• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.273-281
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• 2009

The gap(P-E)-model is based on the disconfirmation paradigm that tries to under stand the effect of the gap between before purchase expectations and after purchase perceptions of the product performance on dependent variables such as customer satis-faction. But Bhote proposed multiply($I{\times}P$)-model instead of gap(P-E)-model in 1998. This paper is focused on Bhote's multiply($I{\times}P$)-model in food service industry. The purpose of this research is to test whether DINESERV's 5-dimensions by multiply($I{\times}P$) model fits in explaining satisfaction, revisit intention and customer loyalty. The F-value of regression model was used to test the fitness of regression model of the multiply($I{\times}P$)-model. Through analysis, it was found that the multiply($I{\times}P$)-model fits.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.655-664
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to observe the degree of surface obliteration of dentinal tubule using Gluma(R) desensitizer and MS coat(R) with 15 specimens made out of 15 extracted lower incisors. They were divided into Root planning group(control), Gluma(R) desensitizer group(test I ) and MS coat(R) group(test II). Degree of Obliteration was examined under the scanning electron microscope(${\times}$2000). The following results were obtained: 1. In the root planning group(control), the complete open of dentinal tubule surface was accounted for 73.8%, the partial obliteration for 17.2% and the complete obliteration for 9.0%. 2. In the Gluma(R) desensitizer group (test I), the complete open of dentinal tubule surface was accounted for 23.6%, the partial obliteration for 42.8% and the complete obliteration for 33.6%. 3. In the MS coat(R) group (test II), the complete open of dentinal tubule surface was accounted for 19.2%, the partial obliteration for 45.6% and the complete obliteration for 35.2%. 4. The average number of open dentinal tubules in the control was significantly higher than in the test I and II (P<0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences between the test I and II. 5. The average number of the partially obliterated and the completely blocked dentinal tubules in the control was significantly lower than the test I and II(P<0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences between the test I and II. The results of this study suggest that Gluma(R) desensitizer and MS coat(R) is significantly effective on dentinal tubule obliteration, therefore they were effective on hypersensitivity caused by periodontal treatment

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.87-98
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• 2007

A series of dilatometer test, field vane test, and $CK_0U$ triaxial test were performed for clayey soils of Busan new port site to develop the relationships between undrained shear strength and the DMT results. Normalized undrained shear strength is turned out to be $S_{u(CKU)}/{\sigma}'_v=0.30{\sim}0.35\;for\;CK_0U$ triaxial test and ${\mu}S_{u(VST)}/{\sigma}'_v=0.20{\sim}0.22$ for vane shear test. By comparing the undrained shear strength estimated from DMT indices with the results measured by in-situ vane test or $CK_0U$ triaxial test, two methods to predict the undrained shear strength from DMT results are suggested. One is based on the relationship between $S_u/{\sigma}'_v$ and horizontal stress index (KD) while another method comes from $N_c-I_D$ and $N_c-E_D$ correlation. It was observed that the method based on $N_c-I_D\;or\;N_c-E_D$ relation shows slightly better accuracy than the one based on $K_D$ although all of the methods suggested in this study provided comparable values of predicted undrained shear strength. Since the definitions of $I_D\;and\;E_D$ contain $p_1-p_0$, in which soil condition is reflected, it is believed that the prediction method using $N_c$ is capable of taking a material type into consideration.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.103-109
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• 1989

Bond strength between alloy and ceramic plays an important role in deciding the quaring the processing of metalceramic restorations. Now the author had an experiment on the measurement of bond strength differences accoding to the contents of recast alloy used during the processing of metal-ceramic restorations. In the experiment, Anusavice's Planar Interface Shear Bond Test was employed to determine the bond strength. Total 25 specimens were divided as 5 groups, that is, 5 specimens in a group respections : Group I (new alloy 100%) Group II (new 75%$\cdot$recast 25%), Group III (new 50%$\cdot$recast 50%), Group IV (new 25%$\cdot$recast 75%), Group V(recast 100%). All specimens examined micropically and respective strength values of the group specimens were checked simultaneously. The results were as follows, 1. In the analtsis of variance the result showed the significant differences of 1%(P<0.01) among the each group classifid according to the recast contents. 2. When the interfaces of specimens were examined with an electron microscope, the air bubble were evenly occurred in all the specimens, and the occurrence frequencies and the sizes of air bubble were different between Group I and Group III, especially marked different Group I and Croup V. 3. In respective verification of each group through T-test, between Group I and Group II, between Group I and Group III did not show significant differences. 4. There was significant difference between Group I and Group IV, between Group I and Group V as 1%(P<0.01). 5. In the Shear Bond Test of all the groups, Croup V showed the lowest value. Explanatoion of Figures Fig 1. Main fracture type of metal-porcelain interlace showed in group I, II, III from shear Bond Test resets. Fig 2. Main fracture type of metal-porcelain interface showed In group Ⅳ, Ⅴ form shear Bond Test resets. Air bubble and their size appeared around interface of metal-porcelain. Fig 3. Group I, Fig 4. Group II Fig 5. Group III, Fig 6. Group IV, Fig 7. Group V.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.277-281
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• 2001

Chromium is an essential nutrient and participates in glucose and lipid metabolism in human beings and animals. The present study was conducted to assess the effects of chromium picolinate (Cr-pic) on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in type I and ll diabetic rats. The experimental groups were type I diabetic (streptozotocin-induced: 40 mg/kg, i.p.) and type II diabetic (Goto-Kakizaki rats) models. Each group was subdivided into control. low-dose and high-dose of Cr-pic treated groups. The Cr-pic was orally administered with Cr-pic (100 mg/kg for low dose group and 200 mg/kg for high dose group) for 4 weeks. And then we performed intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and insulin sensitivity test (ITT). The glucose tolerance test was carried out by inection of glucose (2 g/kg, i.p.). The peripheral insulin sensitivity test was con- ducted by injection of insulin (5 units/kg, s.c.) and glucose. We performed determining of blood glucose concentration at 0, 10, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min using automated glucose analyzer. The plasma insulin concentration was determined by rat insulin EIA kit. Administration of Cr-pic improved weight gain in all group s with higher significant in the low-dose group. There was no significance between the control and the Cr-pic treated groups in the area under the blood glucose curve and serum insulin concentration plots of IPGTT and peripheral ITT in type I diabetic rats. But Cr-pic treated groups showed significantly lower levels of the area under the blood glucose currie during IPGTT and ITT and the high-dose group showed less effects compared with the low-dose group in the type II diabetic rats. The plasma insulin concentration of both diabetic groups was not influenced by Cr-pic supplementation. We can conclude that chromium picolinate may improve the endogenous and exogenous insulin action and peripheral insulin sensitivity in type II diabetic rats.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.191-201
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• 1991

Given a set of data pxN$_{i}$, matrices X$_{i}$ observed from p-variate normal populations $\prod$$_{i}$~N($\mu$$_{I}$, $\Sigma$$_{i}$) for i=1, …, K, the test for equality form of the covariance matrices is to choose a hypothetical model which best explains the homogeneity/heterogeneity structure across the covariance matrices among the hypothesized class of models. This paper describes a test procedure for selecting the best model. The procedure is based on a synthesis of Bayesian and a cross-validation or sample reuse methodology that makes use of a one-at-a-time schema of observational omissions. Advantages of the test are argued on two grounds, and illustrative examples and simulation results are given.are given.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.13 no.1_2
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• pp.149-152
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• 1997

This test was performed to evaluate the ocular and skin irritation of EPO (Erythropoietin). The results as follows: 1. Ocular irritation test There were no observed clinical signs, body weght changes by EPO during experimental period. The acute ocular irritation index(A.O.I.), mean ocular irritation index(M.O.I.) and Day-7 individual ocular irritation index(I.O.I.) of EPO at dose of 1000U and 10, 000U were 0, respectively. Therefore we evaluated that EPO was non-toxic to eyes. 2. Skin irritation test There were no observed clinical signs, body weght changes and gross pathologic findings by EPO during experimental period. There were no observed erythema, eschar formation and edema formation on intact and abraded skin treated by EPO. The primary irritation index(P.I.I.) of EPO at dose of 1000U and 10, 000U were 0, respectively and were evaluated none irritating product about skin irritation.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 2005

Fimbriae (fimA) of Porphyromonas gingivalis are filamentous components on the cell surface and are thought to play an important role in the colonization and invasion of periodontal tissue. P. gnigivalis fimA gene encoding fimbrillin, a subunit of fimbriae, has been classified into 5 genotypes (types I to V) based on the nucleotide sequences. In the present study, we examined the prevalence of these fimA genotypes in patients with dental implant and the relationship between prevalence of these genotypes and peri-implantitis. Dental plaque specimens obtained from 80 peri-implant sulci of 50 patients with dental implants were analyzed by 16S rRNA fimA gene-directed PCR assay. P. gingivalis were detected in 74.4% of the samples of the control group (healthy peri- implant sulci; probing depth<5mm) and in 92.0% of the samples of the test group (peri-implant sulci with peri-iimplantitis; probing $depth{\geqq}5mm$). Among the P. gingivalis-positive samples of the control group, the most prevalent fimA type was type I (29.3%), followed by type II (26.8%). In contrast, a majority among the P. gingivalis-positive samples of the test group was type II (56.S%), followed by type I (43.5%). TypeII fimA genotype organisms were detected more frequently in the test group and a significant difference in the occurrence of type II was observed between test and the control groups. A correlation between specific fimA types and peri-implant health status was found in type II (OR 3.545) and only a weak relationship was revealed in typeIV(OR 3.807). These findings indicate that P. gingivalis strains that possess type II fimA are predominant in peri-implant sulci with peri-implantitis and are closely associated with peri-implant health status. P. gingivalis with type II fimA may be involved in peri-implantitis.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.282-289
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• 1987

The characteristics of the plasmid pKU10 isolated from Pseudomonas putida KU816 were investigated and its restriction map was constructed. The pKU10 plasmid was a small R plasmid carrying genes for resistance to ampicillin, tetracyclin, and chloramphenicol, and cured by treatment with mitomycin C. The molecular size of pKU10 was estimated to be 9.4Kb. Pseudomonas strains and E. coli cells could be transformed for antibiotic resistance characters specified by pKU10 plasmid DNA. By incompatibility test with other plasmids, pKU10 is grouped into IncP-1. EcoRI, XhoI, SalI, BglII, and SmaI cleaved pKU10 once, while PstI cleaved at two sites, and HindIII cleaved at six sites. The restriction map was constructed by partial and complete digestion of the purified plasmid DNA with single, double, or triple restriction enzymes. Thus, pKU10 is expected to be used for a cloning vector in Pseudomonas cells.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.468-482
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• 1998

Since the concept of osseointegration was introduced by Branemark of Sweden, dental implants have been used for various dental prosthetic treatments. The survival rate of dental implant is likely to be closely related to the total biomechanical role of each component of implant system. The use of interchangeable component is very attractive for dental practitioners because such an approach would save treatment cost, flexibility of prosthetic treatment options as well as conveniences. Therefore, the use of interchangeable implant system has been increasing without scientific assessment of safety and efficacy of various interchangeable implant system. The purpose of this study, therefore, were to compare the geometric characteristic of four interchangeable dental implant screws and the loosening torque of these screws. Four types of dental implant screws tested in this study were Nobelpharma, 3i, Impla-med, Restore. Four screws each of the test specimens were subjected for scanning electron microscopic examinations under the same condition and a 35x magnified standard SEM picture was objected from each test specimen using JSM-5200 scanning microscope. From each of the SEM pictures, eight parameters. i.e., diameter of screw head. screw length, thread pitch, major diameter. neck diameter, neck length, crest width and root width were determined using a caliper. The measurement for each parameters were then corrected for their magnification factor. The loosening torque were also determined by using a torque gauge. All of the measurements were statistically analyzed by ANOVA test and multiple range test. Statistical significance was set in advance at the probability level of less than 0.05. All analyses were done with SPSS software for the personal computer. The conclusion obtained from this studies were summarized as the following; 1. No statistically significances were noted in the thread pitch. and crest width in the four screws, and in the case of major diameter, the Impla-med screw was significantly smaller than the other three screws (p<0.05). Therefore, four implant bolts could be physically inserted in a abutment nuts. 2. The diameter of screw head was decreased in the order of Restore, 3i, Nobelpharma, Impla-med screws and the length of screws were decreased in the order of 3i, Restore, Nobelpharma and Impla-med. The diameter of neck was decreased in the order of Impla-med, Restore. Nobelpharma, 3i screws. The differences of each of these parameters were statistically significant (p<0.05). The width of root of screws were decreased in the order of Nobelpharma, Impla-med, Restore and 3i. The differences among Nobelpharma and Impla-med. Restore and 3i were statistically significant (p<0.05). 3. When the screws were loosening 1, 3, 4 and 5 times, the loosening torque for Impla-med and 3i screws were significantly higher than that of Nobelpharma or Restore screws (p<0.05). However, when statistically smaller than that of 3i, Restore or Nobelpharma screws(p<0.05).