• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.44-53
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• 2008

The purpose of this preliminary study was to develop a measurement for assessing risk factors for falling in community-dwelling elderly persons. Rasch analysis and principal component analysis were performed to examine whether items on the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC), assessing self-efficacy, and items on the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), assessing balance function, contribute jointly to a unidimensional construct in the elderly. A total of 35 elderly persons (4 men, 31 women) participated. In this study, each item of ABC (16 items) and BBS (14 items) was scored on a 5-point ordinal rating scale from 0 to 4. The initial Rasch and principal component analysis indicated that 3 of the ABC items and 2 of the BBS items were misfit for this study. These 5 items were excluded from further study. After combining ABC and BBS, Rasch and principal component analyses were examined and finally 23 items selected; 12 items from ABC, 11 items from BBS. The 23 combined ABC-BBC items were arranged in order of difficulty. The hardest item was 'walk outside on icy sidewalks' and the easiest item was 'pivot transfer'. Although structural calibration of each 5 rating scale categories was not ordered, the other three essential criteria of Linacre's optimal rating scale were satisfied. Overall, the ABC-BBS showed sound item psychometric properties. Each of the 5 rating scale categories appeared to distinctly identify subjects at different ability levels. The findings of this study support that the new ABC-BBS scale measure balance function and self-efficacy. It will be a clinically useful assessment of risk factors for falling in the elderly. However, the number of subjects was too small to generalize our results. Further study is needed to develop a new assessment considering more risk factors of falling in elderly.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2013

Objectives There is a controversy regarding the construct validity of anxiety and depression. Some believe that these two symptoms are basically the same construct, that is, both measure what is called 'general distress' or two phenomena are distinct experiences which often coexist. To further understand relationship between anxiety and depressive symptoms, we investigated the factor structure of a combined anxiety and depression scale among psychiatric outpatients. Methods Data of Zung's Self-Rating Depression and Anxiety Scales were gathered from 401 newly visiting psychiatric outpatients at a university-affiliated hospital. We performed a component analysis on the 40 items from two scales. Results Exploratory factor analysis revealed a seven factor structure explaining 56% of total variance. Overall finding indicated that depression and anxiety scales consisted of four symptom domains : mainly depressive symptoms, mainly anxiety symptoms, common somatic symptoms, and others. Conclusions Our results suggest that the construct of self-reported depressive and anxiety symptoms are more complex than previously thought, i.e., either one or two factor theories. These findings also support that anxiety and depression can be better modeled by dimensional approach. Clinicians may be alert for the fact that both depression and anxiety scales measure distinct and also common aspects. Further researches on other scales especially, interview based instruments are needed.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.199-206
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• 2021

Objectives : This study aimed to compare the characteristics of suicide attempts among Korean patients with mixed and non-mixed depression. Methods : Patients who visited the emergency room due to a suicide attempt and participated in the Korean Cohort for the Model Predicting a Suicide and Suicide-related Behavior study were included. Using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), 111 patients were classified into the mixed depression (n=46) and non-mixed depression groups (n=65). The Koukopoulos Mixed Depression Rating Scale (KMDRS) score was calculated using the MADRS and YMRS scores. Suicide attempt characteristics were evaluated using the Columbia Suicidal Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) and Suicide Intent Scale (SIS). Results : In the mixed depression group, the reason item among the ideation intensity score of the C-SSRS was higher, and the deterrent item score was lower. Scores on the timing and suicide note items of the SIS were higher, and scores for overt communication items were lower in the mixed depression group. The KMDRS score was positively correlated with the C-SSRS ideation intensity and total SIS score. After adjusting for additional variables, the KMDRS scores had a significant effect on the C-SSRS ideation intensity and total SIS scores. Conclusions : The mixed depression group showed a difference in the intensity of suicidal ideation and suicidal intention compared to those in the non-mixed depression group. The overall suicidal ideation intensity and suicidal intention increased according to the degree of mixed depression.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.347-351
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to suggest the Assessment model for tourist information center in Seoul. As a research method, we analyzed international guideline and interview with tourism experts in order to rate the tourist centers in Seoul. Secondly, we renamed the international rating model to Itaewon information center as a typical landmark in Seoul. The assessment factors for T.I.C is assembled through researching of the centers' status in terms of overall service satisfaction. Via in - depth interview with 9 visitors, as a result, we were able to derive the possibility that new-designed rating model is able to be applied to the Tourist centers in Seoul. It is significant that this study suggests ways to improve domestic tourist center service. It is expected that the follow - up study will help improve the factors to Seoul T.I.C, not only Itaewon, with much more specific rating method.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.303-305
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• 2000

Many standards have published for calculating the ampacity of bare overhead conductors. Although these standards use the same basic heat balance concept, they use different approaches to calculate ampacity ratings. This paper looks at the different approaches used to calculate individual heat balance terms, at the overall impact of these terms on the ampacity rating. And this paper is proposed to the selection of proper standard and atmospheric conditions for calculating the ampacity of bare overhead conductors.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.189-195
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• 2005

Objects:Some studies have suggested that brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF), one of the most important neurotrophins, is involved in pathophysiology of depression and suicide. This study was performed to determine whether there is an abnormality in plasma BDNF concentration in suicidal attempters. Methods:The subjects were 71 suicidal attempters who visited emergency rooms in multi-medical centers. All subjects had been interviewed by using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV(SCID), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HDRS), Young Mania Rating Scale(YMRS), and Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS). The severity of the suicidal behavior was measured by Lethality of Suicide Attempt Rating Scale(LSARS) and Risk-Rescue Rating(RRR) system. Seventy-one age, sex, and diagnosis matched non-suicidal psychiatric patients who were consecutively admitted to a psychiatric ward during the same period recruited as psychiatric controls. They were drug-naive or drug-free at least more than 2 months. In addition, 80 healthy controls were randomly selected as normal controls. Plasma BDNF level was measured by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) methods. Results:In overall F-test, differences of the plasma BDNF levels among the groups were statistically significant(F=20.226, p<0.001). In the multiple comparisons(Scheffe), while mean levels of plasma BDNF between normal controls and non-suicidal psychiatric patients were similar(p=0.984), the BDNF levels of suicidal attempters were lower than those of other two groups(p<0.001). LSARS and RRR did not reveal any significant correlations with BDNF levels in suicidal attempters. Conclusion:These results suggest that reduction of plasma BDNF level is related to suicidal behavior and BDNF level may be a biological marker of suicidal behavior.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.65-87
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• 2017

We propose a method to analyze the user reviews and ratings of the products in the online shopping mall and automatically extracts the features of the products to determine the characteristics of a product. By judging whether a rating is given by a specific feature of a product, our method distributes the score to each feature. Conventional methods force users to wastes time reading overflowing number of reviews and ratings to decide whether to buy the product or not. Moreover, it is difficult to grasp the merits and demerits of the product, because of the way reviews and ratings are provided. It is structured in a way that it is impossible to decide which rating is given to the which characteristics of the product. Therefore, in this paper, to resolve this problem, we propose a method to automatically extract the feature of the product from the user review and distribute the score to appropriate characteristics of the product by calculating the rating of each feature from the overall rating. proposed method collects product reviews and ratings, conducts morphological analysis, and extracts features and emotional words of the products. In addition, a method for determining the polarity of a sentence in which the feature appears is given a weight value for each feature. results of the experiment and the questionnaires comparing the existing methods show the usefulness of the proposed method. We also validates the results by comparing the analysis conducted by the product review experts.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.285-293
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• 2015

This study was performed in order to provide better quality health care services and satisfaction, the basis for the differential rating system to be operational by identifying how to recognize and respect in hospital operating efficiently and according to the rating differential with convalescent hospital doctors and nursing staff target was. The results of this study are as follows. Rating and doctors as a result of the independent sample t-test to analyze the differences of the nursing grade, second grade doctors were able to see that higher efficiency and improve the patient's rights organization in nursing improving patient safety in two grades, improve care and patient rights this product was confirmed to be enhanced higher. Doctor and as a result of the ANOVA analysis to analyze the differences in accordance with the nursing staff level, improve patient safety, hospital finances, the hospital doctor in the first grade, Nursing grade 2, the right to improve patient education and self-development, and two doctors, nursing grade 1 in was found that high. Overall, doctors, nursing staff of higher grade, first grade and second grade is the difference between me and a different result each category future convalescent hospital doctors and nursing staff of the differential rating system 1, it is necessary to consider restructuring among a calculation based on 2 ratings there will be.

• 한국노년학
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.1067-1081
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• 2011

This study aimed to compare job stress and job satisfaction of long-term care staffs caring for demented seniors with rating 3 and physically disabled seniors with rating 1. Survey was conducted upon 212 long-term care staffs in long-term care institutions in Ejungboo, Goyang, and Paju. There were, first of all, statistically significant differences between those groups in the level of overall stress, stress related to service subjects, and stress in service procedures. Regression analyses, secondly, showed that the relationship between job stress and job satisfaction was statistically significant only for long-term care staffs for demented seniors with rating 3. The results suggest that it is necessary to lower the level of stress especially for the staffs caring for demented seniors with rating 3. Furthermore, we need to consider the stress, that the staffs feels in the process of caring for long-term care service beneficiaries, as a important variable for intervention programs to reduce the level of stress among long-term care staffs.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 2002

The role of SI in this IT era is recognized high as a value-creating activity in the overall industries. But the valuation factors are not so attractive compared to other industries. Among the negative factors are the relatively high cost of sales and operating cost, the lack of technical differentiation among the firms, the low level of entry barrier, and the resulting competition in the SI industry. But some positive factors such as the expectation for the overall introduction of IT into eoconomy, development of SM (System Management) projects, and the sales of developed soultions and components increase the value of SI firms.