• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2021

Being the origin of Shanghai City, the Old Town presents a high-density spatial texture, a characteristic of local living conditions in the Shanghai context. However, the Old Town is faced with competing interests: the preservation of historic urban features and the improvement of contemporary living conditions. In view of its high density and poor living conditions, this paper focuses on two types of blocks for urban design research, and proposes two spatial regeneration strategies, as "overlapping lilong" and "texture continuity". It is expected to inherit the regional characteristics of urban space, improve the plot ratio and supplement the mix of functions, through the translation of the traditional lilong typology and the reproduction of historical streets and alleys, so as to provide operable spatial strategies and design methods for the organic renewal of Old Town and other historic districts.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.695-699
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose an automatic prostate segmentation technique using image intensity and gradient information. Our method is composed of four steps. First, rays at regular intervals are generated. To minimize the effect of noise, the start and end positions of the ray are calculated. Second, the profiles on each ray are sorted based on the gradient. And priorities are applied to the sorted gradient in the profile. Third, boundary points are extracted by using gradient priority and intensity distribution. Finally, to reduce the error, the extracted boundary points are corrected by using B-spline interpolation. For accuracy evaluation, the average distance differences and overlapping region ratio between results of manual and automatic segmentations are calculated. As the experimental results, the average distance difference error and standard deviation were 1.09mm $\pm0.20mm$. And the overlapping region ratio was 92%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.167-178
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• 2008

Despite the fact that chogakpos are part of our wonderful Kyubang(the women's quarters in the Chosun Dynasty) culture with their own unique beauty and artistic values, there has been no scientific and objective proof of their aesthetic values. Once they are proved for their beauty through scientific analysis, they will be recognized worldwide along with our unique culture. The methodology included a review of related literature and theses along with magazines, periodicals, and Internet books. The analysis of lines parting, the dimensions of chogakpos were carried out over 108 pieces introduced in Old Pojagis by Heo Dong-hwa. As for line parting, the dimensions of chogakpos were measured to see if the golden and Geumgang ratio could be applied and to discover their unique partition ratio. As a result, there was the presence of the golden ratio applied to them with the golden curves from golden triangles and rectangles also found therein. The Yeoijumunbo confirmed that there was the golden ratio between the radius of a circle and a side of a regular decagon inscribed in the circle. The common line ratio among the squares, isosceles triangles, wanes, and overlapping rectangles was around 1:1.31, which means that there was a unique line ratio in the traditional chogakpos. Furthermore, the ratio of 1:1.31 was close to the Geumgang ratio commonly used in the traditional buildings of Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.193-198
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• 2006

Among 242 Hyperion bands, there are 46 bands that contain completely no information and some other bands with various kinds of noise. It is mainly due to the atmosphenc absorption and the low signal-to-noise ratio. The visual inspection for selecting clean and stable bands is a simple practice, but is a manual, inefficient, and subjective Process. Though uncalibrated, overlapping, and all deep water absorption bands are removed, there still exist noisy bands. In this paper, we propose that the extrema ratio be measured for noise estimation and the unsupervised band selection be performed using the Expectation-Maximization algorithm. The Hyperion data were classified into 5 categories according to the image quality by visual inspection, and used as the reference data. The accuracy of the proposed method was compared with signal-to-noise ranking and entropy ranking. As a result, the proposed mettled was effective as preprocessing step for band selection.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.1124-1134
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• 2016

The tone reservation method is one of the most effective pre-distortion methods for peak-to-average power ratio reduction in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Its direct application to OFDM systems with offset quadrature amplitude modulation (OQAM) is, however, not effective. In this paper, two novel TR-based methods are proposed, specifically designed for OFDM/OQAM systems by taking into consideration the overlapping nature of OQAM signals. These two methods have different approaches to the generation of the peak-cancelling signal. The first one (overlapped scaling tone reservation) generates the peak-cancelling signal using a least squares approximation algorithm with possible adjacent symbol overlap; the second one (multi-kernel tone reservation) generates the peak-cancelling signal by using multiple impulse-like time domain kernels. It is shown by simulation that, when used in OFDM/OQAM systems, the proposed methods can provide better performance than the direct application of the existing controlled clipping tone reservation method, and even outperform the multi-block tone reservation method.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1994.02b
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• pp.154-157
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• 1994

The evaluation of diagnostic tests attempts to obtain one or more statistical parameters which can indicate the intrinsic diagnostic utility of a test. Sensitivity. specificity and predictive value are not appropriate for this use. The likelihood ratio has been proposed as a useful measure when using a test to diagnose one of two disease states (e.g. disease present or absent). In this paper, we generalize the likelihood ratio concept to a situation in which the goal is to diagnose one of several non-overlapping disease states. A formula is derived to determine the post-test probability of a specific disease state. The post-test odds are shown to be related to the pre-test odds of a disease and to the usual likelihood ratios derived from considering the diagnosis between the target diagnosis and each alternate in turn. Hence, likelihood ratios derived from comparing pairs of diseases can be used to determine test utility in a multiple disease diagnostic situation.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.11 no.1 s.30
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• pp.3-14
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• 2006

Music summarization means a technique which automatically generates the most importantand representative a part or parts ill music content. The techniques of music summarization have been studied with two categories according to summary characteristics. The first one is that the repeated part is provided as music summary and the second provides the combined segments which consist of segments with different characteristics as music summary in music content In this paper, we propose and evaluate two kinds of music summarization techniques. The algorithm using multi-level vector quantization which provides a repeated part as music summary gives fixed-length music summary is evaluated by overlapping ration between hand-made repeated parts and automatically generated summary. As results, the overlapping ratios of conventional methods are 42.2% and 47.4%, but that of proposed method with fixed-length summary is 67.1%. Optimal length music summary is evaluated by the portion of overlapping between summary and repeated part which is different length according to music content and the result shows that automatically-generated summary expresses more effective part than fixed-length summary with optimal length. The cluster-based algorithm using 2-D similarity matrix and k-means algorithm provides the combined segments as music summary. In order to evaluate this algorithm, we use MOS test consisting of two questions(How many similar segments are in summarized music? How many segments are included in same structure?) and the results show good performance.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.113-124
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• 2014

Recently landslide occurs frequently by heavy rainfall, therefore there area many studies to analyze the vulnerable district of landslide and forecast the occurrence of landslide. This study analyzed soil characteristics in the occurrence district of landslide and the occurrence possibility of landslide ranked high in well draining soil as the result of frequency ratio according to the characteristics of drainage. Also as the result of frequency ratio of slope derived from DEM data, the occurrence possibility of landslide ranked high in slope range of $20{\sim}40^{\circ}$. And Also as the result of frequency ratio of aspect by geospatial analysis, the occurrence possibility of landslide ranked high in north aspect. Also, it is possible to evaluate the vulnerability of landslide by overlapping frequency ratio of the drainage of soil, slope and aspect. And future prediction ratio of landslide occurrence can be evaluated by performing the analysis and validation process respectively on the subject of the occurrence district of landslide.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.710-715
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• 2016

Due to its simplicity and high reliability, the box-counting(BC) method is one of the most frequently used techniques to estimate the fractal dimensions of a binary image with a self-similarity property. The fractal calculation requires data sampling that determines the size of boxes to be sampled from the given image and directly affects the accuracy of the fractal dimension estimation. There are three non-overlapping regular grid methods: geometric-step method, arithmetic-step method and divisor-step method. These methods have some drawbacks when the image size M becomes large. This paper presents a BC algorithm for enhancing the accuracy of the fractal dimension estimation based on a new sampling method. Instead of using the geometric-step method, the new sampling method, called the coverage ratio-step method, selects the number of steps according to the coverage ratio. A set of experiments using well-known fractal images showed that the proposed method outperforms the existing BC method and the triangular BC method.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.63-76
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• 2009

A study on the interference effects of overlapping tandem rotors in forward flight is conducted using the time-marching free-wake panel method which adopts field velocity boundary integral formulation. The conventional boundary integral formulation is numerically unstable for the cases when the blade and the wake are in close proximity to each other. In order to avoid this problem, this study applies the field velocity method and modifies the boundary integration formulation. The improved method is used for the parametric study on the advance ratio and the distance between the rotors. These are the parameters that most affect the interference of the tandem rotor in forward flight. Comparison of the aerodynamic performance shows that the horizontal distance between the rotors negligibly influences the overlap-induced power factor for high advance ratio. In addition, it shows that the overlap-induced power factor is inversely proportional to the squared vertical distance between the rotors, and that the overlap-induced power factor increases to a certain extent and decrease back as the advance ratio increases.