• Toxicological Research
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2001

In order to test the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and $\alpha$-tocopherol on full-thickness skin grafts in rats, we peeformed full-thickness skin grafts bilaterally on rats. After surgery, we analyzed the tissue-concentrations of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase(GPx)/reductase(GPr) on days 0, 2, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21 and 28. The four groups had similar patterns of change in SOD, catalase, GPx and GPr values. SOD increased initially, and was significantly increased at day 7, returning to the preoperative activity level on day 14 (control, HBO, and $\alpha$-tocopherol treated alone) and 28 (HBO plus $\alpha$-tocopherol). Catalase had a similar pattern of change as the SOD enzyme activity, except for the surgical control on day 2. Glutathione peroxidase/reductase activity in the four groups had a similar pat-tern of enzyme activity, with a significant increase from preoperative level on day 4, peaking during days 7 to 10, and returning to preoperative level on day 21(surgical control, HBO, and $\alpha$-tocopherol-treated alone) and 28 (HBO plus $\alpha$-tocopherol treated group). Hence, the clinical use of HBO and $\alpha$-tocopherol mixture can be recommended as an adjunctive treatment for free skin grafts in rats. But, the antioxidant used, its dose, and the timing of its administration, as well as, the exposure time and the pressure of HBO, should be the subject of further research.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제65권2호
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• pp.104-112
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• 2020

본 실험은 옥수수(B73)에서 습해에 대한 생육 특성 변화와 습해 관련 유전자 발현 양상을 조사하여 내습성 옥수수 마커 개발을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 수행되었다. 1. 침수 처리구에서 초장(21.3%), 근장(50.6%), 잎 및 뿌리의 무게(21.6%), 잎의 SPAD 값(55.7%) 및 엽록소 함량(35.3%)은 감소하였고, 뿌리의 ROS의 함량은 2시간까지 46.5% 증가하다가 6시간 후에는 차이가 발생하지 않았다. 2. 뿌리 두께가 대조구에 비해 습해 처리구에서 2.5배이상 증가하였고, 뿌리 피층에 다수의 통기조직이 형성되었다. 3. 통기조직 형성(EXP1)과 에틸렌 생합성에 관련된 유전자(EREBP105) 등 습해 관련 유전자 7개가 습해 처리구에서 2.5배 이상 발현이 증가되는 것을 Microarray 분석을 통해 선별하고 RT-PCR을 통해 확인하였다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.175-184
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• 2022

The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects of Coreopsis lanceolate extract against hydrogen-peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced oxidative damage and cell death in pheochromocytoma 12 (PC12) cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbebzothiazoloine-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activities, as well as the expression levels of proteins associated with oxidative damage and cell death were investigated. According to the results, C. lanceolate extract exhibited inhibitory activity against intracellular ROS generation and cell-damaging effects induced by hydroxyl radicals in a dose-dependent manner. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 22.3 mg·g^-1 gallic acid equivalent and 16.2 mg·g^-1 catechin equivalent, respectively. Additionally, a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay based on the internal standard method used to detect phenolic compounds. The phenolic compounds identified in C. lanceolata extract contained (+)-catechin hydrate (5.0 ± 0.0 mg·g^-1), ferulic acid (1.6 ± 0.0 mg·g^-1), chlorogenic acid (1.5 ± 0.0 mg·g^-1), caffeic acid (1.2 ± 0.0 mg·g-1), naringin (0.9 ± 0.0 mg·g^-1), and p-coumaric acid (0.5 ± 0.0 mg·g^-1). C. lanceolata extract attenuated pro-apoptotic Bax expression levels and enhanced the expression levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, caspase-3, and caspase-9 proteins. Therefore, C. lanceolata is a potential source of materials with neuroprotective properties against neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.541-546
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• 2022

이 연구는 수난 구조 활동에서의 급상승이 활성산소 증가에 미치는 영향을 분석한 것이다. 119구조대원을 상대로 급상승에 따른 활성산소의 변화율을 실험한 연구는 없는 실정으로, 구조대원 인체에 나타나는 증상을 확인하고자 한다. 실험대상자는 5명으로 B, C, E는 잠수 전·후 활성산소 상승 수치가 각각 0.41µmol/L, 0.11µmol/L, 0.87µmol/L로 비슷한 수치를 나타내었다. 그런데, 실험대상자 D는 잠수 전·후 활성산소 상승 수치가 1.41µmol/L로 유의하게 높게 나타났는데, 수중 시계의 불량에서 오는 불안감 증가와 수중구조 활동 후에 급상승 시 피로도 상승에서 기인한 것으로 보인다. 실험대상자 A는 잠수 전·후 활성산소 상승 수치가 0.07 µmol/L로 유의하게 낮게 나타났다. 그 이유는A의 연령이 54세로 실험대상자 중 가장 잠수 경험이 많고, 119구조대원으로서의 풍부한 구조 활동 경험과 능숙한 수중활동이 불량한 시계에서 스트레스를 적게 받은 결과로 보인다. 피로도와 불안감은 4로 둘 다 높은 수치를 나타내었다. 수중활동 시의 심리적 긴장도가 피로도를 높였고, 수중 시야의 혼탁함이 불안감을 올린 것으로 사료된다.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.491-505
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was to develop an algorithm for emergency nursing care of dyspneic patients. Methods: This methodological study was done through reviews of medical records and literatures, checklists of emergency nursing care for dyspneic patients, interviews with nurses, and experts' validity. Results: Firstly, the initial assessment confirmed the identification of airway patency, accessory muscle usage, RR, $SpO_2$, v/s, skin color, and mental status. Immediate emergency care provided oxygen, checked ABG, EKG, and chest X-ray, established a semi-fowler position, maintained IV routes, administered medication orders, and conducted careful monitoring. Secondly, if the patient exhibited $SpO_2$ of less than 90%, the nurse considered the patient's condition to be aggravated. Thirdly, if the patient showed improvement of more than 90% $SpO_2$, the nurse administered secondary assessment and carried out specific nursing care. However, if the patient continuously showed $SpO_2$ of less than 80%, the nurse assisted the intubation and then executed ventilator therapy. Conclusions: This study suggests that the algorithm is an effective decision tool and utilizing the algorithm is expected to improve the emergency nursing care for dyspneic patients.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.542-551
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was done to examine the incidence of oral mucositis in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients and to identify factors influencing oral mucositis and patient outcomes according to severity. Methods: In this retrospective study, data were collected from electronic medical records of 222 patients who had received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Oral mucositis was evaluated using WHO's assessment scale. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test, Fisher exact test, Spearman's correlation, Ordinal logistic regression, ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: A total of 69.8% of the patients evaluated developed oral mucositis (grade II and over). As a results of ordinal regression, factors influencing oral mucositis severity were found to be diagnosis, type of transplantation, oxygen inhalation and the number of antiemetics administration before transplantation. The severity of oral mucositis was found to increase the days of hospitalization, days of TPN administration, days of using antibiotics and the number and dosage of analgesics. Conclusion: The results would help predict severity of oral mucositis in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients and suggest that provision of appropriate nursing assessment and oral care would improve patient outcomes.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.225-231
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• 2009

The present study deals with the amelioration by Lagerstroemia speciosa Linn. leaf extract against hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$), which was evaluated in terms of serum marker enzymes like serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, serum total bilirubin, total protein levels along with concomitant hepatic and antioxidants like superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and lipid peroxidation enzymes were monitored. These biochemical parameters altered by the single dose level of $CCl_4$ (0.75 ml/kg body weight, i.p). Pre treatment with L. speciosa prior to the administration of $CCl_4$, at the doses of 50 and 250 mg/kg. body weight/day, p.o. for 7 days, significantly restored all the serum and liver tissue parameters near to the normal levels, respectively. Silymarin was used as a reference standard, prior to the administration of $CCl_4$ to rats. These findings indicate the protective potential of L. speciosa against hepato toxicity which possibly involve mechanism related to its ability of selective inhibitors of (reactive oxygen species like antioxidants brought about significant inhibition of TBARS suggesting possible involvement of $O_2{\cdot}-$, $HO_2{\cdot}$, and ${\cdot}OH$. In conclusion, the amelioration may be attributed to the synergistic effects of its constituents rather than to any single factor as the leaves are rich in tannins, sterols, flavonoids, saponins etc.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.11-26
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• 2003

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid deposition and associated loss of neunons in brain regions involved in learning and memory processes. Several causes of evidence support that the congnitive disturbance is closed associated with the deficit of cerebral acetylcholine neurotransmission, and the effect of carboxyl terminal 105 amino acid fragment (CT105) of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) on the gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines. We tested it on the scopolamine-induced amnesia model of the ICR mouse using the Morris water maze with repeated orally administration of 1st Green-Tea extract (200 mg/kg) and 2nd Green-Tea extract (200 mg/kg). The Green-Tea prevents impairment of learning and memory and neuronal loss in mouse models of cognitive disturbance and it demonstrated selectivity for inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Furthermore, the repeated administration of Green-Tea, CT105-induced alzheimer's mouse model showed central cholinergic activity by ameliorates learning and memory impairment, and isolation of CD14 microglia showed significantly decreases intracellular release of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, interleukin-$1{\beta}$ and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Because of its composite profile, oral therapeutic index and a prophylactic, Green-Tea is considered the better therapeutic candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.145-149
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• 2019

Previous report has suggested that the albumin levels were reduced in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and consequently oxidative stress was elevated in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats as albumin is the predominant antioxidant in plasma. In this study, we suggest that the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$) were increased by approximately 3.4- and 2.9-fold, respectively, in the serum of STZ-diabetic rats, compared to those of normal rat. In addition to the cytokines, the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) were also about 3.6-fold higher, indicating that STZ induced a pro-inflammatory response in rat blood. However, when purified rat albumin was externally co-administrated with STZ through the tail vein, the serum levels of IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$, and CRP were markedly reduced, although the values were still higher than those of normal (non-diabetic) rats. Albumin administration also decreased STZ-induced oxidative stress in serum and PBMCs. Moreover, the decrease in cytokine and CRP levels was dependent on the dose of injected albumin. These results suggest that STZ-induced pro-inflammation and oxidative stress in rat blood might be attenuated by treatment with exogenous albumin.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제65권1호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2022

Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation play important roles in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study investigated the protective effects of paeoniflorin (PF) against neuronal oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mice. The brains of LPS-injected control group showed significantly increased neuroinflammation by activating the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway and increasing inflammatory mediators. However, administration of PF significantly attenuated oxidative stress by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide levels, and reactive oxygen species production in the brain; PF at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg/day downregulated the expression of NF-κB pathway-related proteins and significantly decreased inflammatory mediators including inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. Moreover, the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor, tropomycin receptor kinase B, were significantly increased in PF-treated mice. Furthermore, acetylcholinesterase activity and the ration of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)/Bcl-2 associated X were significantly reduced by PF in the brains of LPS-induced mice, resulting in the inhibition of cholinergic dysfunction and neuronal apoptosis. Thus, we can conclude that administration of PF to mice prevents the development of LPS-induced AD pathology through the inhibition of neuronal oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, suggesting that PF has a therapeutic potential for AD.