• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.265-267
• /
• 1998

Cattle in Alaska seemed to be tolerant to low blood selenium (Se) although arctic winter energy demands might exacerbate oxidative damage to tissues lacking protection by Se. The thermogenic properities of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and the long cold adaptation period for Alaskan cattle indicates that they might develop BAT. Eighteen mature beef cows with whole blood Se of< 19 ppb were used to examine possible relation-ships among Se deficiency, tissue lesions, and observable BAT. All cows were wintered on a diet low in Se and nine cows were given supplemental Se provided by intraruminal bolus. Blood Se was elevated (p < .05) from November through February by supplemental Se, but body weight and back fat thickness were unaffected (p < .10). Tissues were taken from two Se deficient cows, two cows supplemented with Se, and two cows given large doses of Se (300 mg by injection) four weeks before slaughter. Histopathological examination of 187 samples of fat (7 to 55 from each cow) showed no observable amount of BAT. Examination of other tissues showed no lesions attributable to Se deficiency.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.221-224
• /
• 1997

Effects of melatonin on hepatic glutathione-peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione-reductase (GSH-reductase) activities were studied in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats administered i.p. (10 mg/kg body weight) with melatonin during 15 days. The activity of cytosolic GSH-reductase in the liver was not changed by melatonin. However, melatonin injection increased significantly the activity of liver cytosolic GSH-Px activity compared with those in saline-treated rats. At the same time, plasma GSH-Px was also increased significantly in melatonin-treated rats. Since GSH-Px, a major antioxidative enzyme, removes $H_2O_2$ and lipid peroxides which are formed during lipid peroxidation from cellular membrane, such elevation of heptatic GSH-Px activity may contribute to the improvement of antioxidative effects under oxidative damage in the liver.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제27권11호
• /
• pp.1161-1167
• /
• 2004

Adriblastina, a cancerostatic anthracycline antibiotic, causes considerable oxidative damage to DNA molecules. The interaction of this compound with DNA was investigated using Osteryoung square wave stripping voltammetry (OSWSV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) at an in situ mercury film electrode. It was found that the equilibrium constant of the bonded oxidized form of the drug was 63 times bigger more important than that of the bonded reduced form. Copper forms 1 metal: 2 drug stoichiometry complex which is highly stable compared to ssDNA-drug interaction and consequently inhibited the drug biochemical damaging effects. Copper complex offered sub-nanogram determination of adriblastina in aqueous and urine media.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.115-130
• /
• 2003

Idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) represents a common neurodegenerative disorder. While epidemiological studies have suggested a number of risk factors including age, gender, race, and inherited disorder, the cumulative evidence supports the view that environmental or occupational exposure to certain chemicals may contribute to the initiation and progress of Parkinsonism. More recently, clinical and laboratory investigations have led to the theory that dysregulation of iron, an essential metal to body function, may underlie IPD by initiating free radical reaction, diminishing the mitochondrial energy production, and provoking the oxidative cytotoxicity. The participation of iron in neuronal cell death is especially intriguing in that iron acquisition and regulation in brain are highly conservative and thus vulnerable to interference from other metals that bear the similar chemical reactivity. Manganese neurotoxicity, induced possibly by altering iron homeostasis, is such an example. In fact, the current interest in manganese neurotoxicology stems from two primary concerns: its clinical symptoms that resemble Parkinson's disease and its increased use as an antiknock agent to replace lead in gasoline. This article will commence with addressing the current understanding of iron-associated neurodegenerative damage. The major focus will then be devoted to the mechanism whereby manganese alters iron homeostasis in brain.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.134-137
• /
• 2006

Four lignan compounds including gomisin J (1), schizandrin (2), gomisin A (3), and angeloyl gomisin H (4) have been isolated from the MeOH extract of Schizandra chinensis fruits. The evaluation for protective effect of compounds 1-4 against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced cytotoxicity in hippocampal HT22 cell line was conducted. Compound 1 showed significant protective effect with an $EC_{50}$ value of $43.3{\pm}2.3\;{\mu}M$, whereas compounds 2-4 were inactive. Trolox, one of the well-known antioxidant, used as a positive control, and also showed protective effect with an $EC_{50}$ value of $213.8{\pm}8.4\;{\mu}M$. These results suggest that compound 1 may possess the neuroprotective activity against oxidant-induced cellular injuries.

• 한국식품저장유통학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국식품저장유통학회 2007년도 학술발표회
• /
• pp.65-72
• /
• 2007

Phytochemicals have long been known to hold a number of physiological benefits, including antioxidant, anticardiovascular activities and anticancer. The profitable effects of phytochemicals from food sources such as vegetables and fruits, with respect to neurodegeneration, are only beginning to receive increased attention. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the major neurodegenerative diseases for which no treatment is available, and characterized by loss of cognition and memory. Many recent studies show that the brain of AD patient is subjected to increased oxidative stress resulting from free radical damage, and the resulting cellular malfunctions are widely believed to be responsible for neuronal degeneration in AD. In this study, the relative relation between AD and phytochemicals were surveyed.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.145-149
• /
• 2010

This study investigated the antioxidant effects of ginseng coffee in L6 muscle cells. Ginseng coffee was prepared by coating and digesting coffee beans with ginseng concentrate. The ginseng coffee water extract potently protected against hydrogen peroxide-induced L6 cell death and adenosine triphosphate reduction in a dose-dependent manner; in fact, these cytoprotective effects were significantly greater than those of normal coffee. However, ginseng coffee did not exhibit significant radical scavenging or catalase-like activity. These results suggest that ginseng coffee might act as a cytoprotective agent in muscles, but that the protective effects are not due to a direct radical-reduction property but rather to another intracellular signaling factor.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.278-284
• /
• 2006

The beneficial effects of digested onion extracts have been assessed by antimutagenic and anticancer activities by Ames test and SRB test. The total phenolic acids and flavonoids in onion extracts were determined. Red and yellow onions contain more phenolic acids and flavonoids than those in the white onion. Digested, extracts showed antimutagenic activity and anticancer activity, and it appears that the antimutagenic activity of digested extracts of onion against mutagens and anticancer activities were related to their phenols and flavonoids contents. Moreover, the extracts inhibited the proliferation of four human tumorigenic cell lines such as HT-29 (colon), MCF-7 (breast), DU-145 (prostate) and HepG2 (liver), in a dose-dependent manner. Phenolic acids and flavonoids caused oxidative damage to the cancer cell lines and induced apoptosis. Generally, red onion extracts showed effective antimutagenic and anticancer activity, and the digested red onion extracts elicited stronger antimutagenic activity than those of the onion extracts without digestion.

• 식품산업과 영양
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.44-50
• /
• 2007

양파(노란색, 붉은색, 흰색)의 열수 추출물이 DNCB로 감작된 4주령 BALB/c mouse 암컷에 유도된 접촉성 피부염의 억제효과를 조사하였다. 림프절, 비장 및 흉선의 무게는 양파 투여군이 DNCB 대조군보다는 낮게 나타났다. 양파 추출물을 투여한 군에서 귀의 무게는 양파 추출물의 농도가 높을수록 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 대조군과 비교하여 무게에 함량 변화가 있었다. 양파추출물을 1,000 mg/kg 농도로 투여하면 귀의 무게는 대조군과 유사한 수준까지 낮아졌으며, 귀의 두께는 양파추출물을 투여한 군에서 시간이 경과할수록 두께가 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. MDA 함량은 DNCB대조군과 양파 투여군을 비교하였을 경우에, 간 조직에서 차이가 나타나지 않았으나, 염증이 발생한 귀 조직에서는 차이가 나타났으며, NO 함량은 모든 양파그룹에서 염증이 억제되어 대조군에 유사하게 측정되었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권14호
• /
• pp.5501-5508
• /
• 2014

Luteolin, 3', 4', 5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone, belongs to a group of naturally occurring compounds called flavonoids that are found widely in the plant kingdom. It possesses many beneficial properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic and anti-proliferative actions. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Many signaling pathways are deregulated during the progression of colon cancer. In this review we aimed to analyze the protection offered by luteolin on colon cancer. During colon cancer genesis, luteolin known to reduce oxidative stress thereby protects the cell to undergo damage in vivo. Wnt/${\beta}$-catenin signaling, deregulated during neoplastic development, is modified by luteolin. Hence, luteolin can be considered as a potential drug to treat CRC.