• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.56-65
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• 2010

본 연구는 외기에 노출된 경골목조벽체의 수분축적을 감소시킬 수 있는 벽체 구성을 찾기 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위해 다음 다섯 가지 형태의 벽체 구성을 대상으로 벽체 내 수분이동과 수분축적을 평가하였다; 일반적인 벽체구성(기본벽체 T), 실내 측 방습지 추가(P1), 실내 측과 단열재 구간의 방습지 추가(P2), 환기를 위한 사이딩 뒷면의 공기층 추가(P3), P3벽체에서 실외 측 방습지의 실내 측으로 이동(P4). 옥외 실험가옥에 기본벽체와 제안벽체를 설치하여 외기에 노출된 벽체의 수분이동과 수분축적을 평가하였다. 실험결과 계절에 따라 추가 방습지와 공기층의 개선 정도가 다르게 나타났으나 연간 벽체 내 수분축적 감소에 유리한 벽체 구성은 1) 공기층 추가 및 실내 측으로 방습지 이동(P4), 2) 실내 측 방습지 추가(P1), 3) 기본벽체(T), 4) 공기층 추가(P3), 5) 실내 측 및 단열재 구간 방습지 추가(P2) 순으로 나타났다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.823-828
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• 2005

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the most significant obstacles in cancer chemotherapy. One of the mechanisms involved in the development of MDR is the over-expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). It is widely known that natural compounds found in vegetables, fruits, plant-derived beverages and herbal dietary supplements not only have anticancer properties, but may also modulate P-gp activity. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of naturally occurring products on P-gp function in human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 (sensitive) and MCF-7/ADR (resistant). The accumulation of daunomycin (DNM), a P-gp substrate, was greater in the sensitive cells compared to the resistant cells, while the efflux of DNM was higher in the resistant cells compared to the sensitive cells over a period of 2h. The $IC_{50}$ value of DNM in the resistant cells was about 22 times higher than that in the sensitive cells, indicating an over-expression of P-gp in the resistant cells, MCF-7/ADR. All of the compounds tested, with the exception of fisetin, significantly decreased the $IC_{50}$ value of DNM. Biochanin A showed the greatest increase in $[^3H]-DNM$ accumulation, increasing by $454.3{\pm}19.5%$ in the resistant cells, whereas verapamil, the positive control, increased the accumulation by $229.4{\pm}17.6%$. Also, the accumulation of $[^3H]-DNM$ was increased substantially by quercetin and silymarin while it was reduced by fisetin. Moreover, biochanin A, silymarin, and naringenin significantly decreased DNM efflux from MCF-7/ADR cells compared with the control. These results suggest that some flavonoids such as biochanin A and silymarin may reverse MDR by inhibiting the P-gp function.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.94-103
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• 2024

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by excessive accumulation of fat in the liver, and there is a global increase in its incidence owing to changes in lifestyle and diet. Recent findings suggest that p53 is involved in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; however, the association between p53 expression and the disease remains unclear. Doxorubicin, an anticancer agent, increases the expression of p53. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of doxorubicin-induced p53 upregulation in free fatty acid (FFA)-induced intracellular lipid accumulation. HepG2 cells were pretreated with 0.5 ㎍/mL of doxorubicin for 12 h, followed by treatment with FFA (0.5 mM) for 24 h to induce steatosis. Doxorubicin pretreatment upregulated p53 expression and downregulated the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress- and lipid synthesis-associated genes in the FFA -treated HepG2 cells. Additionally, doxorubicin treatment upregulated the expression of AMP-activated protein kinase, a key modulator of lipid metabolism. Notably, siRNA-targeted p53 knockdown reversed the effects of doxorubicin in HepG2 cells. Moreover, doxorubicin treatment suppressed FFA -induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 spheroids. Conclusively, these results suggest that doxorubicin possesses potential application for the regulation of lipid metabolism by enhance the expression of p53 an in vitro NAFLD model.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 1998년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.237-242
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• 1998

Salt accumulation is frequently experienced in soils under protected cultivation. Since protected cultivation does not have rainfall and resulting infiltration, salt accumulation in the soils is inevitable. In this study, analyzed were chemical charecteristics of soils under protected cultivation to investigate the factors which may contribute the salt accumulation. Soil samples were collected from 99 protected cultivation facilities around An-sung Gun, Gyungki-Do and analyzed for electrical conductivity, pH, organic matter con-tents. The results showed that there was no significant trend of changes in electrical conductivity and pH along cultivation years. the only factor influencing salt accumulation was irrigation type. Soils in facilities using drip irrigation showed higher electrical conductivity than those using diversion-hose type irrigation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.2018-2026
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• 2007

A bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa BM114, capable of accumulating a blend of medium-chain-length (MCL)- and short-chain-length (SCL)-polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (PHA), was isolated. Salicylic acid (SA), without being metabolized, was found to specifically inhibit only the accumulation of MCL-PHA without affecting cell growth. An addition of 20 mM SA selectively inhibited the accumulation of MCL-PHA in decanoate-grown cells by 83% of the control content in one-step cultivation, where overall PHA accumulation was inhibited by only ${\sim}11%$. Typically, the molar monomer-unit ratio of the PHA for 25 mM decanoate-grown cells changed from 46:4:25:25 (=[3-hydroxybutyrate]:[3-hydroxycaproate]: [3-hydroxyoctanoate]:[3-hydroxydecanoate]) at 0 mM SA (dry cell wt, 1.97 g/l; PHA content, 48.6 wt%) to 91:1:4:4 at 20 mM SA (dry cell wt, 1.85 g/l; PHA content, 43.2 wt%). Thus, the stimulation of SCL-PHA accumulation was observed. Growth of P. aeruginosa BM114 on undecanoic acid also produced a PHA blend composed of 47.4% P(3HB-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) and 52.6% P(3-hydroxyheptanoate-co-3-hydroxynonanoate-co-3-hydroxyundecanoate). Similar to the case of even-carboxylic acids, SA inhibited the accumulation of only MCL-PHA, but stimulated the accumulation of SCL-PHA. For all medium-chain fatty acids tested, SA induced a stimulation of SCL-PHA accumulation in the BM114 strain. SA could thus be used to suppress only the formation of MCL-PHA in Pseudomonas spp. accumulating a blend of SCL-PHA and MCL-PHA.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.193-201
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• 2018

Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a novel fibrotic mediator, which is considered to mediate fibrosis through extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis in diabetic cardiovascular complications. Statins have significant immunomodulatory effects and reduce vascular injury. We therefore examined whether fluvastatin has anti-fibrotic effects in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and elucidated its putative transduction signals. We show that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) stimulated CTGF mRNA and protein expression in a time-dependent manner. AGE-induced CTGF expression was mediated via ERK1/2, JNK, and Egr-1 pathways, but not p38; consequently, cell proliferation and migration and ECM accumulation were regulated by CTGF signaling pathway. AGE-stimulated VSMC proliferation, migration, and ECM accumulation were blocked by fluvastatin. However, the inhibitory effect of fluvastatin was restored by administration of CTGF recombinant protein. AGE-induced VSMC proliferation was dependent on cell cycle arrest, thereby increasing G1/G0 phase. Fluvastatin repressed cell cycle regulatory genes cyclin D1 and Cdk4 and augmented cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p27 and p21 in AGE-induced VSMCs. Taken together, fluvastatin suppressed AGE-induced VSMC proliferation, migration, and ECM accumulation by targeting CTGF signaling mechanism. These findings might be evidence for CTGF as a potential therapeutic target in diabetic vasculature complication.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2023년도 임시총회 및 춘계학술대회
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• pp.55-55
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• 2023

With the COVID-19 pandemic, there is increasing interest in anti-obesity strategies. According to the National Statistical Office, the obesity rate in Korea was 38.3% in 2020 and 37.1% in 2021. Obesity is a risk factor for several severe diseases, including stroke, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and certain types of cancer. Pinus rigida × Pinus taeda is a hybrid of Pinus rigida Mill and Pinus taeda Linn, and its cones are considered a by-product. Although previous studies have investigated their pharmacological effects on antioxidant activity and protection against oxidative DNA damage, few researchers have explored their potential as functional natural materials. Therefore, we evaluated the anti-obesity effects of the cone of ethyl acetate fraction of P. rigida × P. taeda (ERT), specifically its ability to inhibit lipid accumulation. Our analysis showed that ERT contains phytochemicals (catechin and caffeic acid) which are known to improve immune function and inhibit cell damage. ERT inhibited lipid droplet accumulation at the cellular levels through Oil Red O staining. Furthermore, ERT suppressed the expression of adipogenic transcription factors (PPARγ and CEBP/α) as well as downstream lipogenic target genes (FAS and SREBP-1) thereby inhibiting adipogenesis. ERT also down-regulated key adipogenic markers, including aP2α, while inducing the phosphorylation of AMPK. It has been reported that PPARγ and CEBP/α are expressed in the early stages of adipose differentiation, while SREBP-1 is expressed in the late stage. Therefore, our findings suggest that ERT activates AMPK signaling pathways, which inhibits adipogenic transcription factors (PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBP1) and lipogenic genes (FAS and aP2α), thereby blocking lipid accumulation and preventing obesity and related disorders. ERT showed potential as a new resource for developing a functional material for anti-obesity agents.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.374-381
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• 2017

LAP 지수는 공복시 중성지방 농도와 허리둘레의 조합으로 과도한 지방축적을 평가하는 지표이다. 이 연구는 LAP 지수와 ALT간의 관련성과 LAP 지수가 ALT에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아 보고자 간질환의 병력이 없는 건강한 성인남성을 대상으로 횡단면 연구를 실시하였다. 2015년 1월부터 2017년 6월까지 경기지역 종합병원에서 건강검진을 시행한 20세 이상 70세 이하의 성인 남성 13,854명을 연구 대상자로 하였다. LAP 지수는 남성의 경우 [허리둘레(cm)-65]${\times}$[중성지방(mmol/L)]으로 산출하였으며, 혈청 ALT 농도의 이상치는 남성 40 IU/L 이상인 경우를 기준으로 설정하였다. 모든 대상자들은 인체측정학적 지표와 생리학적 검사를 실시하였다. LAP 분위수가 증가할수록 ALT는 통계적으로 유의한 증가를 보였다(p<0.001). LAP 지수는 ALT와 상관관계를 보였으며(r=0.238, p<0.001), 특히 인슐린(r=0.449, p<0.001) 및 HDL-콜레스테롤(r=-0.369, p<0.001)과 상관성이 높게 나타났다. 또한 LAP 지수는 ALT에 영향을 미치는 요인이었으며(p<0.001), LAP 지수가 높을수록 ALT가 상승할 위험이 높게 나타났다(p<0.001). 결론적으로 LAP 지수는 한국 성인남성에서 ALT 상승을 예측하는 지표로 나타났다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.149-156
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• 2022

본 연구는 지질 축적 지수(lipid accumulation product, LAP)는 중심 지질 축적을 반영하는 새로운 지표로서, 심혈관 위험이나 당뇨병의 강력한 위험인자로 알려져 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 대한민국 20 성인에서 비만의 유무에 따른 지질 축적 지수와 인슐린저항성(homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, HOMA-IR)의 관련성에 대하여 조사하였다. 본 연구는 2019년도 국민건강영양조사 자료(2019 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, KNHANES V-3)를 이용하여 20세 이상의 대한민국 성인 6,090명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 본 연구결과에서 중요한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 연령, 성별, 음주습관, 흡연습관, 운동습관, 수축기 및 이완기혈압, 혈중 요소 질소 및 크레아티닌을 보정한 후의 결과에서, 전체인구(P<0.001), 비만이 아닌 군(P<0.001) 및 비만군(P<0.001)에서 LAP의 사분위수가 증가함에 따라 HOMA-IR 평균값(M±SE, 95% confidence interval)이 증가하였다. 둘째, 전체인구, 비만이 아닌 군 및 비만군에서, 공복혈당(모든 그룹, P<0.001), 인슐린(모든 그룹, P<0.001) 및 대사증후군 점수(모든 그룹, P<0.001)의 평균값(M±SE, 95% CI)은 LAP의 사분위수가 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. 결론적으로, 대한민국 성인 중 비만군과 비만이 아닌 군 모두에서 지질 축적 지수가 증가함에 따라 인슐린저항성이 증가하였다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 1982

Mucor plumbeus FRI 0007 균주의 배양조건에 따른 균체생산량 및 지방질의 생산량을 검토한 결과 온도는 37$^{\circ}C$, pH3.5에서 정치배양 하는 것이 최적조건이며, 25일간 배양했을때 균체량은 2.39g/50$m\ell$, 지방질의 함량은 50.73% 이었다. 균체량과 지방질의 함량은 온도가 증가할수록, pH가 낮을수록 증가하였으나 진탕배양의 경우 균체량은 감소하나 지방질의 함량은 증가되었다. 트리-글리세리드의 함량은 pH가 낮을때, 그리고 진탕배양을 했을때 그 함량이 높았다. 지방산의 조성은 온도, 질소원와 종류 및 진탕에 의한 영향을 받았으며 온도가 낮을때 그리고 진탕을 했을때 포화도가 낮았다. 지방질을 구성하고 있는 모노-글리세리드와 디-글리세리드는 팔미트산과 올레산으로 트리-글리세리드는 주로 팔미트산, 올레산 및 리놀레산으로 결합되어 있으며 포화도는 모노-글리세리드가 가장 높았다.