• 제목/요약/키워드: Oxytetracycline(OTC)

검색결과 72건 처리시간 0.031초

구피(Poecilia reticulata)에서 수산용의약품 oxolinic acid, neomycin-oxytetracycline, florfenicol의 급성독성 및 Aeromonas salmonicida에 대한 약효 평가 (The acute toxicity and efficacy evaluation against Aeromonas salmonicida of aquatic drugs oxolinic acid, neomycin-oxytetracycline, and florfenicol in guppy (Poecilia reticulata))

  • 배준성;이채원;양찬영;정은하;김아름;채영식;박정진;박관하
    • 한국어병학회지
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    • 제36권2호
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    • pp.293-302
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    • 2023
  • 본 연구는 구피(Poecilia reticulata)에서 oxolinic acid (OA), neomycin-oxytetracycline 복합제(NEO-OTC) 및 florfenicol (FF)의 급성독성을 96시간 동안 약욕투여하여 96h-LC50으로 평가하였다. 또한 활성성분 함량이 2-4%로 낮은 상업용 제제의 급성독성을 평가하여 표준품과 비교하고, 에로모나스병에 대한 치료 효능을 평가하였다. 구피에서의 급성독성은 NEO-OTC이 126.08 mg/L로 가장 높았다. OA는 염의 형태에 따라서 급성독성의 결과가 크게 상이하였다. Oxolinic acid 형태는 최고 농도인 1,000 mg/L에서도 모든 개체가 생존한 반면, 수산용의약품으로 사용되는 sodium염 형태는 96h-LC50이 504.61 mg/L로 도출되었다. 특히 모든 폐사는 OA가 용출되기 전인 24시간 이내에 발생하였다. FF의 급성독성은 매우 낮아 96h-LC50이 1,000 mg/L 이상으로 도출되었다. 본 연구에서 평가한 OA 및 NEO-OTC 상업용 제제는 산제 형태로, FF 상업용 제제는 액제 형태로 사용되었다. 부형제는 산제의 경우 glucose 및 lactose hydrate가 함량의 대부분을 차지하며, powdered corn syrup이 소량 첨가되었다. 액제의 경우 propylene glycol이 함량의 대부분을 차지하며, N-methylpyrrolidone, polysorbate 80, butylated hydroxy toluene이 소량 첨가되었다. OA 및 NEO-OTC 상업용 제제의 급성독성은 표준품과 큰 차이를 보이지 않았지만, FF 상업용 제제는 현저하게 급성독성이 증가하였고, 그 이유는 아마도 상업용 제제에 함유된 유기용매나 용해보조제가 독성을 강화시키는 것으로 추측된다. OA, NEO-OTC 및 FF 약욕투여는 단시간(2시간) 약욕투여시 각각 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L 및 15 mg/L 농도로, 장시간(24시간) 약욕투여시 각각 25 mg/L, 50 mg/L 및 7.5 mg/L 농도로 에로모나스병을 유의미하게 방어하였다. 이 결과는 급성독성이 발견되지 않는 용량 범위에서 에로모나스병 치료를 위한 용량 및 시간을 제시하였으며, 낮은 농도의 항생제를 포함한 액상제제가 부분적으로 독성을 증가시키기는 하지만 효과적으로 관상어의 질병을 치료하기에는 문제가 없음을 의미한다.

금은화 첨가가 육계 생산r성과 장기 발육에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Addition Lonicera japonica Thunberg on Productivity md Development of Intestinal Organs in Broiler Chickens)

  • 조성구
    • 한국가금학회지
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.27-34
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    • 1992
  • 항 세균 및 항 Virus의 작용을 하는 금은화(LJT)와oxytetracycline의 첨가수준을 달리하여 육계에 3주간 급여 시 영계의 성장률, 사료섭취량, 사료요구율과 도체율 및 각종 장기의 크기에 미치는 영향 등을 조사하고자 초생리 숫병아리 75수를 공시하였다. 처리별 시험사료는 에너지와 단백질 수준을 거의 비슷하게 하고 첨가제로서 oxytetracycline을 0.04%와 0.34%, 금은화를 0.05%, 1.0%와 3.0%수준으로 첨가배합 하였다. 시험설계는 5처리 3반복 반복당 5수 완전임의 배치법으로 하고, 철제 battery cage에 수용하였다. 3주령 영계의 증체량은 금은화(LJT) 0.5% 첨가구에서 유의하게 우수하였고, 가장 불량한 구는 oxytetracycline(OTC) 0.34% 첨가구이었다. 사료섭취량은 처리간에 차이가 없었고, 사료요구율은 OTC 0.34%첨가구에서 가장 높았고 LJT 1%첨가구에서 가장 낮았지만 유의성은 찾지 못했다. 영계의 도체율은 LJT 0.5% 첨가구에서 우수하게 나타났고 OTC 0.34% 첨가구에서 저조하게 나타났으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. 가슴고기 생산비율에 있어서 생체중에 대한 가슴고기의 비율은 LJT 1.0% 첨가구에서 타구에 비해 높으면서 유의성은 없었으나 도체량에 대한 가슴고기 비율은 LJT 1.0% 첨가에서 유의하게 높았고, 3%의 LJT 첨가구에서 가장 낮게 측정되었다. 다리고기 생산비율 면에서는 생체중에 대한 비율은 LJT 0.5% 첨가구에서 높게 측정되었으며 유의성이 없으면서 처리수준 간에서도 일정한 경향을 보이지 않고 있다. 그러나 도체량에 대한 다리고기 생산비율은 OTC 0.34%처리구에서 유의하게 높게 측정되었음에 비하여 OTC 0.34% 처리구에서 가장 낮았다. 머리무게는 처리간에 일정한 경향과 유의한 차이도 없었다. 가식장기의 생체중에 대한 비율에 있어서 간장은 OTC처리구에서 유의하게 높았고 LJT 1.0% 처리구에서 가장 낮게 측정되었고, 근위의 생체중 비율은 LJT 1.0%에서 가장 무거웠으나 유의성과 처리간에 일정한 경향도 없었다. 심장의 중량비는 LJT 3% 첨가구에서 가장 무거웠으나 처리수준간에 일정한 경향과 큰 차이가 없었다. 면역기관인 강장과 활액낭의 중량비에서 처리간에 일정한 경향과 유의한 차이를 발견하지 못했다. 복강과 근위주위의 지방축적 비율은 LJT 1.0% 첨가구에서 유의하게 높게 측정되었다.

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향어에서의 oxolinic acid 흡수와 배설속도 (The absorption and excretion times of carp, Cyprinus carpio, treatment with oxolinic acid)

  • 정현도;하재이;허민도;정준기
    • 한국어병학회지
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.135-142
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    • 1992
  • 새로운 수산용 항생제로서 사용이 증가되고 있는 OX의 흡수 및 배설속도를 측정하고 수온, 급이등의 외적 환경이 이들 속도에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 동시에 OTC에 대비한 OX의 항균성 그리고 어류 혈장내 단백질과의 결합도 비교검토하였다. OX는 조사된 13균주중 11균주에 대해 OTC보다 10배이하의 낮은 MIC치를 보였고 향어나 틸라피아의 혈장내 단백질과의 complex 형성에 의한 역가 감소도 OTC에 비교해서 나타나지 않아 일반적인 세균성어병의 치료제로서 OTC 보다 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 향어에의 OX 투여를 경구, 근육주사, 정맥주사, 약욕등의 방법으로 실시하여 혈중 농도를 비교 측정하였을 때, i.v와 약욕법은 높은 초기 혈중 농도와 빠른 배설 속도를 보였다. 경구 투여와 근육 주사시는 24~28시간 후 최고 혈중 농도에 도달하고 이후 천천히 배설되었으며, 특히 i.m 투여에서의 OX bioavailability는 경구 투여보다 높게 나타났다. 이러한 약동력학적인 특성은 수온이 $30^{\circ}C$$20^{\circ}C$에서 차이를 보이지 않았으나 2주일 절식을 시킨 향어에 약욕방법으로 항생제 투여를 하면 절식어에서의 초기 혈중 농도가 정상급이어에 비해 훨씬 낮게 나타나 어류 표피나 아가미의 생리 활성도에 따른 항생제의 흡수율 변화를 추정케 해 주었다.

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Heterologous Expression of Hybrid Type II Polyketide Synthase System in Streptomyces Species

  • Kim, Chang-Young;Park, Hyun-Joo;Kim, Eung-Soo
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제13권5호
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    • pp.819-822
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    • 2003
  • Polyketides are an extensive class of secondary metabolites with diverse molecular structures and biological activities. A plasmid-based minimal polyketide synthase (PKS) expression cassette was constructed using a subset of actinorhodin (act) biosynthetic genes (actI-orfl, actI-orf2, actI-orf3, actIII, actⅦ, and actIV) from Streptomyces coelicolor, which specify the construction of an orange-fluorescent anthraquinone product aloesaponarin II, a type II polyketide compound derived from one acetyl coenzyme A and 7 malonyl coenzyme A extender units. This system was designed as an indicator pathway in S. parvulus to generate a hybrid type II polyketide compound via gene-specific replacement. The act ${\beta}-ketoacyl$ synthase unit (actI-orfl and actI-orf2) in the expression cassette was specifically replaced with oxytetracycline ${\beta}-ketoacyl$ synthase otcY-orfl and otcY-orf2). This plasmid-based hybrid PKS cassette generated a novel orange-fluorescent compound structurally different from aloesaponarin II in both S. lividans and S. parvulus. In addition, several additional distinctive blue-fluorescent compounds were detected, when this hybrid PKS cassette was expressed in S. coelicolor B78 (actI-orf2 mutant), implying that the expression of plasmid-based hybrid PKS cassette in Streptomyces species should be an efficient way of generating hybrid type II polyketide compounds.

토끼에서 oxytetracycline의 정맥 및 근육 투여시의 약물동태학 (Pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline in rabbits after intravenous and intramuscular administrations)

  • 김은정;윤효인;박승춘;오태광;조준형
    • 대한수의학회지
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    • 제34권2호
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    • pp.259-266
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    • 1994
  • The study was carried out to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters after intravenous(iv) and intramuscular(im) administration (10mg/kr) in healthy rabbits. The results obtained through the experiments were summarized as follows: 1. Bioassay (Bacillus cereus 11778) was evaluated very useful for the determination of oxytetracycline(OTC) in the rabbit serum and tissues, with the detection limit of $0.125{\mu}g/ml$. 2. The pharmacokinetic profiles of OTC (10mg/kg, iv) in rabbits were best described with a two compartment open model $(C=29.5e^{-4,3t}{\pm}3.6^{-0.2t})$, whereas that of OTC (10mg/kg, im) showed a one compartment curve fitting. 3. Following iv administration, a rapid distribution phase was predominant [$t_{\frac{1}{2}}({\alpha}):1.43{\pm}0.98hr$ (♂), $0.5{\pm}0.1hr$(♀)], and then more slow elimination phase ensued [$t_{\frac{1}{2}}({\beta}):4.52{\pm}0.76hr$(♂), $7.32{\pm}2.52hr$(♀)]. Other computer generated pharmacokinetic values were as follows:C1 [$67.76{\pm}18.59ml/kg/h$(♂), $76.03{\pm}22.98ml/kg/h$ (♀)] Vd [$257.74{\pm}180.47ml/kg$ (♂), $92.33{\pm}23.62$ (♀)] AUC [$25.6{\pm}4.44mgh/L$ (♂), $39.6{\pm}12.13mgh/l$ (♀)]. There were no statistical significance between both sexes for all the parameters at the confidence level of 95%. 4. After im administaration, the absorption from the injection sites was very rapid [ Ka:$0.18{\pm}0.03h^{-1}$ (♂), $0.24{\pm}0.02h^{-1}$ (♀)] followed by a monoexponential elimination fashion. The time to peak blood level (Tmax) were calculated $1.64{\pm}0.15hr$ and $1.34{\pm}0.24hr$, in the male and female, respectively. The peak levels (Cmax) at the corresponding time were $1.69{\pm}0.23{\mu}g/ml$ (♂) and $2.08{\pm}0.16{\mu}g/ml$ (♀), with no statistical differences (p>0.05).

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어류 병원성 세균에 대한 월계수(Laurus nobilis) 잎 유래 sesquiterpene lactone과 수산용 항생제의 병용효과 (Combinational effects of sesquiterpene lactones isolated from bay laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaves with antibiotics against fish pathogenic bacteria)

  • 임재웅;최지석;투르크 아이만;이미경;김도형;강소영
    • 한국어병학회지
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    • 제37권1호
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    • pp.133-138
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    • 2024
  • This study is a report on combinational effects between four sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) from bay laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaves, and oxytetracycline (OTC) or amoxicillin (AMX) against four fish pathogenic bacteria such as Vibrio anguillarum, V. harveyi, Edwardsiella tarda, and Streptococcus iniae. Individually, four SLs exerted little antibacterial activity against fish pathogenic bacteria. However, when combined with OTC or AMX, they showed synergistic interaction against pathogenic bacteria. Especailly, zaluzanin C (1) reduced the MIC of OTC (or AMX) eight-fold. Our results showed that combinations of SLs with antibiotics (ABTs) are more effective than ABTs alone to control pathogenic bacteria. The highest synergistic effect was observed when zaluzanin C (1) was combined with OTC or AMX against V. harvey or S. iniae, displaying significant reductions of MICs up to 8-fold (0.125 to 0.015 ㎍/mL and 0.0078 to 0.0009 ㎍/mL). In addition, zaluzanin C (1) improved the antibiotic potency of OTC against OTC resistant V. harveyi (250 ㎍/mL to 62.5 ㎍/mL). Synergism between ABTs and phytochemical such as SLs could be a therapeutically helpful concept to improve the efficacy of ABTs and prevent antibiotic resistance. These results suggest that SLs can be used as an alternative to reduce antibiotic resistance in aquaculture.

Monitoring of Antibiotics in the Soil and Sediment Near at the Animal Feeding Operation and Wastewater Treatment Plant

  • Kim, Hye Ri;Park, Saet Byul;Kim, Sung Chul
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제50권4호
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    • pp.285-292
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    • 2017
  • Antibiotics have been used for treating human and animal disease and enhancing growth of cattle, swine, and poultries. However, overused antibiotics can be released into the environment and produce antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment. Main objective of this research was to monitor residual of antibiotics in solid matrix such as manure, wastewater sludge, soil and sediment. Total of six antibiotics, Chlortetracycline (CTC), Oxytetracycline (OTC), Tetracycline (TC), Sulfamethazine (SMT), Sulfamethoxazole (SMX), Sulfathiazole (STZ), used for both human and animal was monitored. Result showed that the detection frequency of 6 antibiotics was ordered SMT (100%) > TC = CTC (75%) > OTC (38%) > STZ (13%) > SMZ (0%) and the highest concentration ($309.83{\mu}g\;kg^{-1}$, SMT) was observed in manure. Comparing residual concentration of antibiotics (TC, CTC, and OTC) in soil and sediment, higher concentration was observed in sediment indicating that dissolved forms of antibiotics are released into river and sorbed into sediment particle. In conclusion, monitoring for residual of antibiotics in the environment is necessary and more research should be conducted to verify the source of antibiotic release.

육류중 잔류 항생물질 및 테트라싸이클린 조사 (Detection of Residual antibiotics and tetracyclines in beef, pork and chicken)

  • 백미순;이영철;심항섭;박병옥;조중현;박유순
    • 한국동물위생학회지
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    • 제20권4호
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    • pp.339-348
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    • 1997
  • The purpose of the survey were determined the residual antibiotics and tetracyclines in beef(n=1,364), pork(n=2,817) and chickens(n=1,921) by the EEC 4-plate method, Charm IIand HPLC. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. The recovery rates in spiked samples were 98.8-107.2% for oxytetracycline(OTC), 33.2-48.6% for tetracycline(TC) and 64.1-72.3% for chlortetracycline(CTC) at 0.05-0.1ppm by HPLC using MSPD. 2. Residues of antibiotic were detected from 10 beef(0.75%) and 36 pork(1.31%) by EEC 4-plate method. In case of chickens were not detected. 3. Twenty-eight from 46 positive samples by the EEC 4-plate method were classified as TCs(60.9 %) by Charm II and TC of 12 samples were detected by HPLC. 4. Ten samples were detected levels of OTC ranging from 0.035 to 0.635 ppm and 3 samples were levels of CTC ranging from 0.066 to 0.150 ppm. OTC and CTC levels in 3 beef and 4 pork samples were exceeded the current tolerance level of 0.1 ppm.

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Effects of two different organic acid blands in olive flounder

  • Park, Gun-Hyun;Lee, Jun-Ho;Yun, Hyeon-Ho;Browdy, Craig L.;Bharadwaj, Anant S.;Bai, Sung-Chul C.
    • 한국유기농업학회지
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    • 제19권spc호
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    • pp.39-42
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    • 2011
  • This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of two different organic acid products as antibiotic replacement in olive flounder paralichthys olivaceus. Fish averaging $3.5{\pm}0.05$ g($mean{\pm}SD$) were fed one of the ten semi-purified diets : Diet 1 ; Control, Diet 2 ; add antibiotics - 50mg OTC/kg body weight/day(OTC), Diet 3 ; Add organic acid bland A(OABA) - 4g/kg diet, Diet 4 ; add organic acid bland B(OABB) - 4g/kg diet for 10 weeks. Total gut microflora counts were significantly higher in the control group compared to the OTC and organic acid groups(P<0.05). Fish fed OABA, OABB and OTC had lower gut Vibrio counts compared to the control, but were not significantly different. Results from the challenge study indicate that mortality in the different treatment groups (50%) was significantly lower than those observed for the control group (100%). There were no differences in mortality between the OTC and organic acid groups. Overall findings from this study indicate that the organic acid blends A and B were as effective as oxytetracycline, an antibiotic, in regulating total gut bacterial numbers, Vibrio counts and providing protection against a pathogen such as Edwardsiella tarda.

Tetracycline계 항생물질들의 활성탄 흡착 및 생물여과 공정에 의한 생분해 특성 (Characteristics of Adsorption and Biodegradation of Tetracycline Antibiotics by Granular Activated Carbon and Biofiltration Process)

  • 손희종;염훈식;류동춘;장성호;손형식
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.379-386
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    • 2014
  • Adsorption and biodegradation performance of tetracycline antibiotic compounds such as ttetracycline (TC), oxytetracycline (OTC), minocycline (MNC), chlortetracycline (CTC), doxycycline (DXC), meclocycline (MCC), demeclocycline (DMC) on granular activated carbon (GAC) and anthracite-biofilter were evaluated in this study. Removal efficiency of seven tetracycline antibiotic compounds showed 54%~97% by GAC adsorption process (EBCT: 5~30 min). The orders of removal efficiency by GAC adsorption were tetracycline, demeclocycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, doxytetracycline, meclocycline and minocycline. Removal efficiencies of seven tetracycline antibiotic compounds showed 1%~61% by anthracite biofiltration process (EBCT: 5~30 min). The highest biodegradable tetracycline antibiotic compound was minocycline, and the worst biodegradable tetracycline antibiotic compounds were oxytetracycline and demeclocycline.