• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.831-838
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• 2018

Trophic interactions of introduced biocontrol fungi with soil animals can be a key determinant in the fungal proliferation and activity. This study investigated the trophic interaction of an introduced biocontrol fungus with soil nematodes. The biocontrol fungus Trichoderma harzianum ThzID1-M3 and the fungivorous nematode Aphelenchoides sp. (10 per gram of soil) were added to nonsterile soil, and microbial populations were monitored for 40 days. Similar results were obtained when the experiment was duplicated. ThzID1-M3 stimulated the population growth of indigenous nematodes (p < 0.05), regardless of whether Aphelenchoides sp. was added. Without ThzID1-M3, indigenous nematodes did not increase in number and the added Aphelenchoides sp. nematodes almost disappeared by day 10. With ThzID1-M3, population growth of nematodes was rapid between 5 and 10 days after treatment. ThzID1-M3 biomass peaked on day 5, dropped at day 10, and then almost disappeared at day 20, which was not influenced by the addition of nematodes. In contrast, a large quantity of ThzID1-M3 hyphae were present in a heat-treated soil in which nematodes were eliminated. Total fungal biomass in all treatments peaked on day 5 and subsequently decreased. Addition of nematodes increased the total fungal biomass (p < 0.05), but ThzID1-M3 addition did not affect the fungal biomass. Hyphae of total fungi when homogenously distributed did not support the nematode population growth; however, hyphae of the introduced fungus did when densely localized. The results suggest that soil fungivorous nematodes are an important constraint on the hyphal proliferation of fungal agents introduced into natural soils.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.81-86
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• 2004

Among the annotated ORFs of Streptomyces coelicolor, SCO7697 was supposed to encode for phytase (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate phosphohydrolase). The DNA fragment containing SCO7697 was cloned by the PCR from the chromosomal DNA of S.coelicolor A3(2)M. The cloned fragment was introduced into E. coli expres-sion vector, pET28a(+), to yield two recombinant plasmids, pET28-SP and pET28-LP, which were designed to encode different length of proteins. When the pET28-SP and pET28-LP were introduced into E. coli BL21, the transformants successfully overexpressed recombinant proteins, but the molecular weights of the expressed pro-teins were appeared bigger than those of expected in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The shift of cul-tural temperature from 37 to $30^{\circ}C$ made most of expressed protein be solubilized. The expressed protein, however, did not show any phytase activity. When the DNA fragment with its own promoter placed on the E. coli-Streptomyces vector, pWHM3, and introduced into S. lividans, the phytase activity was not detected either. These results suggest that even though the SCO7697 was annotated as a probable phytase with high probability (E value is $6e^{-89}$), the real product doest not have phytase activity.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.384-391
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• 2016

In previous studies, we confirmed that the ethanol extract of Polygonatum sibiricum (ID1216) has anti-obesity effects on high-fat diet-fed mice. To identify the obesity-related genes affected by ID1216, we studied its effects both in vivo and in vitro. In mice, single administration of ID1216 increased the expression of obesity-related genes including sirtuin1 (SIRT1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\gamma}$ coactivator $1{\alpha}$ ($PGC1{\alpha}$) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\alpha}$ ($PPAR{\alpha}$) compared to that in mice administered the vehicle; their downstream genes (uncoupling proteins, acyl-CoA oxidase, adipocyte protein 2, and hormone-sensitive lipase) were also increased by ID1216. In fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, ID1216 showed the same effects on anti-obesity genes as those in the animal model. Based on these results, we propose that ID1216 has anti-obesity effects by regulating the $SIRT1-PGC1{\alpha}-PPAR{\alpha}$ pathway and their downstream genes, thereby controlling energy and lipid metabolisms.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.335-341
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• 2007

General anatomy classifies diaphragm as muscle of boundary between chest and abdomen, while radiology divides it into right and left hemidiaphragm, because it is more advantageous in radiological diagnosis on chest and abdomen. Based on these anatomic characteristics of diaphragm, this study aimed to measure the height and curvature of right and left diaphragm in simple chest radiography. As a result, this study came to the following conclusions : 1. For all subjects who joined this study, it was found that their mean transverse diameter in internal diameter of thorax(ID) amounted to 293.3 mm(min. 221.0 mm, max 335.3 mm). 2. For the right and left height of diaphragm, it was found that 81.4% showed higher right diaphragm ; 16.2% showed equivalent height between right and left diaphragm ; and only 2.4% showed higher left diaphragm. 3. For higher right diaphragm, it was found that the mean height of right diaphragm amounted to 15.2 mm(min. height = 2.0 mm, max. height = 41.7 mm). 4. For higher left diaphragm, it was found that the mean height of left diaphragm amounted to 11.5 mm(min. height = 4.7 mm, max. height = 30.4 mm). 5. The mean curvature of right diaphragm amounted to 22.9 mm(min. curvature = 10.4 mm, max. curvature = 37.3 mm). 6. The mean curvature of left diaphragm amounted to 22.4 mm(min. curvature = 11.3 mm, max. curvature = 42.2 mm). 7. For possible associations between ID and right/left diaphragm curvature, it was noted that ID was in significantly positive correlations with right diaphragm curvature(r= .427, p<.001) and left diaphragm curvature(r= .425, p<.001) on statistical level. 8. For possible associations between right and left diaphragm curvature, it was found that right diaphragm curvature was in significantly positive correlations with left diaphragm curvature(r= .403, p<.001).

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.429-436
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• 2009

We define a projective representation $M_1{^{\rightarrow}_{\rightarrow}}M_2{\rightarrow}M_3$ of a quiver $Q={\bullet}{^{\rightarrow}_{\rightarrow}}{\bullet}{\rightarrow}{\bullet}$ and consider their properties. Then we show that any projective representation $M_1{^{\rightarrow}_{\rightarrow}}M_2{\rightarrow}M_3$ of a quiver $Q={\bullet}{^{\rightarrow}_{\rightarrow}}{\bullet}{\rightarrow}{\bullet}$ is isomorphic to the quotient of a direct sum of projective representations $0{^{\rightarrow}_{\rightarrow}}0{\rightarrow}P,\;0{^{\rightarrow}_{\rightarrow}}P{\rightarrow\limits^{id}}P$ and $P{^{\rightarrow}_{\rightarrow}}^{e1}_{e2}P{\oplus}P{\rightarrow\limits^{id_{P{\oplus}P}}}P{\oplus}P$, where $e_1(a)=(a,0)$ and $e_2(a)=(0,a)$.

• Plant Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.37-41
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• 2021

P&ID((Piping and Instrument Diagram) is a key drawing in the engineering industry because it contains information about the units and instrumentation of the plant. Until now, simple repetitive tasks like listing symbols in P&ID drawings have been done manually, consuming lots of time and manpower. Currently, a deep learning model based on CNN(Convolutional Neural Network) is studied for drawing object detection, but the detection time is about 30 minutes and the accuracy is about 90%, indicating performance that is not sufficient to be implemented in the real word. In this study, the detection of symbols in a drawing is performed using 1-stage object detection algorithms that process both region proposal and detection. Specifically, build the training data using the image labeling tool, and show the results of recognizing the symbol in the drawing which are trained in the deep learning model.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.720-728
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• 2003

Blind signature is such a signature scheme that conceals the contents of signature itself and who is the user of the signature make user's anonymity possible. For this reason, they are used in security services such as electronic cashes and electronic votes in which the behavior of actor should not be exposed. In this paper we propose an ID-based blind signature scheme from Gap Diffie-Hellman group. Its security is based on the hardness of Computational Diffie-Hellman Problem. Proposed scheme efficiently improve against existing blind signature scheme by using two-pass protocol between two users and by reducing computation process. Therefore it can be used efficiently in wireless PKI environment.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.398-406
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• 2012

This study aimed to examine whether the polygenic profile of ACE ID and ACTN3 R577X polymorphisms is associated with muscle power performance in Korean athletes. For this study, 106 top-class power athletes (top-class group), 158 elite power athletes (elite-class group), and 676 healthy adults (control) aged 18-39 yrs were recruited and their genotypes were analyzed. The top-class group showed higher frequencies of the II genotype and I allele in ACE, as well as higher frequencies of the RR genotype and R allele in ACTN3 (top-class vs. control: 41.4% vs. 32.1% for II genotype, 67.1% vs. 57.7% for I allele, p<0.05; 42.3% vs. 29.0% for RR genotype, 65.3% vs. 54.8% for I allele, p<0.05). In the polygenic profile, the top-class group had significantly higher frequencies of combined-II/ID+RR/RX genotype than the control group (top-class vs. control: 82.9% vs. 66.7% for II/ID+RR/RX, p<0.05), and there was even a sharp increase in total genotype score (TGS) in this group compared to the elite-class and control groups ($66{\pm}0.9$ vs. $58{\pm}1.9$ vs. $56{\pm}2.3$, p<0.05). The combined-II/ID+RR/RX genotype showed the possibility of succussion in the top-class muscle power performance with an odds ratio of 2.3 (CI:1.4-4.1, p<0.05). These results suggested that ACE and ACTN3 need to interact with each other to affect muscle-power performance in an additive form. Furthermore, the polygenic profile of ACE and ACTN3 can predict muscle performance with high success in a homogeneous dominant combined genotype (II/ID+RR/RX). A further study could identify and combine other genes into ACE and ACTN3 for muscle strength.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.184-189
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• 2007

Concerns about food safety continue to rise and under this situation, governments of some countries have reinforced their regulations more strictly for food safety. In order to prevent food safety incidents or, at least to minimize the impact, the preparedness is very important. As a consequence of this, traceability system has become an essential tool for food safety. Recently, it requires more prevention-based food safety control system. One of the most generally used systems for food safety control is Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP). Both traceability and HACCP systems can be integrated through Electronic Product Code (EPC) Sensor Network technologies which have four value propositions. In this paper, we will introduce the concept of product and process traceability system (P2TS) through the integration of three systems to improve food safety management. The final aim is to find out the added values of the P2TS.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.23-26
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• 1982

한건(韓件) 및 유우(乳牛)의 우백혈병(牛白血病) 바이러스의 감염상태(感染狀態)와 목장(牧場)의 오염상황(汚染狀況) 등 역학적(疫學的)인 연구(硏究)를 위하여, 경북지방(慶北地方)의 14개목장(個牧場) 유우(乳牛) 106두(頭)와 대구(大邱) 도축장(屠畜場)에서 한우(韓牛) 699두(頭)의 혈청항체(血淸抗體)를 조사(調査)하였다. 우백혈병(牛白血病) 바이러스의 바이러스의 본(本) 바이러스의 단백항원(蛋白抗原)(P)과 당단백항원(糖蛋白抗原)(gp)를 가지고 한천(寒天) Gel 내침강반응(內沈降反應)(ID)을 실시하였고 그 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 유우(乳牛) 106두(頭)에 있어서 gp-ID 양성(陽性)인 것은 30두(頭)(28.3%)이었고, 14개목장(個牧場)중 12개(個) 목장(牧場)이 본(本) 바이러스에 오염(汚染)되어 있었으며, 목장별(牧場別) 오염률(汚染率)은 12.5에서 60%로 높은 감염률(感染率)을 나타내었다. 2. 한건(韓件) 699두(頭)에서 gp-ID에 양성(陽性)인 것은 17두(頭)(2.4%)로 낮았다. 3. gp-ID 양성혈청(陽性血淸) 47례(例)중 P 항원(抗原)을 가지고 있는 것은 유우(乳牛) 5두(頭)에서만 인정(認定)되었다.