• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.485-492
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• 2016

For reporting national greenhouse gas inventory in forest sector, the forest growing stock from the National Forest Inventory (NFI) system has used as activity data sources. The National Forest Inventory system was changed from rotation system by province to annual system by 5 years across the country. The forest growing stocks based on the new inventory system produced a different trend compared to the previous estimations. This study was implemented to recalculate previous forest growing stocks for time series consistency at a national level. The recalculation of forest growing stock was conducted in an overlap approach by the IPCC guideline. In order to support the more consistency data, we used calibration factors between applied stand volumes in 1985 and 2012, respectively. As a result, the time series of recalculated forest growing stock was to be consistency using the overlap approach and the calibration factor with the lower middle/middle site index. According to the applied overlap period, however, we will recalculate activity data using more complete data from national forest inventory system.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.219-223
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• 2008

해양에서 관측되는 해양지구물리 탐사자료에는 위치오차, 기기오차, 관측오차, 해상 상태 등 다양한 원인에 기인하는 오차가 포함되어 있다. 이에 의해 한 기관에서 해양지구물리 탐사 자료를 취득할 때나 여러 기관에서 취득된 해양지구물리 탐사자료를 취합할 때 많은 교차점오차가 발생하고, 이러한 교차점오차는 부적절한 해석을 야기하는 인위적인 이 상대를 만든다. 교차점오차를 줄이기 위한 다양한 방법들이 제시되었지만, 이들 대부분의 방법들은 교차점을 찾기 위해 각각의 점자료(point data) 혹은 선분자료(segment data)를 모두 비교함으로써, 불필요하게 많은 계산시간을 요구하게 된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 중복구역나눔 방법을 도입하여 빠르게 교차점을 찾고, 가중치선형내삽 방법을 이용하여 교차점오차를 보정하는 포트란(FORTRAN) 프로그램 (FastXcorr)을 개발하였다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.273-278
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• 2017

This paper is to study a technique to detect the real-time route aberrance on the passage route using bumper area of the ship domain theory. In order to evaluate the risk of route aberrance, a quarter line was created between the center line and the outer line, and a passage route with the image line outside the outer line was designed. It calculated the real-time route aberrance with the vessel bumper area to measure the risk level on the passage route. The route aberrance using overlap bumper area was simulated through three kinds of scenario vessel at the designed passage route. In this paper, we proposed Ratio to Aberrance Risk as one of the evaluation parameter to detect the route aberrance risk at each sector in the passage route and to give the evaluation criteria of 5 levels for seafarer's navigation safety. The purpose of this work is to provide the information of the route aberrance to seafarer automatically, to make it possible to prevent the human errors of seafarer on the high risk aberrance route. As the real-time risk of route aberrance on the passage route is automatically evaluated, it was well thought that seafarer can have only a little workload in order to know the risk of route aberrance at early-time. Following the further development of this work, the techniques for detecting the real-time route aberrance will be able to use the unmanned vessel.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.83-103
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• 2024

Adhesive bonding is currently widely used in many industrial fields, particularly in the aeronautics sector. Despite its advantages over mechanical joints such as riveting and welding, adhesive bonding is mostly used for secondary structures due to its low peel strength; especially if it is simultaneously exposed to temperature and humidity; and often presence of bonding defects. In fact, during joint preparation, several types of defects can be introduced into the adhesive layer such as air bubbles, cavities, or cracks, which induce stress concentrations potentially leading to premature failure. Indeed, the presence of defects in the adhesive joint has a significant effect on adhesive stresses, which emphasizes the need for a good surface treatment. The research in this field is aimed at minimizing the stresses in the adhesive joint at its free edges by geometric modifications of the ovelapping part and/or by changing the nature of the substrates. In this study, the finite element method is used to describe the mechanical behavior of bonded joints. Thus, a three-dimensional model is made to analyze the effect of defects in the adhesive joint at areas of high stress concentrations. The analysis consists of estimating the different stresses in an adhesive joint between two 2024-T3 aluminum plates. Two types of single lap joints(SLJ) were analyzed: a standard SLJ and another modified by removing 0.2 mm of material from the thickness of one plate along the overlap length, taking into account several factors such as the applied load, shape, size and position of the defect. The obtained results clearly show that the presence of a bonding defect significantly affects stresses in the adhesive joint, which become important if the joint is subjected to a higher applied load. On the other hand, the geometric modification made to the plate considerably reduces the various stresses in the adhesive joint even in the presence of a bonding defect.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2008

For the domestic digital contents, it is particularly important that the planning and mediating functions should cover the whole Industries so that dividends and assistance to reach all the way back to the primary contents-creating level, where economic risks are especially high. A proactive cooperation system or framework between the government, the businesses and research institutions, which would allow for free flow of interaction among these players, can play that role. We can broadly define cooperation frameworks into two; one between the central and the local governments and another among private-sector groups, such as companies, associations and groups. These players in the framework have differing, sometimes, conflicting views regarding the digital contents industry whether the digital contents should aim for skilled applicability or the abstract or whether the emphasis should rest on public interest or profitability. Immature competition and lack of trust among these players also give rise to such inefficiencies as overlap in investments, inexpertness and inefficient use of resources. We have proposed and realized the National Integrated Cooperation System to bridge these gaps among the major players in the industry. The National Integrated Cooperation System rests on the following major functions. The first major function of the NICS is to decipher any ambiguity that may be embedded in external Inputs by stratified role and bias. The second function is to create cooperative groups that will deal with the ambiguities based on its consequent situation. The third is a feedback function that will draw out a new cooperative way by re-feeding the capacities and the conflicts that stem from the existing organizations and strategies into cooperation and adjustment process. Our NICS has compared and evaluated with England and Australia digital content industry models under AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) method. NICS has turned out to be well designed and have strong points based on OECD innovation and cooperation criteria.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제19권
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• pp.7-36
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• 2002

본 논문의 목적은 인터넷방송 콘텐츠의 산업적 가능성을 모색해 보기 위해서 기존의 텔레비전 프로그램과 비교하여 어떠한 특성이 나타나는지를 살펴보고자 한다. 본 논문에서는 두 매체의 프로그램간 유사성과 차이점을 분명하게 나타내 보기 위하여 층족적소이론(Niche theory)을 적용하여 보고자 한다. 연구결과, 첫째, 대부분의 장르에서 인터넷방송이 텔레비전보다 적소폭이 좁다는 결과가 도출되었다. 둘째, 교육 장르의 중복값 평균이 가장 높았고, 그 다음은 교양, 오락 순이어서 비교적 다른 장르에 비해서 경쟁적인 관계가 아닌 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 이상의 새 장르를 제외한 6개는 비슷한 정도의 경쟁관자로 형성하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 경쟁적 우위성 분석 결과에서는 인터넷방송이 우위성을 확보하고 있는 기능은 유일하게 음악의 개인적 정보습득 기능이었다. 전체적으로 아직까지는 텔레비전이 인터넷방송에 비해서 경쟁적인 매체가 아니라는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그러므로 인터넷방송은 텔레비전과는 다른 새로운 포맷 개발이 필요하다고 할 수 있겠다.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2019

Since its adoption by the transportation sector in the early 1990s, partnering has been broadly used with the traditional delivery method by many agencies with significant reported benefits. During the same era, a number of transportation agencies (DOTs) started experimenting with a wide variety of alternative project delivery methods (APDMs) aimed at improving the delivery of highway construction projects. The effect of collaborative working strategies such as partnering, together with the APDMs have become somehow interrelated posing a potential challenge on how to effectively integrate partnering as a concept in the APDMs. The salient question has been if the collaborative nature of these APDMs has affected how partnering is being used by state DOTs. Through an extensive literature review, analysis of 32 CMGC RFPs/RFQs and review of three CMGC case studies, the study found that there is limited information in state DOT documents that show procedures on the usage of partnering with CMGC projects. Majority of DOTs are relying on the inherent nature of the CMGC contract to promote healthy collaborative practices and there is the need to consider partnering during preconstruction and construction separately to cater for any personnel change over. The study also revealed that partnering may become less important at the construction phase due to overlap between partnering and CMGC practices. In support of this finding, a CMGC partnering model was developed that can be adopted by DOTs. This paper contributes to both research and practice by expanding the existing knowledge on partnering on APDMs.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.26-41
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to improve the Original DRASTIC Model (ODM) for the assessment of groundwater contamination vulnerability on the GIS platform. Miryang City of urban and rural features was selected for the study area to accomplish the research purpose. Advanced DRASTIC Model (ADM) was developed adding two more DRASTIC factors of lineament density and landuse to ODM. The fuzzy logic was also applied to ODM and ADM to improve their ability in evaluating the groundwater contamination vulnerability. Although the vulnerability map of ADM was a little simpler than that of ODM, it increased the area of the low vulnerability sector. The groundwater vulnerability maps of ODM and ADM using DRASTIC Indices represented the more detailed descriptions than those from the overlap of thematic maps, and their qualities were improved by the application of fuzzy technique. The vulnerability maps of ODM, ADM and FDM was evaluated by NO3-N concentrations in the study area. It was proved that ADM including lineament density and landuse factors produced a more reliable groundwater vulnerability map, and fuzzy ADM (FDM) made the best detailed groundwater vulnerability map with the significant statistical results.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국디지털정책학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.379-390
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• 2006

For the domestic digital contents, it is particularly important that the planning and mediating functions should cover the whole industries so that in order for dividends and assistance to reach all the way back to the primary contents-creating level, where economic risks are especially high. A proactive cooperation system or framework between the government, the businesses and research institutions, which would allow for free flow of interaction among these players, can play that role. We can broadly define cooperation frameworks into two; one between the central and the local governments and one among private-sector groups, such as companies, associations and groups. These player sin the framework have differing, sometimes, conflicting views regarding the digital contents industry whether the digital contents should aim for skilled applicability or the abstract or whether the emphasis should rest on public interest or profitability. Immature competition and lack of trust among these players also give rise to such inefficiencies as overlap in investments, inexpertness and inefficient use of resources. We have proposed and realized the National Integrated Cooperation System to bridge these gaps among the major players in the industry. The National Integrated Cooperation System rests on the following major functions. The first major function of the NICS is to decipher any ambiguity that may be embedded in external inputs by stratified role and bias. The second function is to create cooperative groups that will deal with the ambiguities based on its consequent situation. The third is a feedback function that will draw out a new cooperative way by re-feeding the capacities and the conflicts that stem from the existing organizations and strategies into cooperation and adjustment process. Our NICS has compared and evaluated with England and Australia digital content industry models under AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) method. NICS has turned out to be well designed and have strong points based on OECD innovation and cooperation criteria.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.247-255
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• 2021

울산항 정박지는 정박지 수요 대비 충분한 넓이의 면적이 확보되어 있지 않으나 이를 객관적으로 평가할 수 있는 기준이 명확하게 정의되어 있지 않은 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 현행 정박지 밀집도와 가동률 개념의 문제점을 개선한 일반식과 정박지 적정성 평가를 위한 새로운 평가 기준을 제안하였다. 그리고 이 기준을 울산항 E 정박지에 적용하여 정박지 규모의 적정성을 평가하였다. 울산항 E1 정박지의 밀집도와 가동률은 각각 129 %, 122 %로 두 평가 기법 모두 100 %를 초과하는 것으로 나타나 평가 기준에 따라 정박지 확장이 필요한 것으로 분석되었다. 이에 울산항 입출항 선박의 통항 패턴과 도선지점과의 거리를 고려하여 울산항 제1항로 끝단에서 부채꼴 모양으로 35도를 개방한 정박지 확장 방안을 제시하였고, 해상교통 항적도, 정박지 밀집도, 그리고 가동률 평가 기준을 적용하여 적정성을 검증하였다. 검증 결과 울산항 E3 정박지 남측의 확장 해역과 해상교통 항적이 일부 겹치는 부분은 존재하나 매우 미미하여 해상교통에 영향을 미칠 가능성은 희박한 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 정박지 모두에서 정박지 규모의 적정성이 확보되었음을 확인하였다.