with preterm labor admitted at 1 hospital in Busan. In the subjects, 33 were the experimental group and 33 were the control. Data was collected from March 1st to October 31st, 2007. A hand-out including the knowledge of preterm labor, fetus state and curing process. The tool for the stress had 14 questionnaires including the levels of anxiety and depress. And the tool for the maternal role confidence had 23 questionnaires. The data analyzed by $X^2$-test, t-test and pearson correlation coefficient with SPSS 12.0/pc program. Results: After providing information, the stress of the experimental group decreased significantly than the control(t=1.95, p=.048). And the maternal role confidence of the experimental group increased significantly than the control(t=-2.40, p=.016). There is a significant correlation between the stress and maternal role confidence(p<.01). Conclusion: The special program or educational nursing intervention should be created for each pregnant women with preterm labor and ante-natal nursing service may assessed and consulted on anxiety-depression and maternal role confidence.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.179-193
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• 1997

We use B band CCD images to investigate the surface brightness distributions and dynamical properties of 29 Galactic globular clusters. Model fits suggest that 22 clusters show King type surface brightness profiles, while 7 clusters are characterized by power law cusp profiles. For the King type clusters, concentration parameters $(c=log(r_{t}/r_{c}))$ range from 1.20 to 2.10, and core radii are 0.4 to 1.9 pc. The mean value of power law slopes of 7 cuspy clusters was estimated as ${alpha}=1.011{\pm}0.065$. Total masses of King type globular clusters are in the range of $1.7{ imes}10^4M_{odot}$ to $1.0{\times}106M_{\odot}$ with a mean of $1.7{\times}10^5M_{\odot}$. A significant positive correlation between mass and mass-to-light ratio of King type globular clusters has been confirmed with a Pearson's correlation coefficient r = 0.52 and a confidence level of 99%. Our data also confirm a linear relation between total mass and absolute magnitude of King type globular clusters.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.210-219
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• 2003

Objectives : This study is to suggest a kind of guide line of dietary therapy in allergic diseases. Methods : We investigated frequency, symptoms and implicating foods of food allergy, and experience, methods, periods, results and necessity of dietary therapy of 49 patients with allergic diseases by using self-report questionnaires. The data were analyzed by SPSS／PC+ program using frequency, Chi-square test(p〈0.05) and Pearson correlation coefficient(p〈0.01). Results : 1. The frequency of food allergy was 49% and skin symptoms were the most common. 2. The most implicating foods were chicken, flour, milk, pork and egg in order. 3. 36.7% of patients had experienced dietary therapy and 47.4% of them had stated mild improvement. 4. Over 80% of patients perceived necessity of dietary therapy and there is significant correlation between necessity of dietary therapy and sum of food allergens(r=368). Conclusions : Dietary therapy is recommended as supplementary therapy in allergic diseases and it needs to be established based on the real conditions and Korean Oriental medical theory.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.117-126
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships of optimistic bias about gastric cancer, self-efficacy of healthy dietary behavior and unhealthy dietary habit in Korean adult men. The subjects were 394 men aged from 20 to 64 who lived in Seoul, Kyonggi Do, Kwang-Ju, Jeonnam Do. Data was collected by questionnaire surveys using convenient sampling. The instruments used for this study were extracted and modified from Lee's(2003). The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS/PC 10.0 version. Unhealthy dietary habit in adult men indicated a significantly negative correlation to optimistic bias about gastric cancer(r=-.159, p=.002) and self-efficacy of healthy dietary behavior(r=-.470, P=.000). The most significant predictors influencing unhealthy dietary habit in adult men were age and self-efficacy of healthy dietary behavior. The variance explained was about 24%. These results suggested that men of young age and lack of self-efficacy of healthy dietary behavior are likely to have unhealthy dietary behavior. Therefore, considering age and facilitating self-efficacy are needed in nursing education and intervention for dietary habit change.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.171-184
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self concept and depression of middle-aged women. The Subjects were 102 middle-aged women whose age range were 40-59 years old living in urban area. The instruments used in this study were self concept scale developed by Rosenberg and the depression scale developed by Zung. Data were collected done from July 1 to July 31, 2001 by a structured questionnaire. The Data were analyzed by the SPSS/PC+ program using t-test, ANOV A and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The results of the study were as followed : 1. Mean score of self concept was 2.35. 2. Mean score of depression scale was 2.43 3. The relationship between self concept and depression was statistically negative correlation(r=-0.3769, P〈0.001). 4. There were statistically significant differences in the score of middle-aged women's self concept to the age(F=3.41, P〈0.05), education(F=2.97, P〈0.05), Occupation(t=1.84, P〈0.05). 5. General characteristics variables were significantly related to the level of depression were the age(F=3.12, P〈0.05), numbers of children(t=3.59,P〈0.05). Obstetrical characteristics variables were significantly related to the level of depression were age of menarche(F=4.03, P〈0.05), times of abortion(t=10.09, P〈0.001). In conclusion, this study revealed that self esteem was an important factor related to depression. I suggest that to decrease depression, it should be encouraged self esteem.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.324-333
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• 2009

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the health promoting lifestyle(HPL) practices and to provide the baseline data for development of church setting-centered health promotion program. Methods: For the study, 315 adults were selected from a church in G city by convenient sampling method. The data were analyzed using frequencies, ANOVA, t-test, Duncan test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient with the SPSS/PC program. Results: The mean score on HPL was 3.3. The item of the lowest score HPL was smoking. In the mean score of knowledge, behavior, and practice on HPL, the highest score of knowledge on HPL was drinking, but the highest score of practice was smoking. On the other hand, the highest score of behavior was: exercise, nutrition, stress respectably. Analysis of HPL according to the demographic characteristics showed there was a statistically significant difference by age. Subcategories of HPL showed positive correlations statistically significant: Exercise with nutrition, stress and drinking. Nutrition with stress and drinking. Drinking with stress and smoking. Conclusions: Based on the above findings, it is suggested to develop church setting-centered health promotion program with areas focused on management of stress, antismoking, sobriety, practice in nutrition and exercises.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.1243-1248
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• 2008

As development in technology of bioinformatics recently mates it possible to operate micro-level experiments, we can observe the expression pattern of total genome through on chip and analyze the interactions of thousands of genes at the same time. In this thesis, we used CDNA microarrays of 3840 genes obtained from neuronal differentiation experiment of cortical stem cells on white mouse with cancer. It analyzed and compared performance of each of the experiment result using existing DT, NB, SVM and multi-perceptron neural network classifier combined the similar scale combination method after constructing class classification model by extracting significant gene list with a similar scale combination method proposed in this paper through normalization. Result classifying in Multi-Perceptron neural network classifier for selected 200 genes using combination of PC(Pearson correlation coefficient) and ED(Euclidean distance coefficient) represented the accuracy of 98.84%, which show that it improve classification performance than case to experiment using other classifier.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.2259-2264
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• 2008

Significant genes are defined as genes in which the expression level characterizes a specific experimental condition. Such genes in which the expression levels differ significantly between different groups are highly informative relevant to the studied phenomenon. In this paper, first the system can detect informative genes by similarity scale combination method being proposed in this paper after normalizing data with methods that are the most widely used among several normalization methods proposed the while. And it compare and analyze a performance of each of normalization methods with multi-perceptron neural network layer. The Result classifying in Multi-Perceptron neural network classifier for selected 200 genes using combination of PC(Pearson correlation coefficient) and ED(Euclidean distance coefficient) after Lowess normalization represented the improved classification performance of 98.84%.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.195-205
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was to identify the relationship between perceived stress, anger expression, and level of depression in cancer patients. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study design was used. Data was collected by uestionnaires from 185 in- and out-patients who were diagnosed with cancer at 3 university hospitals and the National Cancer Center using Spielberger et al.’s Anger Expression Scale, Cohen, Kamarch & Mermelstein's Perceived Stress, and Derogatise's SCL-90. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression with SAS/PC. Result: The perceived stress in cancer patients indicated a significant positive correlation to anger-in(r=.288, p=.000), anger-out(r=.232, p=.001), and depression(r=.68, p=.000), but no significant correlation to anger-control. The anger-in of cancer patients showed a significant positive relationship to anger-out(r=.53, p=.000), and depression(r=.383, p=.000), but no significant correlation to anger-control. Anger-out showed a significantly negative correlation to anger-control (r=-.248, p=.001) and a positive correlation to depression (r=.240, p=.001). The most significant predictor which influenced depression in cancer patients was perceived stress, followed by anger-in and hobby, and these factors explained their depression with a variance of 54%. Conclusion: These results suggested that cancer patients with a high degree of perceived stress are likely to be high in anger-out and anger-in. Perceived stress and anger-in are major factors which affect depression in cancer patients.